Freakonomics Radio

Cory Booker on the politics of fear, the politics of hope, and how to split the difference.   * SOURCES: * Cory Booker [https://www.booker.senate.gov/], senior United States Senator from New Jersey.   * RESOURCES: * "'When Are More Americans Going to Speak Up? [https://www.newyorker.com/podcast/the-new-yorker-radio-hour/cory-booker-america-needs-moral-leadership-and-not-political-leadership]'" by The New Yorker Radio Hour (2025). * "Cory Booker’s Marathon Floor Speech [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2utlMxAwtE&t=51059s]," (2025). * "Facebook Knows Instagram Is Toxic for Teen Girls, Company Documents Show [https://www.wsj.com/tech/personal-tech/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739]," by Georgia Wells, Jeff Horwitz, and Deepa Seetharaman (Wall Street Journal, 2021). * "Tucked Into the Tax Bill, a Plan to Help Distressed America [https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/29/business/tax-bill-economic-recovery-opportunity-zones.html]," by Jim Tankersley (New York Times, 2018). * United: Thoughts on Finding Common Ground and Advancing the Common Good [https://amzn.to/3ZYw3W6], by Cory Booker (2017). * "But What Did Cory Booker Actually Accomplish in Newark? [https://www.governing.com/archive/gov-what-cory-booker-accomplished.html]" by J.B. Wogan (Governing, 2013).   * EXTRAS: * "Ten Myths About the U.S. Tax System [https://freakonomics.com/podcast/ten-myths-about-the-u-s-tax-system/]," by Freakonomics Radio (2025). * "The United States of Cory Booker [https://freakonomics.com/podcast/the-united-states-of-cory-booker/]," by Freakonomics Radio (2016).

In the U.S., there will soon be more people over 65 than there are under 18 — and it’s not just lifespan that’s improving, it’s “healthspan” too. Unfortunately, the American approach to aging is stuck in the 20th century. In less than an hour, we try to unstick it. (Part three of a three-part series, “Cradle to Grave [https://freakonomics.com/podcast-tag/cradle-to-grave/].”)   * SOURCES: * James Chappel [https://scholars.duke.edu/person/james.chappel], professor of history at Duke University. * Katy Fike [https://generatorvc.com/team], co-founder of Aging 2.0 and managing partner of Generator Ventures. * Kristen Fortney [https://bioagelabs.com/team], co-founder and C.E.O. of BioAge. * Celine Halioua [https://www.celinehh.com/about], founder and C.E.O. of Loyal. * Kyla Scanlon [https://kylascanlon.com/], economic commentator. * Andrew Scott [https://profandrewjscott.com/], professor of economics at London Business School.   * RESOURCES: * In This Economy?: How Money & Markets Really Work [https://amzn.to/4l1Q1Yp], by Kyla Scanlon (2024). * Golden Years: How Americans Invented and Reinvented Old Age [https://amzn.to/3HZXLeY], by James Chappel (2024). * The Longevity Imperative: How to Build a Healthier and More Productive Society to Support Our Longer Lives [https://amzn.to/44hswU5], by Andrew Scott (2024).   * EXTRAS: * "Off Leash [https://freakonomics.com/series/off-leash/]," by The Freakonomics Radio Network (2022). * "Are You Ready for a Glorious Sunset? [https://freakonomics.com/podcast/are-you-ready-for-a-glorious-sunset/]" by Freakonomics Radio (2015).

In this episode from 2013, we look at whether spite pays — and if it even exists.   * SOURCES: * Benedikt Herrmann [https://cepr.org/about/people/benedikt-herrmann], research officer at the European Commission. * Steve Levitt [https://freakonomics.com/series/people-i-mostly-admire/], co-author of Freakonomics and host of People I (Mostly) Admire. * Dave O'Connor [https://www.linkedin.com/in/dave-o-connor-a75a829/], president of Times Studios. * Lisi Oliver [https://www.oenewsletter.org/OEN/archive/46_1/oliver.php], professor of English at Louisiana State University. * E.O. Wilson [https://eowilsonfoundation.org/about-us/e-o-wilson/], naturalist and university research professor emeritus at Harvard University.   * RESOURCES: * You Don't Know Bo: The Legend of Bo Jackson [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2356302/?ref_=ttfc_ov_i], documentary (2012). * "Amputation of the nose throughout history [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2689568/pdf/0392-100X.29.044.pdf]," by G. Sperati (ACTA Otorhinolaryngologica Italica, 2009). * "The Appearance of Homo Rivalis: Social Preferences and the Nature of Rent Seeking [https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/cedex/documents/papers/2008-10.pdf]," by Benedikt Herrmann and Henrik Orzen (Center for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, 2008).   * EXTRAS: * "What It’s Like to Be Middle-Aged (in the Middle Ages) [https://freakonomics.com/podcast/what-its-like-to-be-middle-aged-in-the-middle-ages/]," by Freakonomics Radio (2025).

The simplicity of life back then is appealing today, as long as you don’t mind Church hegemony, the occasional plague, trial by gossip — and the lack of ibuprofen. (Part two of a three-part series, “Cradle to Grave [https://freakonomics.com/podcast-tag/cradle-to-grave/].”)   * SOURCES: * Jordan Cavalier [https://jordancavalier.com/about-me], performer at the New Jersey Renaissance Faire. * Matt Schwarz [https://njrenfaire.com/wordpress/matt-schwarz-harper/], harpist at the New Jersey Renaissance Faire. * Phillipp Schofield [https://www.aber.ac.uk/en/history/staff-profiles/listing/profile/prs/], professor of history at Aberystywth University. * Neslihan Şenocak [https://history.columbia.edu/person/neslihan-senocak/], professor of history at Columbia University.   * RESOURCES: * A People's Church: Medieval Italy and Christianity, 1050–1300 [https://amzn.to/3ZAnEYK], co-edited by Agostino Paravicini Bagliani and Neslihan Şenocak (2023). * The Routledge Handbook of Medieval Rural Life [https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003194866-12/famine-medieval-england-phillipp-schofield], edited by Miriam Müller with a contribution by Phillip Schofield (2021). * Monty Python and the Holy Grail [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0071853/], film (1975).   * EXTRAS: * "Are You Having a Midlife Crisis? [https://freakonomics.com/podcast/are-you-having-a-midlife-crisis/]" by No Stupid Questions (2022).

For decades, the great fear was overpopulation. Now it’s the opposite. How did this happen — and what’s being done about it? (Part one of a three-part series [https://freakonomics.com/podcast-tag/cradle-to-grave/], “Cradle to Grave.”)   * SOURCES: * Matthias Doepke [https://www.lse.ac.uk/economics/people/faculty/matthias-doepke], professor of economics at the London School of Economics. * Amy Froide [https://history.umbc.edu/facultystaff/full-time/amy-froide/], professor of history at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. * Diana Laird [https://profiles.ucsf.edu/diana.laird], professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of California, San Francisco. * Catherine Pakaluk [https://business.catholic.edu/faculty-and-research/faculty-profiles/pakaluk-catherine/index.html], professor of economics at The Catholic University of America.   * RESOURCES: * "Fertility Rate, Total for the United States [https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SPDYNTFRTINUSA]," (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2025). * "Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(24)00550-6/fulltext]," (The Lancet, 2024). * "Suddenly There Aren’t Enough Babies. The Whole World Is Alarmed [https://www.wsj.com/world/birthrates-global-decline-cause-ddaf8be2]." by Greg Ip and Janet Adamy (The Wall Street Journal, 2024). * "Taxing bachelors and proposing marriage lotteries – how superpowers addressed declining birthrates in the past [https://umbc.edu/stories/taxing-bachelors-and-proposing-marriage-lotteries-how-superpowers-addressed-declining-birthrates-in-the-past/]," by Amy Froide (University of Maryland, 2021). * "Is Fertility a Leading Economic Indicator? [https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w24355/w24355.pdf]" by Kasey Buckles, Daniel Hungerman, and Steven Lugauer (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018). * The King's Midwife: A History and Mystery of Madame du Coudray [https://amzn.to/4kzHRGj], by Nina Rattner Gelbart (1999). * The Population Bomb [https://amzn.to/3HDahkj], by Paul Ehrlich (1970). * "An Economic Analysis of Fertility [https://ideas.repec.org/h/nbr/nberch/2387.html]," by Gary Becker (National Bureau of Economic Research, 1960).   * EXTRAS: * "What Will Be the Consequences of the Latest Prenatal-Testing Technologies? [https://freakonomics.com/2011/06/what-will-be-the-consequences-of-the-latest-prenatal-testing-technologies/]" by Freakonomics Radio (2011).