How the Ottoman Secret Police Tried to Save an Empire

The Last Ottoman Victory: Gallipoli 1915

Lucas and Luna revisit the Gallipoli campaign of 1915, a pivotal Ottoman victory that delayed the empire's collapse. They explore the strategic miscalculations of the Allied naval attack, the leadership of Mustafa Kemal at Anzac Cove and Chunuk Bair, the devastating cost of the campaign, and its enduring legacy in Turkey's national consciousness. The conversation also touches on the role of German naval vessels like the Goeben, the Dardanelles defense, and how the victory shaped the empire's final years. #Gallipoli #Çanakkale #MustafaKemal #Dardanelles #AlliedNavalAttack #Anzac #ChunukBair #MehmedV #EnverPaşa #Souchon #Goeben #Breslau #KressvonKressenstein #LimanvonSanders #WWI #OttomanEmpire #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Ottoman Empire's Last Naval Disaster: HMS Agamemnon

In this episode of How World War I Ended the Ottoman Empire Forever, Lucas and Luna explore the little-known story of the HMS Agamemnon, the pre-dreadnought battleship that hosted the Armistice of Mudros in 1918. They trace the ship's career from its launch in 1906 to its role in the Dardanelles campaign, where it shelled Ottoman forts and survived submarine attacks. The conversation reveals how this aging vessel became a symbol of Ottoman defeat, anchored off Limnos as Ottoman delegates signed away their empire. Along the way, they discuss the ship's crew, its technical quirks, and the irony that the same ship that bombarded Çanakkale later witnessed the empire's surrender. The episode also touches on the broader naval war in the Mediterranean, including the escape of the Goeben and Breslau, and how British sea power shaped the conflict's outcome. Finally, Lucas reflects on the Agamemnon's forgotten fate—scrapped after the war, its name revived for a nuclear submarine. #HMSAgamemnon #ArmisticeOfMudros #OttomanEmpire #NavalHistory #Dardanelles #WW1 #Battleship #Çanakkale #Limnos #GoebenAndBreslau #RoyalNavy #Mudros #OttomanNavy #PreDreadnought #AegeanSea #History #FexingoHistory #WWIWarships Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Ottoman Empire's Last Grand Admiral Wilhelm Souchon

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the remarkable story of Wilhelm Souchon, the German admiral who effectively commanded the Ottoman Navy during World War I. They trace how Souchon's aggressive leadership, including the famous Black Sea raid in October 1914, dragged the Ottoman Empire into the war. The conversation covers the pursuit of the Goeben and Breslau, Souchon's appointment as commander-in-chief of the Ottoman fleet, and his battles against the Russian Navy in the Black Sea. They also examine the political tensions between Souchon and Ottoman leaders like Enver Pasha and Cemal Pasha, and how Souchon's actions shaped the empire's eventual collapse. This episode offers a fresh perspective on a pivotal figure who is often overlooked in narratives of the Ottoman Empire's final years. #WilhelmSouchon #Goeben #Breslau #OttomanNavy #BlackSea #EnverPasha #CemalPasha #WorldWarI #OttomanEmpire #GermanAdmiral #BlackSeaRaid #YavuzSultanSelim #Midilli #Souchon #OttomanHistory #History #FexingoHistory #MiddleEast Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Ottoman Empire's Last Grand Vizier Ahmed Izzet Pasha

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the overlooked figure of Ahmed Izzet Pasha, the last Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire who negotiated the Armistice of Mudros in 1918. They trace his career from his Albanian origins, through his education in Germany, his command in Yemen, and his role as Chief of Staff on the Caucasus front. The conversation examines how Izzet Pasha's government was formed in the final weeks of the war, the challenges of negotiating with the British aboard HMS Agamemnon, and his brief tenure as Grand Vizier before the Young Turks returned. Lucas explains the tensions between Izzet Pasha and the Committee of Union and Progress, his attempts to salvage the empire through diplomacy, and his later service in the government of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The episode also covers Izzet Pasha's role in the war crimes trials of 1919–1920 and his complex legacy as a soldier-statesman who tried to navigate the empire's collapse. Listeners will encounter key figures like Rauf Orbay, Enver Pasha, Talat Pasha, and Sultan Mehmed VI, along with the inner workings of the Sublime Porte during the war's final days. #AhmedIzzetPasha #OttomanEmpire #GrandVizier #MudrosArmistice #WWI #HMSAgamemnon #RaufOrbay #EnverPasha #TalatPasha #SublimePorte #Yemen #CaucasusFront #WarCrimesTrials #TurkishHistory #MiddleEastHistory #History #FexingoHistory #OttomanCollapse Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Treaty of Sèvres: The Allied Plan to Dismember the Ottoman Empire

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the Treaty of Sèvres of 1920, the Allied plan to carve up the defeated Ottoman Empire. They discuss how the treaty assigned vast territories to Greece, France, Italy, and Britain, created an independent Armenia and autonomous Kurdistan, and left a rump Turkish state in central Anatolia. The episode covers the reaction of the Ottoman government in Istanbul, the defiance of the Turkish National Movement under Mustafa Kemal, and the treaty's role in galvanizing opposition that led to the Turkish War of Independence. Key figures include Sultan Mehmed VI, Grand Vizier Damat Ferid Pasha, and the Allied negotiators. The episode also touches on the controversial provisions, including the internationalization of the Straits and the financial control by the Ottoman Public Debt Administration. Sèvres was signed but never ratified, becoming a symbol of foreign humiliation that shaped modern Turkish nationalism. #TreatyOfSevres #SevrAntlaşması #MustafaKemal #TurkishWarOfIndependence #DamatFeridPasha #SultanMehmedVI #OttomanEmpire #WWI #ParisPeaceConference #LloydGeorge #Clemenceau #WoodrowWilson #ArmenianQuestion #Kurdistan #StraitsQuestion #ParisPeaceTreaties #FexingoHistory #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]