The 1895-96 Hamidian Massacres: Armenia's Pre-Genocide Warning

The Armenian Church: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the spiritual heart of Armenia: the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin. From its founding by Gregory the Illuminator in 301 AD to its role as the seat of the Armenian Apostolic Church, they discuss the cathedral's architecture, the significance of the Etchmiadzin Cathedral, the Holy Lance (Geghard), and the Katedral of St. Gregory the Illuminator in Yerevan. They touch on the church's survival under Persian, Arab, Mongol, Ottoman, and Soviet rule, including the 20th-century persecution under Stalin. The conversation also covers the role of the Catholicos, including modern figures like Vazgen I and Karekin II, and the ongoing importance of Etchmiadzin as a symbol of Armenian identity. Key terms: Etchmiadzin, Vagharshapat, Geghard, Holy Lance, Tiridates III, Gregory the Illuminator, Armenian Apostolic Church, Catholicos, Vazgen I, Karekin II. #ArmenianChurch #Etchmiadzin #MotherSee #HolyEtchmiadzin #GregoryTheIlluminator #ArmenianApostolic #Catholicos #Vagharshapat #Geghard #HolyLance #TiridatesIII #ArmenianHistory #Christianity #Caucasus #SovietPersecution #VazgenI #KarekinII #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The 1895-96 Hamidian Massacres: Armenia's Pre-Genocide Warning

Before the 1915 Armenian Genocide, there was a brutal dress rehearsal: the Hamidian Massacres of 1895-96. Under Sultan Abdul Hamid II, Ottoman authorities, Kurdish irregulars, and the infamous Hamidiye regiments slaughtered an estimated 100,000 to 300,000 Armenians across the empire. This episode of The Story of Armenia examines the causes, the international outcry, the role of figures like the British ambassador Sir Philip Currie and the missionary William Sachtleben, and why the massacres failed to prevent the later genocide. Lucas and Luna discuss the Sasun resistance of 1894, the Zeytun uprising, the August 1896 occupation of the Ottoman Bank in Constantinople by the Dashnaks, and the legacy of impunity that followed. A crucial chapter in the Armenian experience of Ottoman rule, and a warning ignored by the world. #HamidianMassacres #SultanAbdulHamidII #ArmenianGenocide #SasunResistance #ZeytunUprising #OttomanBankOccupation #Dashnaktsutyun #HamidiyeRegiments #1895Massacres #OttomanArmenians #SirPhilipCurrie #WilliamSachtleben #CaucasusHistory #OttomanEmpire #ArmenianHistory #History #FexingoHistory #GenocidePrevention Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Battle of Bash Abaran: Armenia's Other Last Stand

In May 1918, as the Ottoman army rolled toward Yerevan, three battles determined whether the Armenian republic would be born or strangled in its cradle. Sardarabad gets the glory, but Bash Abaran — the middle engagement, fought in a muddy mountain pass just thirty miles outside the city — was just as desperate. This episode follows the barely-armed Armenian militia, the Ottoman 9th Army under Yakub Shevki Pasha, and the strange cavalry charge that turned the tide. We also look at how Bash Abaran has been remembered (and sometimes forgotten) in Armenian history, and what it meant for the survival of the First Republic. #BashAbaran #1918 #FirstRepublicOfArmenia #OttomanEmpire #YakubShevkiPasha #DrastamatKanayan #ArmenianMilitia #MayHeroicBattle #CaucasusCampaign #WorldWarI #ArmenianGenocide #Sardarabad #Karakilisa #Yerevan #Transcaucasus #History #FexingoHistory #ArmenianHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

Tatev Monastery: Armenia's Silk Road Fortress of Faith

High in the mountains of Syunik, the Tatev Monastery stands as both a spiritual sanctuary and a fortress of Armenian identity. This episode explores how a 9th-century monastic complex became a center of learning, a manuscript production hub, and a Silk Road beacon. We trace its foundation by the Bagratid dynasty, its role during the Zangezur resistance in the 1920s, and the survival of its famous Gavazan column — a swinging pillar that still baffles engineers. Along the way, we meet the monk Grigor Tatevatsi, whose 14th-century writings shaped Armenian theology, and we wade into the controversy over UNESCO's recognition of the site. For anyone who has followed the story of Armenia through its empires and its genocide, Tatev is a stone-and-mortar testament to endurance — a place where faith and nationhood are carved into the same cliff. #TatevMonastery #Syunik #Zangezur #Bagratid #GrigorTatevatsi #Gavazan #SilkRoad #ArmenianChurch #GrigorNarekatsi #MedievalArmenia #Manuscripts #UNESCO #Caucasus #History #FexingoHistory #Armenia #Monastery #Architecture Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Armenian Cross-Stones: Sacred Art of a Nation

Episode 172 of The Story of Armenia explores the ancient tradition of khachkars — the intricately carved cross-stones that have served as Armenia's spiritual and cultural markers for over a millennium. Lucas and Luna trace the origins of these stone masterpieces from their pre-Christian roots through their golden age in the medieval kingdom of Ani, examining how they survived Mongol invasions, Safavid destruction, and Soviet neglect. They focus on the unique iconography — the rosettes, grapevines, and geometric patterns that blend Christian symbolism with older Armenian motifs — and tell the story of the master carvers who passed their art down through generations. The episode also covers the threat khachkars faced during the 1918 Armenian retreat and the Nakhichevan genocide of the 1990s, when thousands were destroyed by Azerbaijani authorities. Finally, they highlight UNESCO's recognition of khachkar art as Intangible Cultural Heritage and the modern revival of the craft in Yerevan and Stepanakert. #Khachkar #Armenia #Caucasus #CrossStones #MedievalArt #UNESCO #Ani #Nakhichevan #Jugha #MovsesKhorenatsi #Bagratid #ChristianIconography #StoneCarving #HeritageDestruction #IntangibleHeritage #History #FexingoHistory #Podcast Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]