The Royal African Company: A Corporation of Slavers

The 1781 Zong Massacre: Insurance Fraud and the Calculus of Cruelty

In this episode of The Atlantic Slave Trade: Empire Built on Human Suffering, Lucas and Luna examine the 1781 Zong massacre — not as a random act of brutality but as a cold insurance calculation. The slave ship Zong, overcrowded and off-course, saw 133 enslaved Africans thrown alive into the sea so that the ship's owners could claim insurance for 'lost cargo.' When the case reached London courts, Lord Mansfield ruled on property law, not murder. Lucas unpacks the voyage's chronology: Captain Luke Collingwood's decision, the crew's testimony, the legal arguments over jettison and 'perils of the sea.' He connects the Zong to the growing British abolition movement, explaining how Granville Sharp used the case to galvanise public outrage. The episode explores the specific legal doctrine of 'general average' as applied to enslaved people, and how this atrocity, stripped of euphemism, became a rallying cry for abolitionists like Equiano and Clarkson. Listeners will learn about the Gregson v. Gilbert insurance case, the role of the Liverpool slave trade syndicates, and the grisly arithmetic that priced human life at thirty pounds per head. #ZongMassacre #SlaveShipZong #LukeCollingwood #GranvilleSharp #LordMansfield #GeneralAverage #InsuranceFraud #AtlanticSlaveTrade #AbolitionMovement #MiddlePassage #LiverpoolSlaveTrade #GregsonvGilbert #OlaudahEquiano #ThomasClarkson #1781 #History #FexingoHistory #PowerfulHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Man Who Sank the Atlantic Slave Trade: Granville Sharp

How did a mild-mannered London clerk with no legal training bring down the legal pillars of Atlantic slavery? This episode follows Granville Sharp, the obsessive abolitionist behind the Somerset Case (1772) that made slavery unenforceable in England, the Zong Massacre prosecution that turned public opinion, and the founding of Sierra Leone. We explore Sharp's biblical radicalism, his alliance with Olaudah Equiano, and the 1787 Black Poor expedition. Along the way, we meet Lord Chief Justice Mansfield, the slave ship Zong's captain Luke Collingwood, and the African-American loyalists who sailed for Freetown. A story of one man's relentless campaign — and the legal and moral earthquake that cracked the slave system open. #GranvilleSharp #SomersetCase #ZongMassacre #SierraLeone #OlaudahEquiano #LordMansfield #LukeCollingwood #BlackPoor #Abolition #SlaveTrade #18thCentury #BritishEmpire #History #FexingoHistory #LegalHistory #HumanRights #Abolitionist #MaritimeHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Slave Ship Creole: 1841 Coastwise Revolt and Freedom

In November 1841, the American slave ship Creole departed Richmond, Virginia, bound for New Orleans with 135 enslaved people aboard. Off the coast of North Carolina, 19 captives led by Madison Washington — who had escaped to Canada only to be recaptured — seized control of the brig, killing one crewman and forcing the captain to sail to Nassau in the Bahamas. British authorities in Nassau, operating under the 1833 Emancipation Act, refused American demands for the return of the 128 people who gained freedom. The incident ignited a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Britain, inflamed sectional tensions over slavery and maritime law, and became a rallying point for abolitionists like Frederick Douglass, who later called the Creole affair 'a victory for the oppressed.' This episode explores the rebellion itself, the legal battle over the enslaved refugees, and the lasting impact on US-British relations and the domestic slavery debate. We also discuss how the revolt challenged the delicate balance of power between slave and free states in the antebellum era. #CreoleRebellion #MadisonWashington #1841 #SlaveRevolt #Nassau #Bahamas #CoastwiseSlaveTrade #AmericanSlavery #Abolition #FrederickDouglass #USBritainRelations #WebsterAshburton #Antebellum #MaritimeHistory #SlaveShip #BlackResistance #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The 1831 Sam Sharpe Rebellion: Jamaica's Christmas Uprising

In December 1831, a 25,000-strong enslaved workforce in Jamaica's western parishes rose up in what became the largest slave rebellion in the British Caribbean. At its heart was Samuel 'Sam' Sharpe, a literate, Baptist deacon who believed the British Parliament had already granted emancipation—and that the planters were withholding it. Sharpe organized a peaceful general strike for better wages, which spiraled into a full-scale revolt after plantation owners responded with force. The rebellion burned over 200 estates, terrified the white minority, and was brutally crushed by martial law. Over 300 enslaved people were executed, including Sharpe himself, who gave a famous speech from the gallows. Yet the uprising—known as the Baptist War—shocked the British public and directly accelerated the passage of the 1833 Slavery Abolition Act. This episode examines Sharpe's leadership, the role of Black Baptist preachers, and how one man's faith and strategy turned a Christmas strike into a revolution that ended slavery in the British Empire. #SamSharpe #BaptistWar #Jamaica #SlaveRevolt #1831 #ChristmasRebellion #Abolition #SlaveryAbolitionAct #BaptistMissionaries #WilliamKnibb #MontegoBay #MartialLaw #EnslavedResistance #BritishCaribbean #BlackHistory #FexingoHistory #History #WorldHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The 1822 Denmark Vesey Conspiracy: Charleston's Fear

In 1822, an enslaved carpenter named Denmark Vesey, who had purchased his freedom, was accused of orchestrating a massive slave rebellion in Charleston, South Carolina. Using his skills as a literate, well-traveled man, Vesey allegedly recruited hundreds of enslaved and free Black people, drawing on biblical stories of Exodus and the recent Haitian Revolution. The plot was betrayed, leading to a secret tribunal, dozens of executions, and the exile of many others. The aftermath saw even harsher restrictions on Black Charlestonians, including the Negro Seamen Act. But historians debate whether the conspiracy was real or a product of white paranoia. This episode pieces together what we know and what remains contested about Vesey's plot, his co-conspirators like Gullah Jack, and the legacy of fear that reshaped the South. #DenmarkVesey #Charleston #1822Conspiracy #SlaveRevolt #Abolition #GullahJack #HaitianRevolution #NegroSeamenAct #BlackHistory #SouthCarolina #Antebellum #Slavery #History #FexingoHistory #19thCentury #AfricanAmerican #Rebellion #AMEs Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]