The Problem of Evil: Why God Allows Suffering

The Problem of Evil: Why God Allows Suffering

An innocent man, a burned fawn, and the hardest question ever asked of God. This episode follows the problem of evil from its oldest telling to its newest defenses. It begins with a man who loses everything in a single afternoon and refuses every easy explanation, then traces the great answers, evil as absence, the best of all possible worlds, and the earthquake and the novel that broke optimism's public standing. From there the argument sharpens into the twentieth century, a charge of outright contradiction, the celebrated defense that answered it, a theodicy of growing souls, and a dying fawn that changed the question from proof to evidence. The second half belongs to skeptical theism, the claim that human minds cannot survey the reasons a God might have, and to the objections that press it, moral paralysis, spreading doubt, horrendous evils, animal pain, and divine silence. The episode ends where the argument now stands, between a rock and a rope. Serious philosophy, told slowly and clearly, for listeners who want real ideas as they drift off. Please listen only in safe, restful contexts. SUPPORT THE SHOW Vote on what comes next: https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote [https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote] Becoming a member keeps these episodes coming and unlocks the members only library of exclusive book summary episodes, a growing shelf of great books read closely and explained in plain language. Subscribe: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/sleepyphilo/subscribe [https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/sleepyphilo/subscribe] (0:00:00) The Man on the Ash Heap (0:13:21) The Riddle (0:19:35) Evil as Absence (0:29:38) The Best of All Possible Worlds (0:41:30) The Morning Lisbon Fell (0:47:30) The Posthumous Bombshell (0:59:38) Returning the Ticket (1:09:32) After Auschwitz (1:15:50) Three Propositions (1:24:38) The Free Will Defense (1:38:34) The Vale of Soul-Making (1:48:13) The Fawn in the Forest (2:00:13) The Hypothesis of Indifference (2:06:36) The Parent and the Child (2:19:14) The Limits of Sight (2:28:21) The Moral Cost (2:39:46) The Skeptical Spiral (2:46:17) Horrendous Evils (2:57:45) Wandering in Darkness (3:06:50) Against Theodicy (3:13:13) Nature Red in Tooth and Claw (3:22:02) The Hidden God (3:28:57) The Rock and the Rope Sleepy Philosophy Radio makes longform, carefully researched philosophy written as a serious essay and paced for rest. All research and writing is done personally. Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com), licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License.

Akhmatova: The Poet Who Outlived the State

She answered terror with a poem too dangerous to write down, and the poem outlived the state that banned it. This episode follows Anna Akhmatova from a childhood in Pushkin's town outside Petersburg, through the cellar cabarets where a new Russian poetry was made, to the love lyrics that made her the most famous woman in Russian literature before she was thirty. Then the century turns. A husband is executed, a son is taken, and an unofficial ban erases her name from print for fifteen years. We trace how a banned poet composed her greatest work without ever writing it down, how a cycle of short poems became the memorial for a generation of the disappeared, and what it means to treat memory itself as a form of resistance. The episode ends among honors that arrived forty years late, a difficult masterpiece three decades in the making, and a bronze figure standing by a river, looking at a prison. Serious philosophy and serious history, told slowly and clearly, for listeners who want real ideas as they drift off. Please listen only in safe, restful contexts. SUPPORT THE SHOW Vote on what comes next: https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote [https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote] Becoming a member keeps these episodes coming and unlocks the members only library of exclusive book summary episodes, a growing shelf of great books read closely and explained in plain language. Subscribe: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/sleepyphilo/subscribe [https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/sleepyphilo/subscribe] (0:00:00) The Woman in the Queue (0:12:50) Pushkin's Town (0:18:51) The Unknown Italian (0:26:52) The Cellar of the Stray Dog (0:37:59) The Glove on the Wrong Hand (0:46:52) Anna of All the Russias (0:52:48) White Flock (0:59:58) The Voice She Refused (1:06:19) August Nineteen Twenty-One (1:16:59) The Unwritten Decade (1:24:58) Fountain House (1:31:14) The Mandelstams (1:40:45) Three Hundredth in Line (1:51:16) Hands, Matches, an Ashtray (1:59:57) Requiem (2:13:12) The Word as Witness (2:19:48) Courage (2:30:38) The Guest from the Future (2:38:41) Half Nun, Half Harlot (2:50:10) The Masquerade (2:59:27) The Box with the Triple Bottom (3:06:07) The Booth at Komarovo (3:15:10) The Monument by the Prison Sleepy Philosophy Radio makes longform, carefully researched philosophy written as a serious essay and paced for rest. All research and writing is done personally. Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com), licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License.

Wittgenstein, the Man Who Ended Philosophy Twice

The richest heir in Vienna gave everything away and kept only the hardest questions ever asked about language. Ludwig Wittgenstein was born into one of the wealthiest families in Europe and died telling his friends he had lived wonderfully, though almost nothing in between looks like happiness. This episode follows the whole arc: the palace in Vienna and the family tragedies, the flight from engineering into logic, the masterpiece written in the trenches of the First World War, and the lost decade he spent teaching village children after declaring philosophy finished. Then the return, the quiet unraveling of his own system, the language games and the forms of life, the beetle in the box, the duck and the rabbit, and the riverbed of certainty he was still mapping two days before the end. Along the way come Russell and Frege, the Vienna Circle's great misreading, Turing arguing about falling bridges, a disputed fireplace poker, and the deathbed sentence that frames it all. Serious philosophy, told slowly and clearly, for listeners who want real ideas as they drift off. Please listen only in safe, restful contexts. SUPPORT THE SHOW Vote on what comes next: https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote [https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote] Becoming a member keeps these episodes coming and unlocks the members only library of exclusive book summary episodes, a growing shelf of great books read closely and explained in plain language. Subscribe: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/sleepyphilo/subscribe [https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/sleepyphilo/subscribe] (0:00:00) A Wonderful Life (0:16:00) The Paradox That Broke Logic (0:23:00) The Book in the Rucksack (0:33:00) A Picture of the World (0:46:00) What Cannot Be Said (0:57:00) The End of Philosophy (1:03:00) The Lost Decade (1:12:00) The Great Misreading (1:19:00) The Return (1:32:00) Philosophy as Therapy (1:41:00) Language Games (1:55:00) Following the Rule (2:05:00) The Beetle in the Box (2:18:00) The Duck and the Rabbit (2:25:00) The Inner and the Outer (2:35:00) The Ceremonial Animal (2:42:00) Inventing Mathematics (2:52:00) The Riverbed (3:05:00) The Walls of the Cage (3:14:00) The Poker and the Confession (3:22:00) The Album (3:30:00) Light in the Darkness Sleepy Philosophy Radio makes longform, carefully researched philosophy written as a serious essay and paced for rest. All research and writing is done personally. Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com), licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License.

Aldous Huxley | The Prophet Who Predicted Our Modern World

Vote on what comes next: https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote The real danger was never the boot on the face. In this episode, we trace the full arc of Huxley's life and thought, beginning with the prophecy he delivered in Brave New World and ending with the afternoon of his death in Los Angeles on the day John F. Kennedy was shot. We follow him from Godalming to Eton, from the eye infection that nearly blinded him at sixteen to the satirical novels of the 1920s that made him the cleverest young writer in England. We enter Brave New World not as a plot to be summarized but as a philosophical argument about what humanity would sacrifice for comfort. We address, honestly, the famous comparison with Orwell, and we ask which of the two prophets has turned out to be more accurate for the liberal democracies of the twenty-first century. We follow Huxley through his turn toward pacifism in the 1930s, his move to California, his long engagement with the mystical traditions of East and West in The Perennial Philosophy, his mescaline experience of 1953 and the philosophical argument of The Doors of Perception, and his strange, ambitious last novel Island, in which he tried to imagine what a good civilization might actually look like. We close with his death, and with the question he leaves behind: in a world that offers infinite comfort and infinite distraction, what happens to the human capacity for meaning? Please listen only in safe, restful contexts. (0:00:00) The Last Warning (0:14:23) The Huxley Inheritance (0:28:47) The Satirist (0:43:08) Brave New World (0:57:06) Orwell Got It Half Right (1:12:30) The Pacifist (1:27:12) The Perennial Philosophy (1:42:15) The Doors of Perception (1:56:50) Island (2:11:55) The Prophet in the Desert SUGGESTED READING Aldous Huxley, Brave New World, Harper Perennial Modern Classics: https://amzn.to/4mRPRoe Aldous Huxley, The Doors of Perception and Heaven and Hell, Harper Perennial Modern Classics: https://amzn.to/4sTtBeM These are affiliate links. At no extra cost to you, I earn a small commission if you purchase through them. All research and writing is done personally. Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com), licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License. If this helped you rest, consider following Sleepy Philosophy Radio for more gentle, longform philosophy.

Blaise Pascal | The Mathematician Who Found God

Vote on what comes next: https://www.sleepyphilosophyradio.com/vote The man who proved that nature does not abhor a vacuum, and then wrote the most honest account ever given of why the universe terrifies us. Fall asleep to the complete philosophy of Blaise Pascal. Blaise Pascal lived only thirty-nine years, and in those years he changed mathematics, physics, probability theory, and the history of Western prose. But at the center of his life was a night in November of 1654 that he could never describe, only remember. After that night he turned from the world of scientific triumph toward a book he would never finish, a book about what it means to be a human being suspended between two infinites, looking for a God who chooses to remain hidden. This episode follows Pascal from the Paris household where he taught himself geometry in secret as a child to the small room in which he died at thirty-nine with the record of his conversion sewn into the lining of his coat. Three hours of gentle narration for deep rest. Please listen only in safe, restful contexts. (0:00:00) The Prodigy (0:17:02) The Calculator and the Vacuum (0:33:53) Probability and the Gambler (0:51:15) The Night of Fire (1:08:33) Port-Royal and the Jansenists (1:26:04) The Provincial Letters (1:43:42) The Pensees Take Shape (2:00:48) The Hidden God and the Wager (2:17:29) Reason and the Heart (2:34:12) The Thinking Reed SUGGESTED READING Blaise Pascal, Pensees, translated by A. J. Krailsheimer, Penguin Classics: https://amzn.to/4mQcqcE The Provincial Letters of Blaise Pascal: https://amzn.to/4sThlew These are affiliate links. At no extra cost to you, I earn a small commission if you purchase through them. All research and writing is done personally. Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com), licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License. If this helped you rest, consider following Sleepy Philosophy Radio for more gentle, longform philosophy.