The Meaningful Money Personal Finance Podcast

We’ve managed to cobble together another themed Q&A episode, this week dealing with questions around Inheritance Tax, Trusts and Care planning. Lots for Roger and Pete to get stuck into! Shownotes: https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA18 [https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA18]  00:48  Question 1 Hi Pete, Hi Rog, Thanks for your ongoing work on the Podcast, I’ve been listening for many years and have learned a great deal from you both. Keep up the good work! My question is in relation to trusts. My parents, both aged 70, have recently got round to updating their wills, putting POA in place for finance and health and have been in discussion with a solicitor about putting a trust in place, primarily to safeguard their assets from being used up in the event of them having to go into care in later life. At present I believe their estate to be approximately £600,000 including their house which I would imagine is worth approximately £250,000. The rest is made up of savings. I don’t believe their estate would be subject to inheritance tax so I don’t believe this is the reason for setting up a trust. I have listened back to your previous episodes on trusts but I was wondering, firstly whether much has changed since these podcasts in relation to the general setting up and management of a trust? Secondly I wondered if you could explain the negatives to my parents putting the majority of their assets into trust, namely are there any ongoing fees, can my parents take assets out of the trust should they need to and what are the tax implications for the beneficiaries when my parents pass away? Would any of these things change in the period where only one of them has passed away? I appreciate this is a huge topic and you may not be able to address all of these queries but it appears they have been advised of the positive parts of this process but I would like to ensure we are aware of the potential pitfalls. Thanks once again! Jon 11:10  Question 2 Hi Pete and Roger, Still loving the show and I'm enjoying the current variation in format - keep up the fantastic work! My question relates to estate planning: My wife and I own our home (mortgage free) 50/50 as tenants in common. We have up-to-date wills, LPAs, expressions of wishes and "Dead Files" set up. Each half of the house will be left to our daughter as and when, with the appropriate "right to reside" wording in place for the remaining partner. We are both in our late fifties, so hopefully not needed for many years yet. The IHT side is fine as it's just numbers - allowances and values etc. What I can't quite get my head around is any potential CGT liability for our daughter following the second death. Not so much for the financial impact, as she is already comfortable in her own right (with my and - via the podcast - your encouragement over the years) and will inherit further monies when we pass, but more from a planning perspective. I have looked online and disappeared down several rabbit holes, but from what I can gather although she inherits half the house on the first death, essentially because the surviving partner continues to live in it and therefore any actual money can't be realised, CGT is only calculated from the date of the second death (assuming she sells the house at that point). Is this correct, or will her CGT liability on half of the value start on the first death and be based on (half of) the house valuation at that time, as obtained for that probate? Maybe I'm taking the planning a little too far, but I like to be prepared. These circumstances will be more and more relevant to families over time, I'm sure. Your usual wisdom and common-sense views would be very much appreciated (even if the answer is "...it depends!"). Thank you again for the information and humour the two of you provide each week - long may you continue! Best wishes, Glen 16:11  Question 3 Hi guys Thank you both for a great podcast, big shout-out to Rog because he gets missed off sometimes in these testimonials – genuinely wish I had found this podcast years ago. Have made so many past mistakes but now correcting them one by one! I have a question about care costs which I hope you could answer. My mum is suffering from late stage dementia and my dad who is her 24/7 carer is struggling to cope (they are both 80yo). I have PoA for my mum and am trying to involve myself more in her care plan going forwards. Care (in the home initially) is going to be required and I was wondering how this is paid for. My parents worked hard and have reasonably large savings and investments in both their individual names and in joint names and the extent of these means they would have to pay for care. What we are not clear on is whether money or investments in my mum’s name would ONLY be used to pay for her care or whether jointly held money or investments would be used or whether anything in my father’s name would also be used to pay for care? I’ve tried to find the answer to this online but cannot find a clear answer so remain confused! Also are there things that we should be doing to manage this better – end of life planning, trusts etc etc? My dad worked incredibly hard to provide something to his grandchildren and he is actively putting off getting help and harming himself for fear that he won’t be able to pass something down to his grandchildren – this is incredibly sad and feels cruel. Any advice that you could give would be much appreciated. Keep up the great work David R 23:30  Question 4 Hello Pete & Roger, Firstly I want to say thank you so much for all the work you do to teach all us mere mortals how to navigate the world of personal finance. I have a question: Everyone talks about merging finances with a partner and then having children. I am in my mid 40s and my children are early 20s. I have a partner and I hope to move in with him one day (he has no children) I might move in with one of mine. How do I protect what I currently have and ensure that goes to my boys? He has considerably more than I do and I don’t expect him to support or pass anything on to my boys. I understand I don’t want to do a mirror will but would I do a “prenup”? We aren’t getting married. Is there a cut off point “moving in day” where everything after that is split 50/50 with the new partners? Or am I over thinking this? I have been through one divorce and don’t want to again but I do want to protect what is mine for the sake of my boys. Any advice would be very welcome. Thank you and keep up the AMAZING work. Kind regards, Carla. 28:56  Question 5 Hi Pete, Roger, Nick, Ruth and everyone else in your fantastic team. I have a few questions around a niche scenario that I can't find answers to online. I'm hoping you can point me in the right direction. My parents-in-law were convinced to transfer their home into an asset protection trust in the past before I met them (more than 10 years ago, as I think that's relevant). They were told it would help avoid having to pay care costs. They now know this was never going to be suitable for them, and are looking to mitigate the damage. I suspect the names McLures Solicitors, Jones Whyte, Andrey Robertson and Cynthia Duff might be depressingly familiar to you. The ownership of the house was changed to tenants in common, and each of them transferred their half of the house to a separate trust. So there was the Mr M trust and the Mrs M trust. The trusts were set up such that Mr M and 2 financial advisers were the trustees of the Mr M trust; Mrs M and the 2 financial advisers were the trustees of the Mrs M trust. The trust deed gave the settlors the right to add or remove trustees during their lives. When I started to look at this, I felt there were 3 stages to resolve this: 1. Change the trustees to a more sensible arrangement. 2. Update the land registry with the correct trustees. 3. Decide whether to end the trusts. I knew the first 2 steps were going to need a solicitor, who my parents-in-law found. However, the first 2 stages have now been resolved. So, they're now looking at the final stage - deciding whether to end the trusts. It's clear their current solicitor isn't going to be right for them for this part. I think the disadvantages to leaving the trusts in place are: - If either of them need care in the future, I don't think the trusts will make any difference in the local authority's means assessment. - The property is likely unmortgageable if they should need any kind of equity release in the future, for example to pay for care. - Neither trust has been registered with HMRC due to the original solicitors ceasing trading. There might therefore be a tax charge/penalty charge, and an obligation to file periodic tax returns for the trusts. Their preference is to wind up the trusts, but are there any pros to leaving them in place? And are there any cons I haven't thought of already? Knowing that "should" is a dirty word in financial advice, I'm trying to find out whether ending the trusts might have any drawbacks or tax liability. My understanding is that they each transferred their share of the property to the trust when the house was valued at £X. If the trusts are ended, they'll receive the property back at a value of £Y. My questions are: - Is there any tax liability, based on the difference in property value between £X and £Y? - Could they be entitled to any tax reliefs based on their circumstances? - Are there any other drawbacks you can think of that we might not have considered? I know you can only give general information and guidance, but I couldn't work out an answer to this myself. I couldn't even work out which type of professional they should speak to - a solicitor, accountant or financial adviser. I'd be really grateful if you could point us in the direction to get some personalised help. Many thanks, Mathew 33:55  Question 6 Hi Pete, Roger, As a long-time listener and viewer of your channel, I appreciate your insights on keeping costs low, investing in global funds, ensuring tax efficiency, and the benefits of long-term investing. My wife and I have recently become a grand-aunt and grand-uncle. Rather than giving the usual presents, we’d like to do something more practical by investing regularly (£100/month) for our grandniece—after all, there’s no better time to start long-term investing than from birth. Likewise, we’re comfortable investing 100% in equities, given the long time horizon. On the surface, I suspect you’d recommend a Junior SIPP or a Junior ISA. However, the challenge is that she (and her parents) are French citizens, living in France and paying taxes there. While I appreciate that you focus on UK matters, are you able to provide any pointers on how we could invest in a low-cost global fund for her under these circumstances? Many thanks for your time and any guidance you can offer. John

A bit of a themed Q&A this week, with some great questions from folks in their 30’s. We cover share save schemes at work, large inheritances and retirement planning - yes, even in your 30’s! Shownotes: https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA17 [https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA17]  01:29  Question 1 Hi Pete and Roger, First of all I wanted to say I'm a new but avid listener to the MM Podcast, I'm so glad I found it while I'm still (relatively) young,  I'm 39 and after years of making bad financial decisions the MM podcast has turned my attitude to money/investing and pensions on its head. I now relish the challenge of taking care of my finances rather than what felt like years of fighting against it. I wanted to ask a question regarding selling Investments vs taking a short term loan. I work for a large pharmaceutical company and as a perk of being an employee I pay into 2 share schemes through work. The one I'm thinking of selling is a plan whereby I'm limited to a certain amount a month I can pay in and whatever I pay in is matched by my employer, so half the shares in this scheme are free. Needles to say I pay the maximum into this to benefit from the BOGOF offer. I've recently had a large unexpected bill that even my emergency fund can't cover! And I wanted to know if selling the shares would be advisable over getting a 12 month loan? If I sell the shares the money will be paid to me through my next pay so it will be subject to tax and NI contributions, after a bit of number crunching I've worked out that what I'll pay back on the loan is a lot less than the tax and NI I'll pay on the shares, however it does mean being in debt for 12 months, but I'm reluctant to sell the shares as I'd earmarked it as a supplement to my pension. If this was cash sitting in an account then it'd be a no brainer but I'm sure that I've heard people advise against selling investments. Please could you help and offer some advice as I'm really not sure what's best as I do what to avoid debt too. Thanks in advance, Anthony 05:30  Question 2 Hi Pete and Roger Thank you so much for the podcast and content you put out - for free! - it's incredibly generous and has helped thousands of people including myself. I appreciate this is not a typical situation, but I am 30 years old and am due to inherit £500,000 (yes, really, though due to unhappy circumstances). Up until now (in no small part due to your content!) I've been confident managing my finances. I am single, and am just approaching becoming a higher-rate tax-payer as an NHS doctor. It is a stable job with a great pension and guaranteed pay progression. I have a £200,000 mortgage on my house which I am comfortably paying out of my salary. I also have a £10,000 cash emergency fund in place, and no other debt apart from my student loan. Due to the NHS pension (and the complexity of avoiding annual allowance breaches with a SIPP alongside a DB pension), I have favoured directing all my personal savings into my stocks and shares ISA rather than a SIPP, all in a 100% equities passive global tracker (currently about £60,000). I don't know what to do with this inheritance. I will put the first £50,000 in Premium Bonds. After that, I like the simplicity of £20,000 per year into the stocks and shares ISA in a passive global tracker. But in the short-term this still leaves a vast sum in cash. Even if I paid off the mortgage (which I'm unsure about, as I've had plans to spend on house renovations fairly soon), there is still a vast amount of cash left unsheltered. (First-world problems, granted.) I could pay for advice, but I would rather self-manage as I feel I don't want to do anything too complicated if someone could explain a simple strategy using a GIA. Option 1: GIA Is it easy to calculate the dividends on an accumulation global tracker fund? Should I ditch the simplicity of global trackers to find dividend-paying funds/investment trusts to try and pay less tax?  Option 2: Cash Option 3: Holding gilts to maturity Have I missed anything? Does it really matter whether I do Option 1 or 2 in the grand scheme of things? Any thoughts would be much appreciated! Kind regards, James 14:30  Question 3 Hi Pete (and Roge) Thanks for all you have done and continue to do on the podcast. I've now read both your books which I would warmly recommend to anyone. I've tried to keep this brief but tricky not missing out key details! My wife and I are in our mid 30s and have SIPPs invested in passive, 100% global equity, accumulation funds. With a reasonable time horizon, and stomach for volatility, we're very happy with this approach. We would like the option to retire as soon as we reach the Normal Pension Age minus 10years which we assume will be 60 by then if we assume the state pension age will rise to 70. Given this background, how do I pivot away from 100% equities to a cash flow ladder? My current thinking is to do the following: - 10 year prior to retirement buy a Gilt with a 10 year maturity - do this for following years working my way up the cashflow ladder - I would need to plan for what I would do if the market was down at any point during this period - perhaps something like - if down by >10% in a given year only sell enough equities to cover minimum expenses for the applicable year and hope for a recovery. This would seem like a reasonable hedge between being prepared and missing out on a recovery. Does this sound like a reasonable approach? What other approaches could I consider? I appreciate I wouldn't be acting upon this question til about 2039, ahead of retiring in 2049, but I guess that is a testament to how you have helped me with my financial planning. If you think this is too far out for planning when do you think I should revisit it? Thanks, Dave 21:02  Question 4 Dear Pete and Roger, I've been a faithful listener for some time and yours is one of the best financial podcasts in the UK. Thank you for all your hard work. I've recently read Pete's new book. Gosh, it was not a light read but it was extremely valuable to me. My question is whether it is worth stopping contributions to the NHS pension if the money is needed more now rather than in retirement. Me (34yo) and my husband (43yo) are in an incredibly privileged position where we have 800k pounds in our ISAs (majority) and SIPPs  and no debt. I love my NHS job and have no plans to leave it any time soon.  My husband couldn't care less for his work. We figured we would like him to retire soon so we can enjoy benefits of having a stay at home dad at home for our child. The problem is, we cannot live off my salary alone and will have to supplement it. I calculated that if he retired in 3 years we would have 3 years worth of cash to cover the shortfall, 5-6 if I have more take home pay due to not contributing to pension. Basically leaving the NHS pension would give us 2 extra years of not having to draw from our investments but would cost circa 1k of guaranteed annual income in retirement for every year of missed contributions, plus benefits - death in service etc. I just wonder if it is worth it for potential returns which are obviously not guaranteed.  Based on historical returns, allowing our investments to grow for 8 years will bring us to our FI number (25x annual expense). I feel this would be more valuable then having guaranteed income later in life. To me, being able to take out NHS pension in 34 years is completely abstract. I know you cannot give specific financial advise but I would love to hear your thoughts. Thank you in advance, Jane. 29:04  Question 5 Hi Roger and Pete, Love the podcast and have learnt so much! Thank you! I am 34 and have paid into the teacher's pension (TPS) for the last 8 years. For 5 years, I worked abroad and did not contribute to it. Living back in the UK, I am not sure how much longer I will be a teacher or eventually my school might even withdraw from it and offer a private pension instead. Missing 5 years of my pension whilst away, I did a few years whereby I increased my contributions using faster accrual from 1/57th to 1/45th of my salary, however I wasn't convinced this was actually going to make up for my lost contributions. This tax year, I decided to stop this and have now got back £300 a month into my salary. My question is whether I would be best to pay this £300 into a LISA (already have £1500 in there for my pension) or ditch this and pay it into a SIPP. I want to have access to some money if I retire early before I can access my TPS which I can imagine will be 70 by the time I am older. Thanks in advance. Rachel 32:07  Question 6 Hi Pete (and the fabulous Rodge) Me and my husband both listen to your podcast and absolutely love your content. We've gone from not really having a clue to having more than £50k between investments and savings for the first time this month, and we put it all down to you and your excellent advice. The question I have is about raising our children with good money attitudes. You like to say "your attitudes towards money are set by the time you're 7", and that makes me think about my kids, who are currently 1 and 3. Me and my husband are both second children, and couldn't be more different from our older siblings in terms of money attitudes. Both our older siblings are spenders, and both in significant amounts of bad debt, making what we would consider poor financial choices. On the flip side, we are both savers, sometimes to the point of unhelpfulness, and we've had to do a lot of learning about spending money to enjoy ourselves more in the here and now. Obviously, we've had functionally identical upbringings to our siblings, so I'm not sure what's made us so different, but certainly I never remember having any direct advice from my parents of money management, investing, budgeting ETC. What is your advice on imparting finical wisdom to our offspring? How is it different at 3 to aged 7, for example? What about their early/late teenage years and young adulthood? I haven't told my husband I'm submitting a question, but if he hears this he'll definitely know it was from me so I'll look forward to our conversation later based on your answers! All our best Hannah

It’s time for another Listener Questions session! This week we cover commercial property in pensions, ethical investing, inherited pensions and so much more. Shownotes: https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA16 [https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA16]    01:02  Question 1 Hi Peter / Roger, Many thanks for all the wisdom plus superb book, you two really make my week with the banter. I always hear about DB and DC pensions but wondered if you’d ever cover the following: Many business owners like myself own buildings outright (as a pension) within a Commercial Sipp and then loop back into this rental payments. Also, within this using a GIA for diversified investments including cash lump sums for tax relief when possible. I’m heading North of sixty soon and feel its time to start thinking of the exit plus implications. It would be fantastic to hear your advice on these in the future. Best Regards, Steve 05:47  Question 2 Hello Pete Can ethical investing beat inflation? Myself and my husband are both 63.  We retired at the end of last year, having sold the business we have run for the majority of our working lives. We have some small DC pensions and a SSAS which includes a commercial property.  We both have cash ISAs. I've done some research, helped massively by your podcasts and YouTube videos, so thank you so much for these. From what I have learned I understand that  we need to invest the cash from the business sale in Global Equities.  We also need to look at the investments within the SSAS which, up to now, the SSAS provider has managed.  Cash in the SSAS also needs to be invested. Is there a way of picking a Global Index Tracker which is ethical and will beat inflation and that requires minimal management to keep fees low?  I realise that we need to look at our cash accounts too with this in mind. Many thanks for all your excellent resources and advice, the fog of financial planning is starting to clear and I'm feeling less panicked about being able to manage the money for our future. Kind regards, Rachel 12:52  Question 3 Dear Pete and Rog, Your podcasts have been a real source of steadiness for me over the past few years - a pair of reliable voices amidst the wider financial chaos. I’m writing with a question about nominee (beneficiary) pensions. Sadly, my father passed away recently, and I’ve inherited half of his private pension pot - around £70k from a total of £140k. It’s been set up as a nominee pension, which I understand allows the money to remain invested and grow tax-free, with flexible access at any age. This has been a significant and unexpected legacy, and it’s opened up the possibility of scaling back to part-time work well before the official retirement age. (I’m in my late 30s, so there’s still a way to go, but it’s a big deal for me and brings more options for me) I don’t plan to draw from the pot for many years. My intention is to let it grow. The catch, however, is that the provider, without naming names, (let’s just say three letters, last one P), is expensive compared to what I’m used to (I invest monthly in a Vanguard LifeStrategy ISA). When I’ve done some projections I can see that if leave the money where it is indefinitely, the fees will quietly erode a decent chunk of the long-term gains. There’s a 6-year early exit charge, so for now I’m content to leave it be. I’m still dealing with bereavement and all the admin of being an executor, so pressing pause on any big financial decisions feels like the right call at this early stage. But when that 6-year period ends, I’ll be weighing up whether to stick or twist. My question is: can nominee pensions be transferred to another provider without losing the key benefits, like the tax-free growth and the ability to access the funds flexibly before retirement age? I’ve looked into alternatives- transferring into my ISA would take years due to the annual limit; a general investment account loses the tax perks; and a conventional pension would lock the funds away until age 55+, which undermines the very flexibility that makes this pot so helpful for future semi-retirement plans. I’d be really grateful for any ideas or thoughts you might have on this. All the best, Alan 19:29  Question 4 Hi guys, I am 31 years old and currently investing 15% of my gross income into my retirement. 6.8% via my employer's DB CARE scheme, and the other 8.2% into my SIPP. My wife and I also contribute £200pm  into a S&S ISA for our son. We hope by the time he is 18 (3 months old now) this fund could pay for university, travel, driving - whatever he wants to do (within reason!). By age 60, I would like to be in a position to retire, whether I do that or not is another question, but I would at least like the option to. I often see YouTube videos titled "SIPP vs ISA which is better?" but I don't see much about how to use them in tandem. Do you have any advice on the optimal weighting between an ISA and SIPP given I'd like to retire before State/DB pension age and therefore, should I be splitting the 8.2% with a S&S ISA too? Thank you! John 24:08  Question 5 Hi Pete & Roger, I’m a big fan of the podcast, it’s been a great source of advice for me - thanks for that. I’m currently 55 and probably not looking to draw down anything from my pension until I’m 60 at the earliest. I hadn’t paid into my pension for a number of years and now trying to contribute as much as I can to catch up a bit. My main SIPP is £130,000 with Vanguard in a FTSE Global All Cap Index Accumulation Fund and is 100% equity as I’m looking for as much growth as possible over the next 5-10 years and beyond. I also have £25k in another SIPP, a small NEST workplace pension and approximately £60k in a Stocks & Shares ISA, all of which are in various global tracker funds. My main question is, is it a good idea to have everything in global index funds because of the heavy weighting to the USA, especially in tech stocks? I had considered changing my Vanguard fund to their LifeStrategy 100 fund which has a bit more of a UK weighting. I know you probably can’t suggest specific products, but I wondered what your general advice would be on this, especially with all the uncertainty in the USA under the Trump administration? Thanks in advance, Alex Wilson 30:29  Question 6 Hi Pete and Rog, Love the podcast and I've been listening for a good few years now, so I thought I'd throw my hat into the ring with a question. I was hoping you could give a quick overview of Qualifying Corporate Bonds, what characteristics the bonds need to have to qualify, what the tax treatment is and where to invest etc. I'm in the fortunate position of having made my contributions in full to my ISAs and Pensions and I'm looking for a tax efficient way to invest an extra few £s. I've heard that they are effectively treated like Gilts but was hoping you could illuminate. Thanka, Adam from Skipton, North Yorkshire

Another mixed bag of questions this week, including pension tax free cash, salary sacrifice for electric cars, de-risking a pension and buying gilts! Join us as we answer your most pressing questions! Shownotes: https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA15 [https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA15]  01:05  Question 1 Love the show, and whilst not all relevant to my own circumstances, find it all very interesting and enjoyable. Question :-You regularly discuss taking the 25% tax free and what to do with the rest (annuity or drawdown) but need advice as I have 4 different pension pots, 3 frozen and 1 existing employer. I am looking to take the 25% from one of the frozen ones to pay off mortgage but not clear on the below: - Can I keep the remaining 75% in the pension scheme and not take either drawdown or annuity until a later date (when I take early retirement)? - More importantly, I am sure I have read that once you start to take your pension, the amount you can contribute is capped.  How does this work if it is a frozen pension I am taking the 25% out of and would this impact on my current employer pension contributions? Thanks as always Paul 05:19  Question 2 Hi Pete and Roger, Absolutely love the show, after listening to yourself for a number of years, I'm 30 and would even go to say I'm financially savvy as a result of everything I've learned over the years I'm wondering if you could help me with a question? My retired dad was looking for an electric car and as I've got a salary sacrifice scheme with work it seemed the best way to get an electric car for him. My father said that he would give me the equivalent of the total rental amount in cash as I pay for the car via Salary sacrifice on a monthly basis. I'm obviously the policy holder, with the responsibility for it but my father would be named as a driver (unsure if this is relevant). This amount is around £35k, and I'm wondering if the worst was to happen (father kicking the bucket under 7 years) how would this be treated for tax purposes? As the money is in effect to pay for a good or service, would drawing up a contract or something of the like allow it to not be treated as a gift and exempt from the estate upon death, the same as if you send a family member money for a holiday or other purchases? Thanks so much for your help! Ruben 10:37  Question 3 Hi guys, love the podcast! I have a workplace pension that’s currently invested in a fairly basic fund, and I’m looking to take more control over it by choosing my own investments. I’m 38, so I still have time before I need to think about de-risking. My plan is to allocate 80% to a global equity fund, 10% to the S&P 500, and 10% to global bonds. I don’t have a huge amount invested, but it’s enough to make me consider whether I should be a bit tactical with my approach. With global index funds near all-time highs, should I wait for a slight market dip before making these changes, or just go ahead and make the move now? Steve. 13:59  Question 4 Hi Pete, Great idea to pause the “new material” and focus on questions. I was thinking that there are only so many ways to skin a cat/re-frame a concept! I would very much like to hear a little more around the concept of a bond or gilt ladders as one approaches/reaches retirement. Despite being a Chartered Accountant and working in financial services, I’m embarrassed to admit that I become flummoxed when thinking about how to set such up. I understand gilts can be purchased individually and held to maturity (as opposed to gilt or bond funds), but where and how do we buy them if our retirement savings are tied up in our employer’s pension scheme - and they certainly don’t offer such! I dare say that the demographic of your listeners/viewers are “of a certain age” where this sort of subject would be of interest. Thanks and all the best Avid listener Peter Coleman 22:22  Question 5 Love your podcast, it's been really helpful since setting up our business. Got a question for you, my wife and I set up the business 3 years ago and it's gone incredibly well so far. After pension contributions at £60k each and paying ourselves a salary/dividend equal to £100k each per year, the business continues to accumulate money. We currently have £750k spread across multiple business savings accounts. However, is there a better way to manage this money? We have considered setting up a housing rental company but we have not looked into this in detail. We have a financial advisor who seems to focus heavily on pensions rather than what we can do with the surplus money. Thanks, Mark C 28:25  Question 6 Hi there, I’ve invested in vanguard index funds for over a decade and have recently begun to actually think what goes on behind the scenes? When we invest in passive funds, like S&P 500, does that money blindly go into the businesses that make up that fund - ie just giving money to them, not knowing how good they are as companies, just because they happen to be part of an index, they get the investor's cash? I read somewhere, for example, there’s billions of dollars invested in Amazon from index funds yet all that money was given by people like me who have no idea about these businesses?  I feel like I’ve totally misunderstood how it works so interested to hear. Thanks, Marc

Welcome to another MM Q&A, taking in budgeting rules of thumb, pension tax relief and offshore worker pension contributions, and lots more besides! Shownotes: https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA14 [https://meaningfulmoney.tv/QA14]    01:57  Question 1 Hi Pete, I’ve been a long-time follower of your podcast and hope to be retiring or entering my ‘renaissance’ in the next five years or so. I’d like to know if you think the 50, 30, 20 rule is still a good rule of thumb, or is there a better one? About a year ago, I decided to give a presentation on pensions to the new starters at my workplace. As I prepared, I realised that while I could explain the mechanics and importance of pensions, the bigger challenge would be addressing the feeling many have that they "can’t afford" to contribute due to financial pressures—especially for younger people. Reflecting on my own experiences during university and early work life, I noticed a pattern: no matter how much I earned, I always seemed to end up with zero by the end of the term or month. Earning more didn’t make me happier, and I was going out less compared to when I had very little. A detailed review of my spending revealed I was wasting money on unnecessary things—like buying three CDs instead of two, upgrading to a large coffee when a medium would do, or adding extras to my car that weren’t needed. It was only when I learnt to pay myself first that everything changed overnight. Recently, I’ve been listening to podcasts about retirement that emphasise health, purpose, and happiness. One by Dr. Chatterjee introduced the concept of core happiness versus junk happiness. Core happiness comes from meaningful, lasting fulfilment, while junk happiness provides short-term pleasure through things like sugar, smoking, alcohol, social media, or shopping. Looking back, much of my unnecessary spending was driven by junk happiness. While paying myself first helped control this, understanding the why behind it made a big difference. This led me to realise that my presentation shouldn’t just focus on the mechanics of finance—it also needed to explore the psychology behind spending. Understanding why we buy the things we do is important to becoming more financially secure while staying happy. It was something in one of Nischa’s videos that seemed to tie everything together at a high level: the 50-30-20 rule —50% for fundamentals, 30% for fun, and 20% for the future. So my question is ( I know I’ve gone around the houses so sorry about that) given today’s financial turbulence, do you think this is still a good rule to follow? Kind regards, Steve 09:16  Question 2 Hi Pete and Roger, Thanks for all the content you've put our over years, it really has been so helpful. I am 54 and have a work place pension with Fidelity where my employer matches my contributions to a certain level and I make additional through my monthly pay to the tune of £2.400 p.m. This summer I am due to inherit around £130,000 and will look to add around 20k of it  into my pension fund.  My question relates specifically to tax relief. I understand that when I make the contribution in the summer I will get 20pc tax relief automatically, but how will this show itself, will my contribution of 20k actually show on my pension balance a 24k?    Also as a 40pc high rate tax payer I understand I will need to to complete a tax return to claim the additional 20%.  This being the case, would I still be able to do this if I had left my employment later in the same tax year as I may be looking to retire in Autumn 2025.  Would it be the case that as I was no longer a higher rate tax payer as at 4 April 2026 I would not be able to claim the extra 20pc  on the 20k contribution the previous summer kind regards Gary 16:09  Question 3 Hi Pete & Roger, Firstly, I am absolutely addicted to your podcast. What you’re doing is nothing short of heroic and am waiting to see your names on the New Year Honours List. Sir Pete and Sir Roger has a nice ring to it, don’t you think? I am 34 and work in a career that gives me the opportunity to go on expat assignments (typically 3-year stints). This results in me becoming a non-tax resident in the UK meaning I can no longer contribute to the UK DC workplace pension and no longer able to contribute to my S&S ISA. My company do have an Offshore version of the DC pension but contributions to this are made after hypothetical tax so effectively there is no tax relief and to be honest I have really struggled to understand how I would access this pension come retirement and the UK tax implications so will likely avoid contributing to it this time around. When I go on an expat assignment, although I do get significant uplifts to my income, it interrupts my flow of regular pension and ISA contributions. The income I earn on assignment just mounts up and gets eaten up by inflation until I return to the UK and continue investing again. My question is what advice would you give to people like me? Should I speak to a financial planner before I go on assignment, or can I DIY this? Should I try to max out pension contribution limits before I go on assignment and max them out on return or should I be investing in GIAs while I am on assignment? What other considerations would you recommend? Thanks, Ryan 23:23  Question 4 Dear Pete and Rog, Thanks so much for your podcast - not just for the technical tips and tricks but for educating us towards and encouraging healthy relationships with finances. Q1 can I buy you a drink when I'm next in Cornwall? Q2 I don't know if this will resonate with other listeners, but here goes.... Pete, you have sometimes made reference to your upbringing in a Christian home, particularly in relation to talking (or not!) about money.  I appreciate that it may not be something you have chosen to follow in later life, but I guess if anyone understood the moral, ethical and belief issues surrounding money and Christianity, you might. As a Christian who tries to follow Biblical principles & the teachings of Christ, on one hand I strongly believe that what ever we have, be that time, skills, talents or money, they are a gift from God and we should use them or "steward them" well.  I am an NHS consultant so am fortunate to be in both 1995 and 2015 DB NHS pension schemes, expect to get a full state pension, am building an emergency fund, don't have bad debts, have adequate insurance / income protection and am seeking to invest a little of my spare money via an ISA into a low cost, passive, globally diversified index tracker (not financial advice!)  This seems wise to me.  I would encourage my fairly grown up children in this way too. On the other hand, there is much Biblical teaching along the lines of - "don't worry about tomorrow, what you will wear etc", "build up treasures in heaven rather than on earth" and "seek first the Kingdom of God".... Have you any thoughts or insights on how I might square some of this.  Or can you point me in the direction of planners / advisors who can? Many thanks once again. Robbie 31:14  Question 5 Hi Roger and Pete Love the show, which I have recommended to so many people. I consider myself a more mature investor with long-term savings, ISA's and Pensions who has also completed the build wealth course on Meaningful Academy and coaching with Alistair. I was listening to the Making Money podcast with Damien, and he was interviewing the COO of Nest who talked about how they are offering access to Private Equity investment via Schroders Capital. So my question is, what do you think of this as an option for further diversification, and are there any good options/ funds for private investors like me to access? Thanks in advance Jamie 35:23  Question 6 Hi guys, Been listening for a couple years now. Really enjoy the show and the rapport you both have. You’ve made me passionate about saving regularly into my stocks and shares ISA, maximising pension contributions and building up an emergency fund. My dad is 71 and has recently been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. He is still in good shape, but we are starting to think and plan more for the future. My sister and I have recently been set up to have power of attorney so we can help with various health and financial things when the time comes. My dad is selling a property (not his main residence) and once completed will have about £250,000 in cash sitting in his bank. He receives a DB pension of just under £60k a year which he can comfortably live on. £60k of the £250k is currently in a cash ISA with a decent enough rate. Although I think this may be best sat within a stocks and shares ISA tracking a global equity index fund, as he will almost certainly not need this money any time soon. Could he transfer the £60k cash ISA to a stocks and shares one? I have suggested for him to put £50k into premium bonds and I think he would like £50k readily available in an instant access account should it ever be needed. This would leave him with about £90k that we’re not sure what to do with. Do you have any tips for the remaining cash whether that be with a short term, or medium to long term view? (GIA? Fixed term income account? Gift the money? Anything else we’re missing?) His pension makes him a higher rate tax payer but his estate would fall under the inheritance tax threshold. (If my question is already too long, please don’t feel obliged to read this last part out!) Finally my sister and I are also concerned about potential fraud or him doing something daft. Not only because he has Alzheimer’s, but it seems anyone can so easily be caught out these days. Do you have any tips for us to help combat this or what his bank might suggest. We haven’t currently told his bank about his condition or that my sister and I have power of attorney. Thanks for all your great work, Steven