Breaking Bad Science

We’d love to hear from you (feedback@breakingbadscience.com [feedback@breakingbadscience.com]) Look us up on social media  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540] Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/ [https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/] Website: http://www.breakingbadscience.com/ [http://www.breakingbadscience.com/] Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience] The practice of chiropractics is widely popular, especially in the United States. A practice that evolved in parallel with what's known as osteopathic medicine. The question at this point, is how many of us have ever even heard the second term. Join hosts Shanti and Danny as we discuss what the similarities are and how they differ? Most importantly, we'll talk about whether either of them stack up from a scientific perspective as far as efficacy is concerned?  References 1. Ernst, E.; Chiropractic: A Critical Evaluation. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 15-Feb-2008. 35:5 (544 - 562). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.07.004 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.07.004] 2.  Michas, F.; Number of Chiropractic Licenses in the U.S. 1996 - 2020. Statista.com. 25-Aug-2021. https://www.statista.com/statistics/450353/number-of-chiropractic-licenses-in-the-us/ [https://www.statista.com/statistics/450353/number-of-chiropractic-licenses-in-the-us/] 3. Baer, H.; The Drive for Legitimation by Osteopathy and Chiropractic in Australia: Between Heterodoxy and Orthodoxy. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine. 01-Apr-2006. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1533210106292467 [https://doi.org/10.1177/1533210106292467] 4. Baer, H.; Divergence and Convergence in Two Systems of Manual Medicine: Osteopathy and Chiropractic in the United States. Medical Anthropology Quarterly. Jun-1987. 1:2 (176 - 193). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/maq.1987.1.2.02a00030 [https://doi.org/10.1525/maq.1987.1.2.02a00030] 5. American Chiropractic Association. What Research Shows About Chiropractic. ACA. https://www.acatoday.org/research/what-research-shows/ [https://www.acatoday.org/research/what-research-shows/] Support the show [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience?fan_landing=true]

We’d love to hear from you (feedback@breakingbadscience.com [feedback@breakingbadscience.com]) Look us up on social media  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540] Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/ [https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/] Website: http://www.breakingbadscience.com/ [http://www.breakingbadscience.com/] Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience] In medieval times witchcraft was a dark, mysterious, and even dangerous practice. So much so, that it became the focus of the witch trials. But what's considered witchcraft? Everyone's seen some movie or TV show where the witch is boiling something in their cauldron or casting spells, but what about dowsing? Ever seen one walk around with a Y shaped stick or a couple of rods held out in front of them? No? Join hosts Shanti and Danny as we discuss what dowsing is and how we realize maybe we never stopped doing it. References 1. Ebersole, R.; He Trains Cops in “Witching” to Help Find Corpses. Experts Are Alarmed. MotherJones. 17-Mar-2022. https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2022/03/national-forensic-academy-police-training-dowsing-witching-arpad-vass/ [https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2022/03/national-forensic-academy-police-training-dowsing-witching-arpad-vass/] 2. McCarney, R., et. al.; Can Homeopaths Detect Homeopathic Medicines by Dowsing? A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Apr-2022. 95:4 (189 - 191). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.95.4.189 [https://doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.95.4.189] 3. Harvalik, Z.; Anatomical Localization of Human Detection of Weak Electromagnetic Radiation: Experiments with Dowsers. Physiological Chemistry and Physics. 1978. 19:6 (525 - 534).  4. Henry, V.; The Modern Dowser. Nature. 27-Feb-1937. 139: 352. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/139352c0 [https://doi.org/10.1038/139352c0] 5. Weaver, M.; UK Water Firms Admit Using Divining Rods to Find Leaks and Pipes. The Guardian. 21-Nov-2017. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/nov/21/uk-water-firms-admit-using-divining-rods-to-find-leaks-and-pipes [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/nov/21/uk-water-firms-admit-using-divining-rods-to-find-leaks-and-pipes] Support the show [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience?fan_landing=true]

We’d love to hear from you (feedback@breakingbadscience.com [feedback@breakingbadscience.com]) Look us up on social media  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540] Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/ [https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/] Website: http://www.breakingbadscience.com/ [http://www.breakingbadscience.com/] Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience] Will Smith was in a movie about it. The Thundamentals and several others have written songs about it, but what is the “Hypothesis concerning soul substance together with experimental evidence of the existence of such substance?” More importantly, why does it make some people believe in the importance of the specific value, 21 grams? Join hosts Shanti and Danny as we discuss the paper that led to the infamous belief that the soul weighs 21 grams. References 1. MacDougall, D.; Hypothesis Concerning Soul Substance Together with Experimental Evidence of the Existence of Such Substance. American Society of Psychical Research. 1901. 1:5 (237 - 275).  https://diogenesii.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/duncan_macdougall_1907_-_21pp.pdf [https://diogenesii.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/duncan_macdougall_1907_-_21pp.pdf] 2. Hollander, L.; Unexplained Weight Gain Transients at the Moment of Death. Journal of Scientific Exploration. 2001. 15:4 (495 - 500). https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.567.4701&rep=rep1&type=pdf [https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.567.4701&rep=rep1&type=pdf] Support the show [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience?fan_landing=true]

We’d love to hear from you (feedback@breakingbadscience.com [feedback@breakingbadscience.com]) Look us up on social media  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540] Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/ [https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/] Website: http://www.breakingbadscience.com/ [http://www.breakingbadscience.com/] Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience] If you listen to the show regularly, you know we just love space. In this episode, join hosts Shanti and Danny for something that is 1 part updating everyone on the world's most innovative telescope and 1 part just geeking out over how cool space is.  References 1. NASA; NASA’s Webb Reaches Alignment Milestone, Optics Working Successfully. NASA.gov. 16-Mar-2022. https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-webb-reaches-alignment-milestone-optics-working-successfully [https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-webb-reaches-alignment-milestone-optics-working-successfully] 2. IndiaToday; James Webb Telescope Packs 1000 Ancient Galaxies Into One Picture. IndiaToday. 17-Mar-2022. https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/james-webb-telescope-picture-photobomb-galaxy-nasa-esa-1926325-2022-03-17 [https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/james-webb-telescope-picture-photobomb-galaxy-nasa-esa-1926325-2022-03-17] 3. Amos, J.; James Webb ‘Fully Focused’ Telescope Beats Expectations. BBC News. 16-Mar-2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60771210 [https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60771210] Explore Light, this is the link mentioned in the episode for the imaging differences.  https://www.nasa.gov/content/explore-light [https://www.nasa.gov/content/explore-light] Support the show [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience?fan_landing=true]

We’d love to hear from you (feedback@breakingbadscience.com [feedback@breakingbadscience.com]) Look us up on social media  Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/385282925919540] Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/ [https://www.instagram.com/breakingbadsciencepodcast/] Website: http://www.breakingbadscience.com/ [http://www.breakingbadscience.com/] Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience] Way back in episode 35 we discussed how educating the entire populace of a country is still sort of a new concept. The importance of an entirely educated population is a belief system barely around 100 years old now. With that always comes a clear division in understanding of how and what is best. Because of this we have public schools, private schools, boarding schools, and charter schools. But what is a charter school? How does it differ from any of these other categories that it seems like we're all well acquainted with and is it better? References 1. Digest of Education Statistics. Public and Private Elementary and SEcondary Teachers, Enrollment, Pupil/Teacher Ratios, and New Teacher Hires: Selected Years, Fall 1955 Through Fall 2029. National Center for Education Statistics. 2020. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d20/tables/dt20_208.20.asp [https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d20/tables/dt20_208.20.asp] 2. Logan, J., Burdick-Will, J.; School Segregation, Charter Schools, and Access to Quality Education. Journal of Urban Affairs. Aug-2016. 38:3 (323 - 343). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12246 [https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12246] 3. Hojo, M.; Association Between Student-Teacher Ratio and Teachers’ Working Hours and Workload Stress: Evidence from a Nationwide Survey in Japan. BMC Public Health. 7-Sep-2021. 21:1 (1635). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11677-w [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11677-w] 4. National Conference of State Legislatures. Education Research. National Conference of State Legislatures. https://www.ncsl.org/research/education/charter-schools-research-and-report.aspx#:~:text=The%20most%20rigorous%20studies%20conducted,charter%20schools%20in%20different%20states [https://www.ncsl.org/research/education/charter-schools-research-and-report.aspx#:~:text=The%20most%20rigorous%20studies%20conducted,charter%20schools%20in%20different%20states]. 5. Hirsh, K.; Class Size and Charter Schools. Chalkbeat New York. 24-Feb-2009. https://ny.chalkbeat.org/2009/2/24/21098084/class-size-and-charter-schools [https://ny.chalkbeat.org/2009/2/24/21098084/class-size-and-charter-schools] Support the show [https://www.patreon.com/breakingbadscience?fan_landing=true]