The Berlin Conference: How Africa Was Partitioned — Fexingo History

The Berlin Conference and the Punch Cartoon That Exposed Leopold

6 min · 4. juni 2026
episode The Berlin Conference and the Punch Cartoon That Exposed Leopold cover

Description

In this episode, Lucas and Luna examine how a single cartoon in the British magazine Punch helped turn public opinion against King Leopold II's brutal regime in the Congo Free State. They explore the role of satirical artist Edward Linley Sambourne, whose 1906 drawing 'The Phantom' depicted Leopold as a vampire bat hovering over the Congo, and trace the broader impact of visual propaganda in the anti-Congo reform movement. The conversation covers the context of the Congo Reform Association's campaign, E.D. Morel's writings, and the way cartoonists and journalists collaborated to expose the atrocities. Lucas also shares the story of Alice Seeley Harris, whose photographs of mutilated Congolese children were shown at lantern-slide lectures across Britain and America. The episode reveals how these images and cartoons, combined with the testimony of Roger Casement and others, finally forced the Belgian parliament to annex the Congo in 1908, ending Leopold's personal rule. #BerlinConference #CongoFreeState #KingLeopoldII #PunchMagazine #EdwardLinleySambourne #CongoReformAssociation #EDMorel #RogerCasement #AliceSeeleyHarris #ThePhantom #VisualPropaganda #SatiricalCartoon #CongoAtrocities #BelgianColonialism #1908Annexation #History #FexingoHistory #ColonialAfrica Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

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116 episodes

episode The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1830 artwork

The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1830

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the 1830 French invasion of Algiers, a critical prelude to the Scramble for Africa. They unpack the diplomatic breakdown triggered by the Fly Whisk Incident, the strategic calculations of King Charles X, and the brutal military campaign that ended centuries of Ottoman rule. The conversation also examines the role of the Dey of Algiers, the janissaries, and the Barbary corsairs, and how the invasion shaped France's colonial ambitions. Listeners will learn about the landing at Sidi Ferruch, the Battle of Staoueli, and the fall of the Casbah, as well as the lasting impact on Algeria and the broader Mediterranean world. #History #FexingoHistory #BerlinConference #Algiers1830 #FrenchColonialism #OttomanEmpire #BarbaryCorsairs #FlyWhiskIncident #KingCharlesX #DeyHussein #SidiFerruch #BattleOfStaoueli #Janissaries #Casbah #MediterraneanHistory #NorthAfrica #Algeria #19thCentury Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

23. juni 20264 min
episode The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1827 artwork

The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1827

In 1827, a diplomatic spat over unpaid grain debts escalated into a three-year naval blockade and a full-scale invasion of Algiers. This episode dives into the Fly Whisk Incident, where the Dey of Algiers struck the French consul with a fly whisk, sparking a crisis. We explore the complex web of Ottoman Regency politics, Barbary corsairs, and the shifting balance of power in the Mediterranean. Learn about the role of janissaries, the impact of the Napoleonic Wars on European diplomacy, and why France's Charles X saw Algeria as a distraction from domestic problems. We also touch on the legacy of this conflict, setting the stage for France's 130-year colonial rule. #BerlinConference #BombardmentofAlgiers #FlyWhiskIncident #HusseinDey #Duperré #OttomanRegency #BarbaryCorsairs #CharlesX #Algiers1827 #FrenchColonialism #Janissaries #MediterraneanHistory #PaxBritannica #NapoleonicWars #Algeria #Europe #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

23. juni 20267 min
episode The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1816 artwork

The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1816

In this episode, Lucas and Luna revisit the 1816 bombardment of Algiers by a combined British-Dutch fleet under Lord Exmouth. They explore the background of the Barbary corsairs, the Dey of Algiers's refusal to release Christian slaves, and the diplomatic tensions leading to the attack. The conversation examines the impact of the bombardment on the slave trade, the decline of the Barbary states, and the broader European power dynamics in the Mediterranean. Specific attention is given to the role of Joseph Barcia, a Sardinian slave whose account of his captivity influenced public opinion, and the aftermath of the bombardment, which saw the destruction of the Algerian fleet but failed to fully end corsair activity. The episode also connects these events to the later French invasion of Algiers in 1830. #Algiers1816 #LordExmouth #BarbaryCorsairs #DeyOmarAgha #JosephBarcia #RoyalNavy #DutchNavy #SlaveTrade #MediterraneanHistory #PaxBritannica #BombardmentOfAlgiers #BarbaryWars #OttomanEmpire #Sardinia #19thCentury #MaritimeHistory #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

Yesterday5 min
episode The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Tripoli 1835 artwork

The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Tripoli 1835

In Episode 113, Lucas and Luna explore a lesser-known chapter of the Scramble for Africa: the Ottoman reoccupation of Tripoli in 1835. They examine how the Barbary states' decline, the collapse of the Qaramanli dynasty, and European pressures set the stage for the Ottoman Navy's bombardment of Tripoli. The episode covers the Qaramanli rulers—Yusuf Pasha, Ali Pasha, and the fratricidal civil war—leading to Sultan Mahmud II's decision to reassert direct control. Lucas explains the role of the Ottoman Navy, the janissaries' dwindling power, and the aftermath for the Barbary corsairs. The conversation connects this event to the broader context of the Berlin Conference's 'effective occupation' principle and the eventual Italian colonization of Libya in 1911. Listeners will meet figures like Yusuf Pasha, Admiral Tahir Pasha, and the enigmatic Mehmed the Conqueror's legacy in North Africa. This episode fills a gap in the series, showing how the Ottoman Empire's last gasp in North Africa foreshadowed the full-blown European partition. #BerlinConference #Tripoli1835 #OttomanEmpire #QaramanliDynasty #BarbaryCorsairs #YusufPasha #MahmudII #NorthAfrica #EffectiveOccupation #Libya #ItalianColonization #BarbaryWars #Janissaries #OttomanNavy #ScrambleForAfrica #History #FexingoHistory #Podcast Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

Yesterday4 min
episode The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1827 artwork

The Berlin Conference and the Bombardment of Algiers 1827

In this episode, Lucas and Luna dive into the Fly Whisk Incident of 1827, when the Dey of Algiers, Hussein Dey, struck the French consul with a fly whisk, sparking a diplomatic crisis that led to a three-year naval blockade and the eventual French invasion of Algeria in 1830. They explore the economic tensions over wheat shipments, the role of the Ottoman Regency of Algiers, the corsair legacy, and how this minor insult became a pretext for colonial expansion. The episode also examines the broader context of the Barbary states, the decline of Ottoman authority, and the early stages of French imperialism in North Africa, setting the stage for the Scramble for Africa decades later. #Algiers1827 #FlyWhiskIncident #HusseinDey #BarbaryCorsairs #OttomanRegency #FrenchColonialism #Algeria #NavalBlockade #CharlesX #Corsairs #Janissaries #NorthAfrica #ScrambleForAfrica #History #FexingoHistory #DiplomaticCrisis #Imperialism #19thCentury Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

21. juni 20268 min