Otherwise?

Hello friends! This episode is a dedication to you, who has walked this journey with me and my team for the last three years of creating Otherwise?! I am off to graduate school (The London School of Economics and Political Science) for a Masters in Public Policy and Administration, and I wanted to do one last episode before I left! :) This episode answers the questions many of you have asked me since the inception of Otherwise?. Thank you so much for coming on this journey with me. We will be taking a break while I pursue my graduate studies, but we will be back when I'm done; bigger, better, and bolder. Kwaheri ya kuonana!

The Constitution in Article 43, sub-article 1 (a) states that “Every person has the right to the highest attainable standard of health, which includes the right to healthcare services, including reproductive healthcare”. Article 43 sub-article 2 also states that a person shall not be denied emergency medical treatment. The Jubilee government, as part of its Big Four Agenda, plans to roll out universal health coverage to all Kenyans by 2022, guaranteeing quality and affordable healthcare to all Kenyans. In the 2018/2019 budget, universal health coverage received a provision KES 2.5 billion. The government plans to reconfigure the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) and reform the governance of private insurance companies. They also plan to have 100% of the poor covered by government, 9 million people covered by KES 32 billion formal member contributions, 12 million people covered by KES 28 billion informal member contributions, and a 50% decrease in out of pocket medical expenses. We're joined by Dr. Amakove Wala [https://ke.linkedin.com/in/dr-elizabeth-wala-740bb633], Programme Director - Health Systems Strengthening at Amref in Kenya, to talk about how we can achieve universal health coverage in Kenya. Resources Constitution of Kenya - Article 43: Economic and social rights [http://www.klrc.go.ke/index.php/constitution-of-kenya/112-chapter-four-the-bill-of-rights/part-2-rights-and-fundamental-freedoms/209-43-economic-and-social-rights] 2018 Budget Policy Statement [https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3.sourceafrica.net/documents/118450/2018-Budget-Policy-Statement.pdf] Big Four Agenda at core of Kenya spending, to spur economic growth [https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Big-Four-Agenda-at-core-of-Kenya-spending/2560-4616020-jxd2fa/index.html] Refocusing on quality of care and increasing demand for services; Essential elements in attaining universal health coverage in Kenya [http://www.health.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/UHC-QI-Policy-Brief.pdf] Towards Universal Health Coverage in Kenya: Are We On The Right Path? [https://kemri-wellcome.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/200-MEASURING-PROGRESS-TOWARDS-UNIVERSAL-HEALTHCARE-COVERAGE.pdf] Kenya National Hospital Insurance Fund Reforms: Implications and Lessons for Universal Health Coverage [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23288604.2018.1513267] County Governments At The Centre of Achieving Universal Health Care [https://vision2030.go.ke/county-governments-at-the-centre-of-achieving-universal-health-care/] Universal Health Care As Inspired By The Kenya Vision 2030 [https://vision2030.go.ke/universal-health-care-as-inspired-by-the-kenya-vision-2030/] President Uhuru launches Universal Health Coverage Pilot Program Nairobi, (KENYA) December 13, 2018 [http://www.health.go.ke/president-uhuru-launches-universal-health-coverage-pilot-program-nairobi-kenya-december-13-2018/] How Kenya can attain universal health care [https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/analysis/ideas/How-Kenya-can-attain-universal-health/4259414-5062348-10sp7ts/index.html] Universal Health Coverage: What you need to know [https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Universal-Health-Coverage-explained/1056-4895006-vclblfz/index.html] The Path to Universal Health Coverage in Kenya : Repositioning the Role of the National Hospital Insurance Fund [https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/23485/The0path0to0un0pital0insurance0fund.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y] Domestic Resource Mobilization for Health: National Health Financing Dialogue for Implementation of the Health Sector Domestic Financing Sustainability Plan [UHC Delivery for Kenya – Issue Paper] [http://nacc.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/UHC-Delivery-for-Kenya-PRINT.pdf] Universal Health Coverage Advocacy Guide [https://www.uhc2030.org/fileadmin/uploads/uhc2030/Documents/Key_Issues/Advocacy/UHC_Advocacy_Guide_March_2018_final.pdf] Linda Mama, Boresha Jamii: Implementation Manual for Programme Managers [http://www.health.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/implementation-manual-softy-copy-sample-1.pdf] Only 20% Kenyans have medical cover [https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-04-20-only-20-kenyans-have-medical-cover/] Start of a new era of health care in Makueni [https://www.makueni.go.ke/site/files/2018/12/Start-of-a-new-era-of-health-care-in-Makueni.pdf] County Universal Social Protection Coverage for All: A Case Study of Makueni County, Kenya [https://spc.socialprotection.or.ke/images/downloads/presentations/Kivutha-Kibwana-County-Universal-Social-Protection-Coverage-for-All.pdf] What makes Makaueni's Sh 500-a year universal Health Care Programme tick [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/health/article/2001291782/inside-makueni-s-universal-health-care-programme] How to achieve universal health coverage? Focus on primary care [https://www.devex.com/news/how-to-achieve-universal-health-coverage-focus-on-primary-care-90721] Episode 21: #LipaKamaTender [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-21-lipakamatender/] Episode 70: Financing the Kenyan Government [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-70-financing-the-kenyan-government/] Episode 105: Social Protection in Kenya [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-105-social-protection-in-kenya/] Episode 110: Non-Communicable Diseases [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-110-non-communicable-diseases/] Image Credit: AFIDEP [https://www.afidep.org/how-kenya-can-attain-universal-health-coverage/]

Human-wildlife conflict is a growing problem in Kenya today, and it has a huge negative impact on both human and wildlife populations. It happens when there is close interaction between wild animals and human beings, which leads to injury, death, predation and transmission of diseases. In February 2019, Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS) issued a notice to the public that the dry spell being experienced in most parts of the country was displacing wildlife from their traditional habitats in search of pasture and water. This had increased conflict as the wildlife came into contact with the public and human activities. They said that as the dry spell progressed, the risk of human wildlife conflict was expected to increase until the country received the long rains. Areas that have experienced increased incidence of human wildlife conflict were in Narok, Taita Taveta, Laikipia, Kajiado, Meru, Mau, Marsabit, Lamu and the Mt. Kenya region. We can assume that such warnings will become more frequent in coming years. We’re joined by Susanna Maingi [https://ke.linkedin.com/in/susan-rose-maingi-b19b56128], a research scientist and wildlife ecologist with expertise in human-wildlife conflict, antipoaching and conservation outreach, to discuss the increasing cases of human-wildlife conflict in Kenya. Press play! Resources KENYA’S ORIGINAL SIN: Root causes of rising human-wildlife conflicts [https://www.theelephant.info/features/2018/11/29/kenyas-original-sin-root-causes-of-rising-human-wildlife-conflicts/] Characteristics of Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Kenya: Examples of Tsavo and Maasai Mara Regions [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327884051_Characteristics_of_Human-Wildlife_Conflicts_in_Kenya_Examples_of_Tsavo_and_Maasai_Mara_Regions] 77 people killed in human-wildlife conflicts in 2018: Balala [https://www.nation.co.ke/news/77-killed-by-wildlife-2018-says-Balala/1056-5180944-m5su5u/index.html] Alert on Increased Incidence of Human - Wildlife Conflict [http://www.kws.go.ke/content/alert-increased-incidences-human-wildlife-conflict-0] Collapse of Wildlife migratory corridors as 100 mapped areas threatened [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001335680/human-wildlife-conflicts-rise-as-migratory-paths-blocked] KWS says SGR affecting wildlife movement in Tsavo [https://www.nation.co.ke/counties/taita-taveta/SGR-hampering-movement-of-wildlife/1183326-5139756-ly6qgq/index.html] Human-wildlife payment claims hit Sh15bn in last 5 years: PS [https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Human-wildlife-compensation-claims-hit-Sh15bn/1056-4708744-12f730m/index.html] Human-Wildlife Conflicts and compensation for losses in Kenya [https://africanbioservices.eu/human-wildlife-conflicts-and-compensation-for-losses-in-kenya/] Why wildlife is critical for human existence [https://www.nation.co.ke/oped/opinion/Why-wildlife-is-critical-for-human-existence/440808-5125396-ndwc4x/index.html] Human–Wildlife Conflict and Coexistence [https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085634] Illegal Hunting and the Bushmeat Trade in Savanna Africa [http://www.fao.org/3/a-bc609e.pdf] KWS unearths illegal bushmeat trade [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001332275/kws-unearths-illegal-bushmeat-trade] Report Of The Taskforce On Consumptive Wildlife Utilization in Kenya [http://www.tourism.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Final-WUTF-Report-Digital.pdf] The ugly truth about wildlife conservation in Kenya [https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2017/07/ugly-truth-wildlife-conservation-kenya-170727132233278.html] The 2017 Shooting of Kuki Gallmann and the Politics of Conservation in Northern Kenya [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324417414_The_2017_Shooting_of_Kuki_Gallmann_and_the_Politics_of_Conservation_in_Northern_Kenya] How Conservation Became Colonialism [https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/07/16/how-conservation-became-colonialism-environment-indigenous-people-ecuador-mining/] When WWF's conservation looks like colonialism, it's time for a new approach [https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/wwf-atrocities-fortress-conservation-indigenous-peoples-un-a8823041.html] A Leaked Report Shows WWF Was Warned Years Ago Of “Frightening” Abuses [https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/katiejmbaker/wwf-report-human-rights-abuses-rangers] Conservation's Biggest Challenge? The Legacy of Colonialism (Op-Ed) [https://www.livescience.com/65507-conservation-colonialism-legacy.html] Is Conservation a New Form of Colonialism? [https://medium.com/verve-up/is-conservation-a-new-form-of-colonialism-2e12f697c9b8] Why are we not seeing many black faces in conservation? [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2001238106/why-are-we-not-seeing-many-black-faces-in-conservation] Saving the world's wildlife is not just "a white person thing" [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/africa-wild/2017/jul/31/saving-wildlife-conservation-africa-colonialism-race] Analyzing collective action [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2010.00497.x] Exploring the Hidden Costs of Human–Wildlife Conflict in Northern Kenya [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309619779_Exploring_the_Hidden_Costs_of_Human-Wildlife_Conflict_in_Northern_Kenya] Public land, historical land injustices and the new Constitution [http://sidint.net/docs/WP9.pdf] Invasive alien species in Kenya: status and management [http://www.fao.org/3/y5968e/y5968e10.htm] Invasive alien species in Kenya (PDF) [https://www.ippc.int/static/media/files/publications/en/1066036391075_KENYA_Chagema_John_Kedera.pdf] Episode 24: Drought Begins With You [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-24-drought-begins-with-you/] Episode 60: Na Ni Who? [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-60-nai-ni-who/] Episode 65: The Oil in Turkana [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-65-the-oil-in-turkana/] Episode 66: The Politics of Food in Nairobi [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-66-the-politics-of-food-in-nairobi/] Episode 78: Public Finance and the Right to Food [Part 1] [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-78-otherwise-live-public-finance-and-the-right-to-food-part-1/] Episode 79: Public Finance and the Right to Food [Part 2] [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-79-otherwise-live-public-finance-and-the-right-to-food-part-2/] Episode 93: Global Warming at The Equator [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-93-global-warming-at-the-equator/] Image Credit: World Wildlife [https://www.worldwildlife.org/stories/tracking-elephants-in-kenya-to-prevent-human-wildlife-conflict]

The Constitution of Kenya (2010) in Article 46 gives consumers the right - to goods and services of reasonable quality; to the information necessary for them to gain full benefit from goods and services; to the protection of their health, safety, and economic interests; and to compensation for loss or injury arising from defects in goods or services. It states that parliament shall enact legislation to provide for consumer protection and for fair, honest and decent advertising (which is the Consumer Protection Act, 2012). It applies to goods and services offered by public entities or private persons. We’re joined by Nzilani Mweu, founder of Rilani Advocates [http://rilaniadvocates.legal/], to talk about consumer protection in Kenya. Press play! Resources Constitution of Kenya (2010) - Article 46 [http://www.klrc.go.ke/index.php/constitution-of-kenya/112-chapter-four-the-bill-of-rights/part-2-rights-and-fundamental-freedoms/212-46-consumer-rights] The Consumer Protection Act (2012) [http://www.parliament.go.ke/sites/default/files/2017-05/ConsumerProtectionActNo46of2012.pdf] The Competition Act (2010) [http://www.industrialization.go.ke/images/downloads/policies/Competition-Act-No-12-2010.pdf] The Competition Authority of Kenya [https://www.cak.go.ke/] Kenya Information and Communications (Consumer Protection) Regulations, 2010. [https://ca.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Consumer-Protection-Regulations-2010-1.pdf] Consumer protection diagnostic study – Kenya [https://fsdkenya.org/publication/consumer-protection-diagnostic-study-kenya-2/] Consumer Protection Law in Kenya [https://www.oraro.co.ke/2018/10/17/consumer-protection-law-in-kenya/] Protecting Consumers Means Thinking Like Consumers [https://www.cgap.org/blog/protecting-consumers-means-thinking-consumers] Insurance Regulatory Authority - Consumer Protection [https://www.ira.go.ke/index.php/consumer-protection] Central Bank of Kenya: Guidelines on Consumer Protection [https://www.costofcredit.co.ke/downloads/Centra_%20Bank_of_Kenya_Consumer%20_Protection.pdf] It’s Time to Change the Equation on Consumer Protection [https://www.cgap.org/blog/its-time-change-equation-consumer-protection] Financial consumer protection in Kenya: Key research findings and policy recommendations [https://s3-eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/fsd-circle/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/30095756/11-02-28_FSD-Insights_Consumer_protection_issue_03.pdf] Intersections between Intellectual Property, Consumer Protection and Competition Law in Kenya [https://ipkenya.wordpress.com/2014/02/07/intersections-between-intellectual-property-consumer-protection-and-competition-law-in-kenya/] Printing Out The Privacy Policies Of Facebook, Snap, And Others [https://www.fastcompany.com/90171107/printing-out-the-privacy-policies-of-facebook-snap-and-others] State not committed to protecting consumer rights [https://www.the-star.co.ke/siasa/2019-01-05-katiba-state-not-committed-to-protecting-consumer-rights/] Competition enforcement and consumer protection in a digital economy [https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001305108/competition-enforcement-and-consumer-protection-in-a-digital-economy] Image Credit: FSD Kenya [https://fsdkenya.org/publication/financial-consumer-protection-in-kenya-key-research-findings-and-policy-recommendations-issue-03/]

In a survey carried out by Women’s Empowerment Link (WEL) [https://wel.or.ke/] in 2015, in the wake of the #MyDressMyChoice protest in 2014, it was found that 54% of women had experienced gender based violence (physical, sexual or psychological harm) while using public transport. The women shared that they been harassed, with the abuse ranging from derogatory comments to rape. Many witnessed female passengers being stripped naked, but the female survivors neither received any help nor reported the violation, and they reported a culture of silence held up by both male and female passengers. We also have a Geopoll survey from 2016 that highlighted that at least 46% of women in Kenya have been harassed by matatu crews. We’re joined by Mary Mwangi, Programs Manager at Flone Initiative [http://floneinitiative.org/index.php/home/], to discuss the relationship between women and public transport. Resources Eastern Africa Women in Transportation Conference Report [https://eastafricawitconference.files.wordpress.com/2019/01/eawitconferencereport2018.pdf] Gender Sensitive Mini-Bus Services & Transport Infrastructure for African Cities: A Practical Toolkit [http://floneinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Gender-Toolkit.pdf] How to Ease Women’s Fear of Transportation Environments: Case Studies and Best Practices [https://floneinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/How-to-ease-women-fear-of-Transport-environment.pdf] Gender and Urban Transport [https://sutp.org/files/contents/documents/resources/L_iNUA/iNUA-Paper.Gender%20and%20Urban%20Transport.pdf] Gender in Public Transportation: A Perspective of Women Users of Public Transportation [http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/amman/15221.pdf] Approaches for Gender Responsive Urban Mobility [https://sutp.org/files/contents/documents/A_Sourcebook_Social-Issues-in-TransportGIZ_SUTP_SB7a_Gender_Responsive_Urban_Mobility_Nov18.pdf] Women in the Transport Sector [https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/briefingnote/wcms_234882.pdf] Women and Urban Transport: Draft Policy [India] [https://floneinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Women-and-Urban-Transport.pdf] Safety In Kenya’s Public Transport Vehicles (Matatu) [https://www.geopoll.com/blog/safety-in-kenyas-public-transport-vehicles-matatu/] I Just Wanted To Go Home [https://brainstorm.co.ke/2015/04/07/i-just-wanted-to-go-home/] Women and transportation in East Africa [https://www.sei.org/projects-and-tools/projects/women-transportation-east-africa/] Women are changing the narrative in East Africa’s public transport sector [https://www.sei.org/featured/women-in-east-africas-public-transport-sector/] Violence against Women and Girls in Public Road Transport and Connected Spaces in Nairobi County, Kenya [http://floneinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Violence-Against-Women-And-Girls-In-Public-Road-Transport-And-Connected-Spaces-In-Nairobi-County.pdf] Report on Mobility of Care Assessment of Nairobi’s Public Minibus Transport Services [http://floneinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Mobility-of-Care-Report.pdf] Report on Gender Equity Assessment of Nairobi’s Public Minibus Transport Services [http://floneinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/GEA-Report.pdf] Why your Public Transportation Sucks - Patriot Act with Hasan Minhaj [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z1KLpf_7tU] 2019 Women and Transport Africa Conference [https://womenandtransportafrica.org/] Tumi’s 5 Principles to Empower Women in Transport [https://womenmobilize.org/publications/] Episode 77: The Problem With Our Roads [https://www.otherwisepodcast.com/episodes/episode-77-the-problem-with-our-roads/] Image Credit: East Africa Women In Transport Conference [https://eastafricawitconference.com/women-and-transportation/flone-initiative/]