The gut microbiome and autoimmunity: How our gut bacteria influence the immune system 🔬

The gut microbiome and autoimmunity: How our gut bacteria influence the immune system 🔬

Send us Fan Mail [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/fan_mail/new] Keywords: Gut Microbiome, Autoimmunity, Lupus, Microbiome Research, Enterococcus gallinarum, Immunological Tolerance, Microbiome Therapies Summary:  In this episode of the Young Immunologist Podcast ImmunoChat, Pia Madeleine Leipe talks with Carina Brune about the role of the gut microbiome in the immune system and its connection to autoimmune diseases. They discuss the importance of gut microbes, the challenges in researching autoimmune diseases, and the potential therapeutic approaches emerging from microbiome research. Takeaways: * The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system. * Dysbiosis in the microbiome can lead to autoimmune diseases. * Enterococcus gallinarum is a bacterium linked to the development of lupus. * Future therapies may target microbiome modulation, including vaccines and phage therapy. Please find here links to publications referred to in this Episode:   General Info: *  Family size, infection and atopy: the first decade of the 'hygiene hypothesis' | Thorax [https://thorax.bmj.com/content/55/suppl_1/S2.long] * Host–microbiota interactions in immune-mediated diseases | Nature Reviews Microbiology [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-020-0367-2] SLE and microbiome: * Translocation of a gut pathobiont drives autoimmunity in mice and humans | Science [https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aar7201] * Within-host evolution of a gut pathobiont facilitates liver translocation | Nature [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04949-x] * Translocating gut pathobiont Enterococcus gallinarum induces TH17 and IgG3 anti-RNA–directed autoimmunity in mouse and human | Science Translational Medicine [https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.adj6294] * Lupus and inflammatory bowel disease share a common set of microbiome features distinct from other autoimmune disorders | Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases [https://ard.bmj.com/content/early/2024/09/18/ard-2024-225829?utm_source=chatgpt.com]  Phage therapy * Targeted suppression of human IBD-associated gut microbiota commensals by phage consortia for treatment of intestinal inflammation: Cell [https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)00850-9] YouTube Video Hinter den Kulissen des Tierlaboratoriums der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w3Gdv49uMt0] Contact details Carina Brune – University of Münster | LinkedIn [https://de.linkedin.com/in/carina-brune-65294b212] Immune-Microbiota Interactions Lab (@agkriegel.bsky.social) — Bluesky [https://bsky.app/profile/agkriegel.bsky.social] https://www.medizin.uni-muenster.de/imm/abteilungen/abteilung-translationale-rheumatologie-und-immunologie.html Support the show [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/support] The Podcast is hosted by Pia Madeleine Leipe - www.linkedin.com/in/pia-madeleine-l-75b749207 The podcast is supported by the German Association of Immunology (DGfI) - Young Immunologists (YI) https://dgfi.org/ [https://dgfi.org/] https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/ [https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/] https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/ [https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/] https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi [https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi] Become a member today! --> https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US [https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US] https://www.yefis.org/ [https://www.yefis.org/]

🦠 Hunting HIV: How Cytotoxic CD4+ T Cells Could Crack the Viral Hideout 🦠

Send us Fan Mail [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/fan_mail/new] Keywords HIV, immunology, virology, immunological niches, Cytotoxic CD4 T cells, , CD137, HIV reservoirs   Summary In this episode of the Young Immunologist Podcast ImmunoChat, Pia Leipe engages with Dr. Anna Malyshkina to explore the complexities of HIV, its interaction with the immune system, and the innovative research being conducted to combat this virus. They discuss the roles of various immune cells, the challenges of antiretroviral therapy, and the significance of immunological niches where HIV can hide. Dr. Malyshkina shares insights into her research on cytotoxic CD4 T follicular helper cells and the potential of CD137 as a target for immunotherapy.    Takeaways * HIV primarily targets CD4 T cells, disrupting the immune system's coordination. * Antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV but does not eliminate it. * Immunological niches provide safe harbors for HIV, complicating treatment. * CD4 T follicular helper cells can be armed to target HIV. * CD137 is a promising target for enhancing T cell responses.   Please find here links to publications referred to in this Episode:   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37965314/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37965314/]  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37883584/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37883584/] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30635687/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30635687/] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30782653/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30782653/]  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28798348/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28798348/]  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26608920/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26608920/] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37910505/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37910505/]    Contact details ·      Dr. Anna Malyshkina  ·      LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/anna-malyshkina-776324178/ [https://www.linkedin.com/in/anna-malyshkina-776324178/] ·      Institute of Physiology Essen: https://www.uni-due.de/physiologie/ [https://www.uni-due.de/physiologie/] ·      Institute for Virology Essen: https://www.uni-due.de/virologie/ [https://www.uni-due.de/virologie/] ·    ELAN Proposal UDE: https://www.unidue.de/med/promotionskolleg/evaluierte_projekte.php [https://www.uni-due.de/med/promotionskolleg/evaluierte_projekte.php]  Support the show [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/support] The Podcast is hosted by Pia Madeleine Leipe - www.linkedin.com/in/pia-madeleine-l-75b749207 The podcast is supported by the German Association of Immunology (DGfI) - Young Immunologists (YI) https://dgfi.org/ [https://dgfi.org/] https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/ [https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/] https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/ [https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/] https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi [https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi] Become a member today! --> https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US [https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US] https://www.yefis.org/ [https://www.yefis.org/]

🫁 Breathing Life Into Research: Lung Explants, Organoids & Nasal ALIs 🫁

Send us Fan Mail [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/fan_mail/new] Keywords Lung research, Respiratory tract, Human lung explants, Organoids, Air-liquid interface cultures, Infections, Drug testing, Disease mechanisms, Virology Summary In this episode of the Young Immunologist Podcast ImmunoChat, host Pia Leipe interviews Dr. Saskia Hinse, a postdoc at the University clinic Münster at the Institute of molecular Virology, to discuss models of the respiratory tract. They explore the use of human lung explants, organoids, and air-liquid interface cultures in lung research, focusing on their applications in studying infections, drug testing, and understanding disease mechanisms. The conversation highlights the advantages and challenges of these models, emphasizing their role in complementing traditional in vitro and in vivo experiments. Takeaways * Lung explants are small pieces of human lung tissue used for research. * Organoids are grown from type II pneumocytes and can be maintained for months. * Air-liquid interface cultures mimic the upper respiratory tract. * These models help study infections and drug testing. * Lung explants and organoids complement in vitro and in vivo experiments. * Challenges include tissue availability and heterogeneity. * Human tissue models are key for understanding disease mechanisms. Please find here links to publications using the models discussed today - Lung explants, Organoids and ALIs:  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39248230/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36423831/ Contact details  * Dr. Saskia Sophie Hinse  * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/saskia-sophie-hinse-0a273a398/ Support the show [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/support] The Podcast is hosted by Pia Madeleine Leipe - www.linkedin.com/in/pia-madeleine-l-75b749207 The podcast is supported by the German Association of Immunology (DGfI) - Young Immunologists (YI) https://dgfi.org/ [https://dgfi.org/] https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/ [https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/] https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/ [https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/] https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi [https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi] Become a member today! --> https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US [https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US] https://www.yefis.org/ [https://www.yefis.org/]

🤰🔬Exploring pregnancy’s power to suppress autoimmune disease: Insights from multiple sclerosis research

Send us Fan Mail [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/fan_mail/new] Keywords Multiple Sclerosis, Pregnancy, Autoimmune Diseases, Immune Tolerance, GDF15, Neuroimmune Crosstalk, Reproductive Immunology, Maternal Health, Research Challenges, MS Treatment Summary In this episode of the Young Immunologist podcast, Nóra Balzer interviews Jana Sonner, a postdoc at the University Medical Center in Hamburg, discussing the intersection of multiple sclerosis (MS) and pregnancy. They explore how autoimmune diseases typically affect women during their reproductive years, the unique immunological changes that occur during pregnancy, and the implications for maternal and fetal health. The conversation delves into the mechanisms of maternal immune tolerance, the role of GDF15, and the latest research findings on MS and pregnancy. Jana emphasizes the need for more research in reproductive immunology and the importance of including pregnant women in clinical trials to improve treatment outcomes. Takeaways * Pregnancy can suppress disease activity in autoimmune diseases. * Autoimmune diseases often onset during women's reproductive years. * MS does not typically affect fertility or pregnancy outcomes. * Disease-modifying therapies may pose risks during pregnancy. * Maternal immune tolerance is crucial for pregnancy success. * GDF15 plays a role in immune regulation during pregnancy. * Peripheral immune system adapts significantly during pregnancy. * Exclusive breastfeeding may lower postpartum relapse risk in MS. * Research in reproductive immunology is still underfunded and underexplored. * Inclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials is essential for better treatment. Please find some links to work both on MS in general and pregnancy and MS * https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJM199807303390501?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJM199807303390501?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] * https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00281-016-0584-y [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00281-016-0584-y] * https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-024-00823-z [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-024-00823-z] * https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-022-00718-z [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-022-00718-z] Contact details * Contact: Dr. Jana Sonner, jana.sonner@zmnh.uni-hamburg.de * Webpage Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS): https://www.inims.de [https://www.inims.de/] Support the show [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/support] The Podcast is hosted by Pia Madeleine Leipe - www.linkedin.com/in/pia-madeleine-l-75b749207 The podcast is supported by the German Association of Immunology (DGfI) - Young Immunologists (YI) https://dgfi.org/ [https://dgfi.org/] https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/ [https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/] https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/ [https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/] https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi [https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi] Become a member today! --> https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US [https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US] https://www.yefis.org/ [https://www.yefis.org/]

🧪⚖️Inventing Knowledge: Intellectual Property in Academic Research 🧠🔏

Send us Fan Mail [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/fan_mail/new] keywords academic integrity, plagiarism, intellectual property, research ethics, PhD students, collaborations, scientific publications, open access, patents, copyrights summary In this podcast episode, Nora Balzer (Dr rer Nat) discusses the complexities of intellectual property in academia, particularly in the context of a case involving a PhD student accused of plagiarism. The conversation explores the balance between sharing research for public good and protecting intellectual achievements, the challenges of collaborations, and practical advice for PhD students navigating these issues. takeaways * Sophie’s case highlights the complexities of academic integrity - reference: https://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/uni/professor-contra-doktorandin-wer-klaut-hier-bei-wem-a-776909.html - accessed on 27-02-2025. * Intellectual property in academia is often misunderstood. * The need to protect research can conflict with sharing knowledge. * Patents and copyrights are crucial but challenging to navigate. * Open access aims to make research freely available but has costs. * Collaborations can complicate ownership of research outcomes. * PhD students should choose their supervisors wisely. * Reading contracts is essential for understanding rights. * Building a support network is vital for early career scientists. * Emotional responses to credit disputes should be managed rationally. Support the show [https://www.buzzsprout.com/2073370/support] The Podcast is hosted by Pia Madeleine Leipe - www.linkedin.com/in/pia-madeleine-l-75b749207 The podcast is supported by the German Association of Immunology (DGfI) - Young Immunologists (YI) https://dgfi.org/ [https://dgfi.org/] https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/ [https://dgfi.org/young-immunologists/] https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/ [https://www.linkedin.com/company/dgfi-yi/] https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi [https://twitter.com/YI_dgfi] Become a member today! --> https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US [https://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/dgfi-membership/?noredirect=en_US] https://www.yefis.org/ [https://www.yefis.org/]