Very Bad Wizards

David and Tamler share a few brief thoughts on the election and then raise some questions about Tucker Carlson being attacked by a demon as he slept in the woods with his wife and four dogs (still don’t believe in ghosts, people?). In the main segment we talk about one of the most popular measures in social psychology – the cognitive reflection test (CRT). Originally designed to identify differences in people’s ability to employ reflection (system 2) to override their initial intuition (system 1), this three-item measure has mushroomed into its own industry with researchers linking CRT scores to job performance, religious belief, conspiracy theorizing and more. But what psychological attribute is this test supposed to measure exactly, and how can we determine its validity? And has the dual process system 1/system 2 framework outlived its usefulness?  Tucker Carlson was totally mauled by a demon and not scratched by his dogs [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDIqoPKNhgo] [youtube.com] Frederick, S. (2005). Cognitive reflection and decision making. [https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/089533005775196732] Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4), 25-42. Blacksmith, N., Yang, Y., Ruark, G., & Behrend, T. (2018, July). A Validity Analysis of the Cognitive Reflection Test Using an Item-Response-Tree Model. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nikki-Blacksmith/publication/326284938_A_Validity_Analysis_of_the_Cognitive_Reflection_Test_Using_an_Item-Response-Tree_Model/links/5d5ac1f8a6fdcc55e8192f2d/A-Validity-Analysis-of-the-Cognitive-Reflection-Test-Using-an-Item-Response-Tree-Model.pdf] In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2018, No. 1, p. 18090). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management. Erceg, N., Galić, Z., & Ružojčić, M. (2020). A reflection on cognitive reflection–testing convergent/divergent validity of two measures of cognitive reflection. [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/judgment-and-decision-making/article/reflection-on-cognitive-reflection-testing-convergentdivergent-validity-of-two-measures-of-cognitive-reflection/C3EAFF6628EC678F4FF234967B95F665] Judgment and Decision making, 15(5), 741-755. Meyer, A., & Frederick, S. (2023). The formation and revision of intuitions. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010027723000148] Cognition, 240, 105380.

David and Tamler hop into their Scooby Van and drive into Tobe Hooper’s mad and macabre horror classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre.  How does this endlessly imitated movie still have the power to scare the shit out of people fifty years after its release? We talk about the sounds, smells, heat, and sweat (but not so much the blood) that pour out of the screen. And we dare to ask the question: are the Sawyers – a family of craftsmen and artists, committed to sustainability and fine dining – actually the victims here? Plus we take and fail a test to see if we can identify fake Republicans and Democrats.  Hart, M., & Nazarian, N. (2024) Season's mis-greetings: why timing matters in global academia. Nature. [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03245-0] Both Democrats and Republicans can pass the Ideological Turing Test [experimental-history.com] [https://www.experimental-history.com/p/ideological-turing-test] The Ideological Turing Test [ituringtest.com] [https://ituringtest.com] The Texas Chain Saw Massacre [wikipedia.org] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Texas_Chain_Saw_Massacre]

CD Broad called induction “the glory of science and the scandal of philosophy.” As a matter of habit, we’re all confident that the sun will rise tomorrow morning and that we can predict where the planets and stars will be tomorrow night. But what’s the rational justification for beliefs like this? According David Hume, there is none. Deductive justifications can’t give you new information about the world, and inductive justifications are circular, they beg the question. David and Tamler dive into the notorious problem of induction and some (failed?) attempts to offer a resolution. Plus, an article about toddlers and small children who seem to remember their past lives – what should we make of these reports? And is "remembering a past life" and "being possessed by the ghost of that person" a distinction without a difference? The Children Who Remember Past Lives [https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2024/05/02/children-past-lives/] [washington post.com] Ian Stevenson - criticisms [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Stevenson#Criticism] [wikipedia.org] The Problem of Induction [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/induction-problem/] [plato.stanford.edu] Salmon, W. C. (1978). Unfinished business: The problem of induction. Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 33(1), 1-19. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4319193.pdf?casa_token=kzeQDHKAHmgAAAAA:Db7P5IgWg4PDDU1-zNethuqUDf8W46D5ajMnOsxNsNCbPIiKalsP4vwEisIdvK2LFGUtgHnQrHpPjtf-UskG9YzlgM-kWPBmOQnfhhymeJ2AXtjist7A]

David and Tamler crawl up a riverbank, kiss the mud, and dream a discussion of Borges’ “The Circular Ruins.” We sort through various interpretations and allusions, the story as a metaphor for artistic creation, gnostic cosmology, solipsism, eternal recursion, and the unstable boundary between reality and illusion. How does Borges fit all of this and much more in a 5 page story? Plus, Scientific American endorses Kamala Harris – is that a big deal? We look at a study purporting to show that Nature’s Biden endorsement eroded trust in science among Trump supporters. Political endorsement by Nature and trust in scientific expertise during COVID-19 [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-023-01537-5.pdf] [nature.com] The Circular Ruins by Jorge Luis Borges [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Circular_Ruins] [wikipedia.org]

David and Tamler lead off with a breakdown of the new commercial for “friend (not imaginary)” a new AI necklace that takes hikes with you, interrupts your favorite shows, and will be there for your first kiss. Then we talk about a new paper co-authored by VBW favorite Joe Henrich that challenges cognitive science for pretending to be universal without offering evidence. A good discussion punctuated by David’s new theory of the rise of the autism. (TLDL the nerds are having sex).  Friend Reveal Trailer [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_Q1hoEhfk4] [youtube.com [https://youtube.com/]] Kroupin, I., Davis, H. E., & Henrich, J. (2024). Beyond Newton: Why assumptions of universality are critical to cognitive science, and how to finally move past them. [https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/sites/projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/culture_cognition_coevol_lab/files/beyond_newton.pdf] Psychological Review. [harvard.edu]