Say the word, do the motion
Dena Mariano has spent 27 years teaching in our schools, but she is still finding new ways to grow.
This year, in her first grade classroom at Shining Mountain Elementary, she has seven multilingual students in her classroom. These are students who are learning English, on top of learning the curriculum. It sounds like a heavy lift for a six-year-old. Enter Brianna Kangas, the school’s multilingual education teacher.
"Being multilingual is such a superpower,” Kangas said. "There's different neural pathways that are strengthened and created when you are acquiring and learning another language, and so it just makes your brain super, super strong.”
To help the multilingual students unlock those superpowers, Kangas and Mariano are using Total Physical Response (TPR) to turn new vocabulary words into actions. A familiar phrase that echoes throughout the classroom describes it well, "Say the word and do the motion!"
TPR is not American Sign Language. Kangas and Mariano co-plan their lessons and determine which vocabulary words will get the TPR treatment. Putting an invisible crown on your head is used for the word “British.” For the word “country” students pretend to plant a flag in the ground.
This allows first graders, some of whom are still learning English, to define and understand concepts as broad as American Independence, and to get hands on with events like the Boston Tea Party.
When students learn the word "government," there is a gesture. When they say "independence," there is a movement.
“Recently, I got a new student who is a newcomer to the United States and on day one he was able to participate in our lesson through the use of those hand gestures,” said Mariano.
And the strategy works whether you’re a native English speaker or not.
“When you pair a motion with a vocabulary word, when you're saying something at the same time your body's doing something, there's something that happens in your brain that's going to help you remember and connect that word," Kangas said.
In other words, every student is benefiting. And the impact continues as those vocabulary words become essays. As students lean over their papers, their free hands often form the gestures they learned earlier that morning. They are rehearsing their sentences before committing the words to paper.
“You'll see them doing the hand motions as they write, to help them recall that vocabulary,” said Mariano. ”They can really just focus in on the mechanics of writing.”
Kangas co-teachers with Mariano for one period a day. Their partnership is helping students to build the academic language they need to thrive.
And in this classroom, students are learning with their voices, their hands, and their hearts.