NP Certification Q&A

HRT in a 51-Year Old Woman

A 51 year old woman who works as a real estate agent presents for an office visit with a chief complaint of severe vasomotor symptoms reporting, "I can't sleep through the night without being drenched in sweat. I have at least four hot flashes a day. Sometimes while I'm working with clients. I need some help. What do you think about hormone therapy? " Her LMP was approximately 13 months ago and she's without chronic health problems.  When considering postmenopause hormone therapy, which of the following is the most accurate statement? A. The use of hormone therapy post menopause is associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular and cancer risk. B. The use of select low dose SSRIs for the management of vasomotor symptoms is as effective as hormone therapy. C. Short duration lower dose hormone therapy offers an effective form of therapy for menopausal vasomotor symptoms. D. Hormone therapy postmenopause offers an effective treatment for osteoporosis. --- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80j1H7FVrJY&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=143 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80j1H7FVrJY&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=143] Visit fhea.com [https://fhea.com/] to learn more!

Contraceptive Choices in Migraine

Which of the following best describes the use of contraception for a 26 year old woman who has migraine without aura, usually three episodes per month controlled with high dose ibuprofen who is otherwise well states. "I want to get on some birth control that's really reliable for the next three years while I'm in graduate school." A. All combined hormonal contraceptive forms are contraindicated with any type of migraine. B. Combined hormonal contraception is acceptable for use in this clinical situation. C. Progestin-only contraceptive methods should be avoided in migraine with or without aura due to the increased risk for elevated blood pressure. D. Barrier contraceptive methods are preferred in this situation. --- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyCwq8NMkPw&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=142 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyCwq8NMkPw&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=142] Visit fhea.com [https://fhea.com/] to learn more!

HTN Interventions

A 56-year-old man with a 10-year history of hypertension presents for a primary care visit, stating he has not taken his high blood pressure medicines, a calcium channel blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and thiazide diuretic for the last three months due to, quote, running out of medication and not getting to the pharmacy, close quote. Today's blood pressure is 192 over 120, and he's without complaint, denying shortness of breath, chest pain, or visual changes. He states, "I just came in today for a visit since I ran out of high blood pressure refills. I need to get back to work in a half an hour." His physical exam shows no acute distress, grade one hypertensive retinopathy, and S4 heart sound. His neck veins are within normal limit, chest is clear, no peripheral edema with a resting heart rate of 73. Respiratory rate 16, 12 lead ECG is within normal limits. His BMI is 33.  Which of the following is the next best step in the patient's care? A. Administer in-office oral clonidine and reassess blood pressure in 1 hour.  B. Activate EMS with prompt transfer to emergency department C. Restart prior blood pressure medications with follow-up within the next month D. Advise restricting dietary sodium and weight loss to help with BP control.  --- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpsNR1uxO4Y&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=141 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpsNR1uxO4Y&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=141] Visit fhea.com [https://fhea.com/] to learn more!

HTN Findings

A 56 year old man with a 10 year history of hypertension presents for a primary care visit, stating he's not taking his hypertension med, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, and a thiazide diuretic for the past three months due to  "running out of the medication and not getting to the pharmacy." Today, his blood pressure is 192 over 120 and he has no complaint, denying shortness of breath, chest pain or visual changes. He states, "I just came in today for a visit since I ran out of my blood pressure refills. I need to get back to work in a half an hour." When considering the diagnosis of asymptomatic markedly elevated blood pressure, the clinician would predict his physical exam is normal with the exception of which of the following. A. S4 heart sound B. Grade 3 HTN retinopathy C. Neck vein distension D. Murmur of aortic regurgitation --- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlnpCn_tg48&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=140 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlnpCn_tg48&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=140] Visit fhea.com [https://fhea.com/] to learn more!

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Which of the following two patients with asymptomatic bacteria, or abbreviated ABS, should receive antimicrobial therapy? A. An 84‑year‑old woman who is a resident of a long‑term care facility with dementia, no new urinary symptoms, her urine is positive for nitrites, leukocytes, and culture reveals 100,000 colony forming units per ml of E. coli. B. A 70‑year‑old man with an indwelling Foley catheter, no new urinary symptoms. His urine appears cloudy and foul‑smelling. His culture is 100,000 CFU of mixed flora. C. A 30‑year‑old woman who is 10 weeks pregnant, no urinary symptoms, culture reveals 100,000 CFU per ml of E. coli. D. A 72‑year‑old man scheduled for a transurethral prostate resection, a TURP, next week, no urinary symptoms. His culture reveals 100,000 CFU per ml of E. coli. --- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1Ze5rIDf8Y&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=139 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1Ze5rIDf8Y&list=PLf0PFEPBXfq592b5zCthlxSNIEM-H-EtD&index=139] Visit fhea.com [https://fhea.com/] to learn more!