Cuban Cimarrones: Maroon Communities of the Slave Era

Cuban Cimarrones: Maroon Communities of the Slave Era

Before the Aponte Rebellion and long after, enslaved Africans in Cuba escaped bondage to form autonomous settlements known as palenques. This episode traces the history of cimarrones (runaway slaves) and their fight for freedom in the mountains and forests of eastern Cuba. We explore the rise of legendary palenque leaders like Ventura Sánchez and Juan Congo, the brutal slave-hunting expeditions known as 'rancheadores,' and the legal battles over marronage. We examine how these communities preserved African traditions, built defensive fortifications, and created independent economies. The episode also looks at the 1790s conspiracy known as the Conspiración de la Escalera (Ladder Conspiracy) and its connection to fears of maroon uprisings. Discover how the legacy of cimarrones shaped Cuban identity and resistance long before the formal abolition of slavery. #CubaSlaveTrade #MaroonHistory #Palenque #Cimarrones #AfricanDiaspora #CubanHistory #SlaveryResistance #Rancheadores #VenturaSanchez #JuanCongo #ConspiraciónDeLaEscalera #Havana #SantiagoDeCuba #18thCentury #19thCentury #ColonialCuba #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The 1838 Brazilian Quilombo of Manoel Congo

In 1838, a slave revolt in Brazil's coffee-growing Paraíba Valley led to the formation of a short-lived quilombo led by Manoel Congo, a literate African-born slave. This episode explores the uprising at the Freguesia de Paty do Alferes, the brutal reprisals that followed, and the complex legal and social dynamics of Brazilian slavery in the twilight of the Atlantic slave trade. We examine Manoel Congo's leadership, the role of enslaved women like Marianna Crioula, and the trial that ended with his public execution. Unlike Revolt: Common Ground — a book that framed the event as a foundational myth of Brazilian resistance — we focus on the historical record: court documents, newspaper accounts, and the landscape of coffee slavery. We also discuss the 'Palmácia' quilombo that survived for decades after the revolt was crushed. This episode reframes a little-known but pivotal event in the long history of slave resistance in the Americas. #ManoelCongo #BrazilianSlavery #Quilombo #PatyDoAlferes #CoffeeSlavery #SlaveRevolt #ParaíbaValley #MariannaCrioula #1838 #BrazilianEmpire #Abolition #AtlanticSlaveTrade #Resistance #History #FexingoHistory #SlaveAgency #LatinAmerica #Slavery Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Abolitionist Who Infiltrated a Slave Ship: James Field Stanfield

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the little-known story of James Field Stanfield — a former sailor turned abolitionist who published the first detailed eyewitness account of the Middle Passage from the perspective of a crew member. Stanfield served on slave ships in the 1770s, including the voyage of the Zong, and later wrote 'Observations on a Guinea Voyage' (1788), a searing indictment of the trade that influenced Thomas Clarkson and William Wilberforce. We discuss the brutal conditions documented by Stanfield, the controversy over his claims, how his graphic descriptions of slave suffering were weaponized in Parliament, and why he has been overshadowed by Olaudah Equiano and Granville Sharp. We also compare Stanfield's account with the official logs of slave ship captains to reveal the gap between record-keeping and reality. This episode offers a unique working-class white voice in the abolitionist movement, showing how firsthand testimony from both enslaved and crew members dismantled the slave trade's defenders. #JamesFieldStanfield #MiddlePassage #SlaveShip #Abolition #Zong #ThomasClarkson #WilliamWilberforce #ObservationsOnAGuineaVoyage #RoyalAfricanCompany #Liverpool #BritishSlaveTrade #AbolitionMovement #EyewitnessAccount #WorkingClassHistory #MaritimeHistory #History #FexingoHistory #TransatlanticSlaveTrade Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Middle Passage: Below Decks on a Slave Ship

In this episode of The Atlantic Slave Trade, Lucas and Luna descend into the hellish reality of the Middle Passage. Drawing on slave ship logs, surgeon's journals, and the testimony of Olaudah Equiano, they explore the brutal logistics of human cargo: how captains packed their holds, the arithmetic of profit and cruelty, the constant threat of disease and rebellion, and the psychological terror that defined the crossing. They examine the slave ship Brookes diagram that shocked Britain, the infamous roll of the slave ship Zong, and the little-known 1734 slave revolt aboard the Rhode Island sloop Little George. Lucas explains why the slave ship was a factory designed to break the will, and how enslaved people found ways to resist in the most constrained space imaginable. This episode offers a granular look at the central horror of the Atlantic slave trade — the Atlantic crossing itself. #MiddlePassage #SlaveShip #AtlanticSlaveTrade #OlaudahEquiano #BrookesDiagram #ZongMassacre #LittleGeorge #SlaveRevoltAtSea #ThomasClarkson #SlaveShipLogistics #18thCentury #History #FexingoHistory #Resistance #Disease #HumanCargo #Abolition #WorldHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The 1781 Zong Massacre: Insurance Fraud and the Calculus of Cruelty

In this episode of The Atlantic Slave Trade: Empire Built on Human Suffering, Lucas and Luna examine the 1781 Zong massacre — not as a random act of brutality but as a cold insurance calculation. The slave ship Zong, overcrowded and off-course, saw 133 enslaved Africans thrown alive into the sea so that the ship's owners could claim insurance for 'lost cargo.' When the case reached London courts, Lord Mansfield ruled on property law, not murder. Lucas unpacks the voyage's chronology: Captain Luke Collingwood's decision, the crew's testimony, the legal arguments over jettison and 'perils of the sea.' He connects the Zong to the growing British abolition movement, explaining how Granville Sharp used the case to galvanise public outrage. The episode explores the specific legal doctrine of 'general average' as applied to enslaved people, and how this atrocity, stripped of euphemism, became a rallying cry for abolitionists like Equiano and Clarkson. Listeners will learn about the Gregson v. Gilbert insurance case, the role of the Liverpool slave trade syndicates, and the grisly arithmetic that priced human life at thirty pounds per head. #ZongMassacre #SlaveShipZong #LukeCollingwood #GranvilleSharp #LordMansfield #GeneralAverage #InsuranceFraud #AtlanticSlaveTrade #AbolitionMovement #MiddlePassage #LiverpoolSlaveTrade #GregsonvGilbert #OlaudahEquiano #ThomasClarkson #1781 #History #FexingoHistory #PowerfulHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]