Under the Mat: A Dark History Podcast

Episode 40: The Butterbox Babies

* Allen, C. (2010). Butterbox baby searching for her mom. Saltwire. https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/butterbox-baby-searching-for-her-mom-114603 [https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/butterbox-baby-searching-for-her-mom-114603] * Balcom, K. (n.d.). Scandal and Social Policy: The Ideal Maternity Home and the Evolution of Social Policy in Nova Scotia, 1940–1951. McMaster University. https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/acadiensis/article/view/10719/11433 [https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/acadiensis/article/view/10719/11433] * Cahill, B. (1992). Butterbox Babies: Baby sales, baby deaths, and the scandalous story of the Ideal Maternity Home. Seal Books. * Canadian Children’s Rights Council. (n.d.). The Ideal Maternity Home: Butterbox Babies. https://canadiancrc.com/Butterbox-Babies_Killers-Child-Trafficking-Canada/Butterbox-Babies-Baby-killers-child-trafficking-selling-babies-Canada-adoption-story.aspx [https://canadiancrc.com/Butterbox-Babies_Killers-Child-Trafficking-Canada/Butterbox-Babies-Baby-killers-child-trafficking-selling-babies-Canada-adoption-story.aspx] * Edwards, D. (n.d.). The East Chester Ideal Maternity Home. https://fairviewhistoricalsociety.ca/the-east-chester-ideal-maternity-home/Fairview Historical Society. https://fairviewhistoricalsociety.ca/the-east-chester-ideal-maternity-home/ [https://fairviewhistoricalsociety.ca/the-east-chester-ideal-maternity-home/] * O’Neill, H. (1999). Six Decades of Hope for a Daughter Who Disappeared. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-apr-11-mn-26314-story.html [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-apr-11-mn-26314-story.html] * Parsons, K. (2016). 'Butterbox babies' maternity home survivors still search for birth families. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/ideal-maternity-home-butterbox-babies-family-search-1.3875973CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/ideal-maternity-home-butterbox-babies-family-search-1.3875973 [https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/ideal-maternity-home-butterbox-babies-family-search-1.3875973] ---------------------------------------- Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy [https://acast.com/privacy] for more information.

Episode 39: The Somalia Affair

* Amad, A. (2018). Remembering the ‘Somalia Affair,’ Canada's Forgotten Abu Ghraib Moment. https://www.vice.com/en/article/remembering-the-somalia-affair-canadas-forgotten-abu-ghraib-moment/Vice. https://www.vice.com/en/article/remembering-the-somalia-affair-canadas-forgotten-abu-ghraib-moment/ [https://www.vice.com/en/article/remembering-the-somalia-affair-canadas-forgotten-abu-ghraib-moment/] * Department of National Defence. (2018). International Operation: UNOSOM I. https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/past-operations/africa/cordon.html [https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/past-operations/africa/cordon.html] * Foot, R. (2019). Canadian Peacekeepers in Somalia. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-peacekeepers-in-somaliaThe Canadian Encyclopedia. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-peacekeepers-in-somalia [https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-peacekeepers-in-somalia] * Foot, R. (2018). Somalia Affair. The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/somalia-affair [https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/somalia-affair] * Gerster, J. (2013). Experts wonder if military remembers lessons from Somalia affair. https://www.timescolonist.com/national-news/experts-wonder-if-military-remembers-lessons-from-somalia-affair-4582354Times Colonist. https://www.timescolonist.com/national-news/experts-wonder-if-military-remembers-lessons-from-somalia-affair-4582354 [https://www.timescolonist.com/national-news/experts-wonder-if-military-remembers-lessons-from-somalia-affair-4582354] * Knaus, C. (2020). War crimes: former minister reveals why Canada disbanded its special airborne force after scandal. https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/dec/03/war-crimes-former-minister-reveals-why-canada-disbanded-its-special-forces-after-scandalThe Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/dec/03/war-crimes-former-minister-reveals-why-canada-disbanded-its-special-forces-after-scandal [https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/dec/03/war-crimes-former-minister-reveals-why-canada-disbanded-its-special-forces-after-scandal] * Lazzarino, D. (2013). The Canadian Airborne Regiment's Somali Affair, 20 years later. https://edmontonsun.com/2013/03/15/the-canadian-airborne-regiments-somali-affair-20-years-laterEdmonton Sun. https://edmontonsun.com/2013/03/15/the-canadian-airborne-regiments-somali-affair-20-years-later [https://edmontonsun.com/2013/03/15/the-canadian-airborne-regiments-somali-affair-20-years-later] * Postmedia News. (2020). Look Back: 25 years since Somalia affair stained Canada’s reputation. Toronto Sun. https://torontosun.com/news/national/look-back-25-years-since-scandal-led-to-airborne-regiment-being-disbanded [https://torontosun.com/news/national/look-back-25-years-since-scandal-led-to-airborne-regiment-being-disbanded] * Pratt, S. (2016). Life After Somalia: Kyle Brown, PTSD and the past. https://edmontonjournal.com/news/insight/life-after-somalia-kyle-brown-ptsd-and-the-pastEdmonton Journal. https://edmontonjournal.com/news/insight/life-after-somalia-kyle-brown-ptsd-and-the-past [https://edmontonjournal.com/news/insight/life-after-somalia-kyle-brown-ptsd-and-the-past] * Smol, R. (2010). A lament for the Canadian Airborne. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/a-lament-for-the-canadian-airborne-1.931658CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/a-lament-for-the-canadian-airborne-1.931658 [https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/a-lament-for-the-canadian-airborne-1.931658] * Wilson-Smith, A., Demont, J., & Fisher, L. (2003). Somalia Inquiry's Damning Report. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/somalia-inquirys-damning-reportThe Canadian Encyclopedia. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/somalia-inquirys-damning-report [https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/somalia-inquirys-damning-report] ---------------------------------------- Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy [https://acast.com/privacy] for more information.

Episode 38: The Soviet Gulag System

* Alexopoulous, G. (2017). Sick Labor: Illness and Treatment in Stalin's Gulags. https://yalebooks.yale.edu/2017/05/05/sick-labor-illness-and-treatment-in-stalins-gulags/Yale Books. https://yalebooks.yale.edu/2017/05/05/sick-labor-illness-and-treatment-in-stalins-gulags/ [https://yalebooks.yale.edu/2017/05/05/sick-labor-illness-and-treatment-in-stalins-gulags/] * Applebaum, A. (2003). Gulag: A History. Doubleday. * Bauer, B. (2005). Gulag: Life Inside. Hoover Institution. https://www.hoover.org/research/gulag-life-inside [https://www.hoover.org/research/gulag-life-inside] * Britannica. (2024). Gulag. https://www.britannica.com/place/Gulag [https://www.britannica.com/place/Gulag] * Britannica. (2024). The Gulag Archipelago. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Gulag-Archipelago [https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Gulag-Archipelago] * Buder, E. (2020). The Truth About Stalin’s Prison Camps. https://www.theatlantic.com/video/index/607546/gulag-stories-russia/The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/video/index/607546/gulag-stories-russia/ [https://www.theatlantic.com/video/index/607546/gulag-stories-russia/] * Chicago Public Library. (n.d.). The Gulag. https://www.chipublib.org/the-gulag/ [https://www.chipublib.org/the-gulag/] * Filimonov, A. & Coalson, R. (2018). Cannibal Island: In 1933, Nearly 5,000 Died In One Of Stalin’s Most Horrific Labor Camps. https://www.rferl.org/a/cannibal-island-in-1933-nearly-5-000-died-in-one-of-stalin-s-most-horrific-labor-camps/29341167.htmlRadio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. https://www.rferl.org/a/cannibal-island-in-1933-nearly-5-000-died-in-one-of-stalin-s-most-horrific-labor-camps/29341167.html [https://www.rferl.org/a/cannibal-island-in-1933-nearly-5-000-died-in-one-of-stalin-s-most-horrific-labor-camps/29341167.html] * Gulag History Museum. (n.d.). Online Exhibit. George Mason University. https://gulaghistory.org/nps/onlineexhibit/stalin/index.html [https://gulaghistory.org/nps/onlineexhibit/stalin/index.html] * Gullotta, A. (2020). Russia and the Gulag: Putin is fighting for state control over how Soviet horrors are remembered. https://theconversation.com/russia-and-the-gulag-putin-is-fighting-for-state-control-over-how-soviet-horrors-are-remembered-142438The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/russia-and-the-gulag-putin-is-fighting-for-state-control-over-how-soviet-horrors-are-remembered-142438 [https://theconversation.com/russia-and-the-gulag-putin-is-fighting-for-state-control-over-how-soviet-horrors-are-remembered-142438] * History.com Editors. (2024). Gulag. https://www.history.com/articles/gulag [https://www.history.com/articles/gulag] * Johnson, E. (2017). In letters from Stalin's labor camps, a window into Soviet political oppression. https://theconversation.com/in-letters-from-stalins-labor-camps-a-window-into-soviet-political-oppression-71135The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/in-letters-from-stalins-labor-camps-a-window-into-soviet-political-oppression-71135 [https://theconversation.com/in-letters-from-stalins-labor-camps-a-window-into-soviet-political-oppression-71135] * King's College London. (2021). How victims of Soviet-era Gulags are shaping prosperity. https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/how-victims-of-soviet-era-gulags-are-shaping-prosperity [https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/how-victims-of-soviet-era-gulags-are-shaping-prosperity] * Luxmoore, M. (2021). Above the Arctic Circle, A Soviet-Era Metropolis Battles A ‘Drawn-Out Death’. https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-vorkuta-soviet-mining-abandoned-gulag-arctic-exodus/31196830.htmlRadio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-vorkuta-soviet-mining-abandoned-gulag-arctic-exodus/31196830.html [https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-vorkuta-soviet-mining-abandoned-gulag-arctic-exodus/31196830.html] * Satter, D. (2007). The Soviet Gulag. Foreign Policy Research Institute.  https://www.fpri.org/article/2007/06/the-soviet-gulag/ [https://www.fpri.org/article/2007/06/the-soviet-gulag/] * Wizevich, E.. (2024). Discover the Story Behind a Legendary Exposé of the Brutality of the Soviet Union. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/discover-the-story-behind-a-legendary-expose-of-the-brutality-of-the-soviet-union-180985658/Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/discover-the-story-behind-a-legendary-expose-of-the-brutality-of-the-soviet-union-180985658/ [https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/discover-the-story-behind-a-legendary-expose-of-the-brutality-of-the-soviet-union-180985658/] * Zgustova, M. (2020). Dressed for a Dance in the Snow: Women's Voices from the Gulag. Other Press. * Zgustova, M. (2020). What I Learned About Beauty by Interviewing Women Who’d Been Prisoners of the Soviet Gulag. Time. https://time.com/5776803/women-gulag-history/ [https://time.com/5776803/women-gulag-history/] ---------------------------------------- Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy [https://acast.com/privacy] for more information.

Episode 37: The Halifax Explosion

* Britannica. (2026). Halifax explosion. https://www.britannica.com/event/Halifax-explosion [https://www.britannica.com/event/Halifax-explosion] * Commonwealth War Graves Commission. The Halifax Explosion, 105 Years On. https://www.cwgc.org/our-work/blog/the-halifax-explosion-105-years-on/ [https://www.cwgc.org/our-work/blog/the-halifax-explosion-105-years-on/] * Ingram, K. (2020). Remembering the Halifax Explosion. The Walrus. https://thewalrus.ca/remembering-the-halifax-explosion/ [https://thewalrus.ca/remembering-the-halifax-explosion/] * Kernaghan, L. & Foot, R. (2025). Halifax Explosion. The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/halifax-explosion [https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/halifax-explosion] * MacDonald, M. (2017). The Halifax Explosion: Birth of Canadian Red Cross Disaster Response. Canadian Red Cross.  https://www.redcross.ca/blog/2017/12/the-halifax-explosion-birth-of-canadian-red-cross-disaster-response [https://www.redcross.ca/blog/2017/12/the-halifax-explosion-birth-of-canadian-red-cross-disaster-response] * Marcott, M. (2017). Exploring the aftermath of the Halifax Explosion a century later. Dalhousie University. https://www.dal.ca/news/2017/10/19/exploring-the-halifax-explosion--100-years-later.html [https://www.dal.ca/news/2017/10/19/exploring-the-halifax-explosion--100-years-later.html] * Tattrie, J. (2024). The Halifax Explosion and the CNIB.  The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-halifax-explosion-and-the-cnib [https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-halifax-explosion-and-the-cnib] * Woodbury, R. (2025). Some Halifax Explosion artifacts pulled from the harbour will have a new home. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/halifax-explosion-artifacts-mont-blanc-9.6996705 [https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/halifax-explosion-artifacts-mont-blanc-9.6996705] ---------------------------------------- Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy [https://acast.com/privacy] for more information.

Episode 36: The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster

* Britannica. (2024). Chernobyl Disaster. https://www.britannica.com/event/Chernobyl-disaster [https://www.britannica.com/event/Chernobyl-disaster] * Briggs, H. (2019). Will We Ever Know Chernobyl's True Death Toll? BBC Future. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190725-will-we-ever-know-chernobyls-true-death-toll [https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190725-will-we-ever-know-chernobyls-true-death-toll] * Galán-Madruga, D. et al. (2019). Chernobyl Has Become a Refuge for Wildlife 33 Years After the Nuclear Accident. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/chernobyl-has-become-a-refuge-for-wildlife-33-years-after-the-nuclear-accident-116303 [https://theconversation.com/chernobyl-has-become-a-refuge-for-wildlife-33-years-after-the-nuclear-accident-116303] * Gessen, M. (2019). What HBO's Chernobyl Got Right — and What It Got Terribly Wrong. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/what-hbos-chernobyl-got-right-and-what-it-got-terribly-wrong [https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/what-hbos-chernobyl-got-right-and-what-it-got-terribly-wrong] * International Atomic Energy Agency. (2024). Chernobyl FAQs. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl/faqs [https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl/faqs] * NATO Association of Canada. (2019). Hiding Truth at All Costs: Revisiting the Chernobyl Disaster. https://natoassociation.ca/hiding-truth-at-all-costs-revisiting-the-chernobyl-disaster/ [https://natoassociation.ca/hiding-truth-at-all-costs-revisiting-the-chernobyl-disaster/] * OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. (n.d.). Chernobyl: The Site and Accident Sequence. https://www.oecd-nea.org/jcms/pl_28271/chernobyl-chapter-i-the-site-and-accident-sequence [https://www.oecd-nea.org/jcms/pl_28271/chernobyl-chapter-i-the-site-and-accident-sequence] * United Nations. (n.d.). International Chernobyl Disaster Remembrance Day. https://www.un.org/en/observances/chernobyl-remembrance-day [https://www.un.org/en/observances/chernobyl-remembrance-day] * UN Environment Programme. (n.d.). How Chernobyl Has Become an Unexpected Haven for Wildlife. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/how-chernobyl-has-become-unexpected-haven-wildlife [https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/how-chernobyl-has-become-unexpected-haven-wildlife] * United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. (n.d.). Chernobyl. https://www.unscear.org/unscear/en/areas-of-work/chernobyl.html [https://www.unscear.org/unscear/en/areas-of-work/chernobyl.html] * Willsher, K. (2019). Chernobyl Was Even Worse Than the TV Series. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/16/chernobyl-was-even-worse-than-tv-series-kim-willsher [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/16/chernobyl-was-even-worse-than-tv-series-kim-willsher] * World Nuclear Association. (2024). Chernobyl Accident. https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/chernobyl-accident [https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/chernobyl-accident] ---------------------------------------- Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy [https://acast.com/privacy] for more information.