Heal NPD

In this Weekly Insight, Dr. Ettensohn examines the rise of moral panic within contemporary discourse about narcissism, particularly how popular online narratives have transformed psychological terms into tools of moral judgment. In this Weekly Insight, Dr. Ettensohn examines the rise of moral panic within contemporary discourse about narcissism, particularly how popular online narratives have transformed psychological terms into tools of moral judgment. Using a recent online interaction as a jumping-off point, the video traces how disagreement is increasingly reframed as harm, and how nuanced discussions of narcissistic personality structure are met with accusations of abuse, gaslighting, or complicity. Drawing on Stanley Cohen’s original criteria for moral panic, and placing current trends alongside historical examples such as witch hunts, McCarthyism, and the Satanic Panic, Dr. Ettensohn contextualizes the intense emotional reactions that now dominate conversations about NPD. The video explores how stigma, stereotypes, and moral binaries are amplified online, creating a culture in which appeals to complexity and humanity have become taboo. It also considers the communal function of scapegoating within current narratives about narcissism. This video offers a clinically grounded, sociologically informed framework for understanding what happens when trauma discourse is overtaken by lurid sensationalism and moral panic, and why the path toward healing lies in reclaiming psychological depth, complexity, and humanization.

Link to episode 1 in this series, on psychotic-level NPD: https://youtu.be/IoxUCbNUJUE [https://youtu.be/IoxUCbNUJUE] Link to episode 2 in this series, on borderline-level NPD: https://youtu.be/Oz-C503q_9Y [https://youtu.be/Oz-C503q_9Y] Link to part 1 of episode 3 in this series: https://youtu.be/vUsnambadIE [https://youtu.be/vUsnambadIE] This is the third episode of a four-episode series describing the narcissistic personality style across different levels of severity. Due to the length of the material, this episode has been divided into three parts. This is part two. In this part, Dr. Ettensohn explores the emotional consequences of the developmental shift from borderline to neurotic-level personality organization. While borderline-level defenses aim to ward off annihilation through splitting, projection, and omnipotence, neurotic-level functioning introduces new emotional burdens: grief, guilt, and the realization that some losses cannot be undone. Drawing on psychoanalytic theories of the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions, this episode examines how individuals begin to internalize the reality of separate minds, enduring subjects, and the permanence of emotional injury. These capacities open the door to deeper love, mutuality, and ethical concern—but also to sorrow, remorse, and longing. Dr. Ettensohn also outlines the core developmental conditions that support this shift, including “good enough” relational experiences that enable ambivalence to be tolerated and meaning to be preserved across time. Finally, the episode offers concrete strategies for strengthening neurotic-level integration and functioning, both in therapy and in everyday life. References: Bollas, C. (1987). The shadow of the object: Psychoanalysis of the unthought known. Columbia University Press. Gabbard, G. O., & Wilkinson, S. M. (1994). Management of countertransference with borderline patients. American Psychiatric Publishing. Johnson, S. M. (1987). Characterological change: The hard work miracle. W. W. Norton. Klein, M. (1946). Notes on some schizoid mechanisms. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 27, 99–110. Linehan, M. M. (2015). DBT skills training manual (2nd ed.). Guilford Press. Winnicott, D. W. (1949). Hate in the counter-transference. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 30, 69–74. Winnicott, D. W. (1965). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development. International Universities Press.

Link to episode 1 in this series, on psychotic-level NPD: https://youtu.be/IoxUCbNUJUE [https://youtu.be/IoxUCbNUJUE] Link to episode 2 in this series, on borderline-level NPD: https://youtu.be/Oz-C503q_9Y [https://youtu.be/Oz-C503q_9Y] This is the third episode of a four-episode series describing the narcissistic personality style across different levels of severity. Due to the length of the material, this episode has been divided into three parts. This is part one. In this part, Dr. Ettensohn explores the developmental shift from borderline to neurotic-level personality organization, and how this shift transforms the inner life of individuals with narcissistic traits. Part one serves as a conceptual bridge—reviewing core ideas from earlier episodes while highlighting the emergence of psychological capacities that make neurotic-level functioning possible. These include the ability to maintain a continuous sense of self, to recognize others as enduring subjects, and to experience ambivalence, guilt, and loss without fragmentation. Through the lens of psychoanalytic developmental theory, Dr. Ettensohn illustrates how this shift brings with it new emotional burdens: the capacity to grieve, to feel remorse, and to live with an awareness of history. This part introduces the foundational concepts of subjectivity and historicity, which will be explored in greater depth in parts two and three. References: Kernberg, O. F. (1984). Severe personality disorders: Psychotherapeutic strategies. Yale University Press. Ogden, T. H. (1986). The matrix of the mind: Object relations and the psychoanalytic dialogue. International Universities Press. Ogden, T. H. (1989). The primitive edge of experience. Jason Aronson. Winnicott, D. W. (1965). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development. International Universities Press.

In this video, Dr. Ettensohn examines the growing claim that Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is almost entirely genetic, offering a critical, clinically grounded reflection on what the current science actually supports—and where it falls short. He discusses how genetic contributions to personality traits are often misunderstood, and why claims of “hardwired narcissism” oversimplify a profoundly complex developmental process. Drawing from empirical research, neurodevelopmental theory, and clinical observation, Dr. Ettensohn explores how narcissistic pathology emerges not simply from temperament, but from early relational experiences—especially chronic emotional neglect, inconsistent attunement, and conditional regard. He addresses how brain plasticity, diagnostic controversies, and the misunderstood vulnerable core of NPD further complicate the genetic narrative. This video offers a nuanced perspective for anyone seeking to understand NPD beyond reductive models, emphasizing the importance of relational context, developmental history, and psychological depth. References: Brummelman, E., Thomaes, S., Nelemans, S. A., Orobio de Castro, B., Overbeek, G., & Bushman, B. J. (2015). Origins of narcissism in children. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(12), 3659–3662. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420870112 [https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420870112] Chen, Y., Jiang, X., Sun, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). Neuroanatomical markers of social cognition in neglected adolescents. NeuroImage: Clinical, 38, 103501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103501 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103501] Gatz, M., Reynolds, C. A., Fratiglioni, L., Johansson, B., Mortimer, J. A., Berg, S., & Pedersen, N. L. (2006). Role of genes and environments for explaining Alzheimer disease. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(2), 168–174. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.168 [https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.2.168] Horton, R. S., Bleau, G., & Drwecki, B. (2006). Parenting Narcissus: What are the links between parenting and narcissism? Journal of Personality, 74(2), 345–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00380.x [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00380.x] Luo, Y. L. L., Cai, H., & Song, H. (2014). A behavioral genetic study of intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions of narcissism. PLOS ONE, 9(4), e93403. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093403 [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093403] Nenadić, I., Lorenz, C., & Gaser, C. (2021). Narcissistic personality traits and prefrontal brain structure. Scientific Reports, 11, 15707. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94920-z [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94920-z] Otway, L. J., & Vignoles, V. L. (2006). Narcissism and childhood recollections: A quantitative test of psychoanalytic predictions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(1), 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167205279907 [https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167205279907] Schulze, L., Dziobek, I., Vater, A., Heekeren, H. R., Bajbouj, M., Renneberg, B., & Roepke, S. (2013). Gray matter abnormalities in patients with narcissistic personality disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(10), 1363–1369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.05.017 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.05.017] Skodol, A. E. (2012). The revision of personality disorder diagnosis in DSM-5: What’s new? Current Psychiatry Reports, 14(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-011-0243-2

In this Weekly Insight, Dr. Ettensohn shares an adapted preview from his upcoming video on narcissism at the neurotic level of personality organization. He reflects on what it means to move toward psychological integration, emotional complexity, and the capacity for self-reflection - especially for those doing this work without a therapist. Drawing from clinical understanding and developmental theory, Dr. Ettensohn discusses how self-acceptance, mindfulness, and the capacity to tolerate imperfection are crucial aspects of healing. He emphasizes the importance of allowing history to be real, recognizing and managing splitting, and loosening rigid self-perceptions that often emerge from narcissistic defenses. Using metaphor, lived experience, and grounded strategies, he shows how healing becomes possible even outside the therapeutic relationship when we begin to relate to ourselves differently.