The Erotic Publication That Scandalized Renaissance Europe

5/30 Update

Here is just a short update on the next episode and the state of the "Turning Modern" Patreon.

Martin Luther on Trial

Martin Luther braves persecution by the Church to come to the city of Worms to have his case heard by Emperor Charles V. In this contest between a reviled monk who is the son of a mine owner and a monarch whose empire spans an ocean, the victor is perhaps not the person one would normally expect... Sources Gregory, Brad S. The Unintended Reformation: How a Religious Revolution Secularized Society (Harvard University Press, 2012). Luther, Martin. Works: Letters I, vol. 48, ed. and trans. Gottfried G. Krodel (Fortress Press, 1963). Parker, Geoffrey. Emperor: A New Life of Charles V (Yale University Press, 2019). Roper, Lyndal. Martin Luther: Renegade and Prophet (Penguin Random House, 2016). For more information, transcripts, and ways to support the show, go to turningmodern.com.

The "Journalist" Who Covered the Ottoman Invasion of Egypt

Writing in the years of 1516 and 1517, an inhabitant of Cairo likely witnessed firsthand a new era as Egypt lost its independence and was forcibly annexed by the Ottoman Empire. However, he not only observed the collapse of the old regime, but also the toll it took on the people. Sources: Finkel, Caroline. Osman’s Dream: A History of the Ottoman Empire (Basic Books, 2005). Ibn Iyas. An Account of the Ottoman Conquest of Egypt, trans. W.H. Salmon (Royal Asiatic Society, 1921). Ibn Iyas. Journal d’un Bourgeois du Caire, ed. and trans. Gaston Wiet (Libraire Armand Colin, 1945). Lord Kinross. The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire (HarperCollins, 1979). Petry, Carl F. The Mamluk Sultanate: A History (Cambridge University Press, 2022). For more information, transcripts, and ways to support the show, go to ⁠turningmodern.com. [turningmodern.com]

The Erotic Publication That Scandalized Renaissance Europe

The apprentice of a legendary artist, the first publisher in history to be sued over copyright, and a famous satirist team up to create a provocative work of erotica that enraged the Pope himself. Sources: Romano, Giulio; Raimondi, Marcantonio; Aretino, Pietro; and Waldeck, Count Jean-Frederic-Maximilien. I Modi: The Sixteen Pleasures, An Erotic Album of the Italian Renaissance, trans. and ed. Lynne Lawner (Northwestern University Press, 1988). Talvacchia, Bette. Taking Positions: On the Erotic in Renaissance Culture (Princeton University Press, 1999). Vasari, Giorgi. Vasari’s Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, vol. III, trans. Mrs. Jonathan Foster (London: George Bell & Sons, 1894). Support this project: turningmodern.com/support

The German Peasant Who (Almost) Started a Revolution

A young German herdsman draws crowds while preaching about the evils of the nobility and the clergy and a new world where goods and land are shared. In hindsight, he is offering the elites of the Holy Roman Empire a warning about the near future, but will they listen? Sources: The German Peasants’ War: A History in Documents, eds. Tom Scott and Bob Scribner (Humanities Press International, Inc., 1991). Peters, Margaret E. "Government Finance and Imposition of Serfdom After the Black Death." European Review of Economic History 27.2 (2023): 149-173. Roper, Lyndal. Summer of Fire and Blood: The German Peasants’ War (Basic Books, 2025). Wazer, Caroline. "Medieval Peasants Only Worked 150 Days Due to 'Frequent, Mandatory' Holidays?" Snopes.com [https://snopes.com/] (August 31, 2024). Last accessed: 3/28/2026. Wunderli, Richard. Peasant Fires: The Drummer of Niklashausen (Indiana University Press, 1992). Support this project: turningmodern.com/support [https://turningmodern.com/support]