Hebrews Part 4 - 2:1-8

Hebrews Part 6 - 3:1-19

Verse 1-6 • “Partakers of the heavenly calling” – Heb 6:4, 8:5, 9:23, 11:16, 12:22, Matt 6:9-10, Luke 11:13 i. Don’t be confused – Heavenly calling is different than a position in the heavens. • “Consider” – set your mind upon. The writer wants their audience to see how Jesus was a faithful high priest, more than Moses. • “Apostle and high priest” ii. Apostle = One sent forth with orders, messenger, delegate. iii. High Priest = Chief priest, holding the high priestly position – whenever you see priest mentioned you know its audience is Israel. • “Who was faithful to him that appointed him” – John 5:36, 17:4. • “As also Moses was faithful in all his house” – Exo 40:1-16, Num 12:1-8 • Verse 3 – Jesus is worthy of more honour than Moses being the builder of the house, Moses being part of it – Acts 7:38, Matt 16:18, 1Pet 2:5. • Verse 4 – A physical reality used to show a spiritual/biblical one – God is creator of all, the world (Col 1:16), Israel (Exo 4:22, Isa 64:8), Body of Christ (Eph 2:10). • “Moses… faithful…. In his house… as a servant” – Exo 14:31. i. “For a testimony of those things spoken after” – Deut 18:15-19, John 1:45, 5:46, Acts 3:22. ii. The things Christ would speak – Matt 4:17 • “Jesus…..faithful(vs2)…as son… over his house” – The writer in these verses is showing how Jesus Christ is greater than Moses. • “Whose house are we, if we hold fast” – Matt 10:22, Rev 2:25-26, Matt 6:14-15. If-Then = under the law. Verse 7-14 • “As the Holy Ghost saith” – The next few verses are quotes from Psalmd 95:7-11. • “Take heed” – A warning to not be like the generation in the wilderness that had unbelief and do not make it to the promised land. • “Exhort one another daily” – So that they do not slip, fall away. • “Partakers of Christ….if we hold…..Steadfast unto the end” – Matt 24:9-10 • “The beginning of our confidence” – vs 6, 10:35, 1John 2:27-28 (John 15:1-14), 3:18-24, 5:14. • “Unit the end” – 1Peter 1:7-13. Verse 15-4:1 • Vs 15 – Quoting Psalm 95:8 • Vs 16-19 – Using Israel in the wilderness ass an example – Num 14. • 4:1 - A warning to the remnant to not be like those in Israel in the day of they murmured again God and didn’t go in the land. • The remnant must trust God unto the end, even through the tribulation. • Old covenant Israel is an example for New covenant Israel, Not the body of Christ.

Hebrews Part 5 - 2:9-18

Verse 9-10 • “But we see Jesus” – Here the writer identifies the name of the Son, the Messiah, Christ Jesus. • “Who was made a little lower than the angels” – Because he put on flesh – Psalm 8:5, Phil 2:5-7, Gal 4:4. • “For the suffering of death” – Part of the purpose for which he came – Isaiah 53, Luke 24:44-46 • “Crowned with glory and honour” – Because of his work, being God, triumphing over his enemies – Isaiah 53:11, Acts 2:33, 3:13, 5:31, Phil 2:8-9, Col 2:15. • “Taste death for every man” – This is the judgement of God – Gen 2:15-17, 3:17-19, Matt 10:28, Rom 6:23, 1Cor 15:25-26. i. The gospel message is that Jesus paid our debt, he died – Phil 2:8, Luke 23:46, Rom 5:6-8 • “Him for whom are all things and by whom are all things – Jesus Christ – Col 1:16-17. • In bringing many sons unto glory” – John 1:12, Psalm 102:16, Isa 62:1-3, 1Pet 1:11, 5:10. • “Captain of their salvation” – Acts 3:15, 5:31. • “Perfect through sufferings” – Not that his person needed to be made perfect but his experience, tasting death and suffering temptation makes him the complete captain and author of Israel’s salvation. Verse 11-13 • “He that sanctified hand they who are sanctified are all of one” – God – John 17:17-22 • “He is not ashamed to call them brethren” ii. Psalms 22:2 (church = congregation – Acts 7:38) iii. 2Sam 22:3 iv. Isa 8:18 Verse 14-18 • “Flesh and blood, He also himself took part in the same” – John 1:14, 1Tim 3:16 • “That through death He might destroy….. the devil” – Col 2:15, Rev 1:18 – He had to become man to experience and defeat death. • Verse 15 – His triumph over death gives him power to deliver others from it i. .We are freed from the bondage of the “fear of death” – 2Tim 1:10 • Verse 16 – He took on him the nature of man, not angels. i. “Seed of Abraham” – Isa 41:8-9, John 1:11 • Verse 17 – It was necessary for him to become man, experience temptation, defeat death so that he could make reconciliation for Israel as a faithful priest -Heb 4:15 • Verse 18 – He suffered through temptation but did not sin making him complete to help those who are tempted -

Hebrews Part 4 - 2:1-8

Verse 1-4 • “Therefore” – The thing proceeding in the following verse are argued from the point made in chapter 1 – Jesus is the Son of God. • “We ought to give the more earnest heed to the things which we have heard” – Heb 1:2, Matt 28:18-20. • “Lest at any time we should let them slip” – James 1:22-25, Luke 6:47-49, John 14:21. • Verses 2-4 is comparing Jesus earthly ministry/doctrine to Law. NT>OT but both have consequences for those who do not obey. • “For it the word spoken by angels” = The law – Deut 33:2, Acts 7:53, Gal 3:19 • “Every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward” – Deut 17:12, Num 15:30-36. • “How shall we escape” – Notice the “we”. Rejecting the message of Jesus results in the same judgement as disobedience to the law – Heb 10:28-31, Acst 5:1-11, Luke 12:4-5, Matt 10:28. • “So great salvation” – Doesn’t have to be talking about soul salvation of sins – Exo 14:13, 1Sam 11:13, 19:5. i. This Salvation is spoken in MMLJ – Luke 1:69,77, 2:30, John4:22 ii. The cross was not preached for salvation – Luke 9:6, 18:31-34, Matt 6:10-15, 19:16-17, Mark 13:13. • “Which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord” – This makes it clear that the content of Hebrews is for remnant Israel – Matt 4:17, John 6:68-69. • “And was confirmed unto us by them that heard him” – Rom 15:8, Acts 2:16, 3:19-21, 2Pet 1:16-21. i. The author of Hebrews then cannot be Paul as he did not receive his message from any of the disciples – Gal 1:11-19. • “Verse 4” – Mark 16:15-20 - This is how God would confirm his message throughout scripture Verse 5-8 • Gods purpose was for man to have dominion, not angels – Gen 1:28 • “World to come” – What Israel looks forward to – Heb 6:5, 13:14, 2Pet 3:13. • The writer uses prophecy to show that Gods purpose was for man to have dominion and how this is fulfilled in Jesus – Dan 7:13-14 • “Verse 6-8” – Psalm 8:4-6, Job 7:17. • “Nothing that is not put under him” – This includes angels – Matt 28:18, 1Pet 3:22 • “We see not yet all things put under him” – The kingdom had not yet come, they are still waiting.

Hebrews Part 3 - 1:2-14

Verse 2-4 • “By his son” – This is the topic of this chapter, Jesus was the Son of God the only begotten of the Fsther – John 1:14,18, 3:16, Heb 1:5. • Only begotten ~only one of its kind~ - Heb 11:17-19, Gen 6:2, Job 1:6, John 1:12, Rom 8:14. • “Whom he hath appointed heir of all things” – Because he is the creator of all things. • “By whom also he made the worlds” – Shows his power as God – Col 1:15, John 1:3, Eph 3:9. • “Who was the brightness of his glory” – John 1:14, Matt 17:1-2, 2Pet 1:16-17, John 12:39-41, Isa 6:1-4,9-10. The flesh was a veil, but his glory still shone through. • “And the express image of his person” – Strongs ~the exact expression of any person or thing, marked in likeness, exact reproduction in every aspect~ Col 1:16 • “Upholding all things by the word of his power” – By him all things exist and consist - Col 1:17, Gen 1, Rev 19:15,21 • “When he had by himself purged our sin” – He was God, he didn’t need help to purge sins. • “He sat down at the right hand of Gods” – Where he is today. (Standing in acts 7:56) • “Being made so much better than the angels” – So much better, no comparison – Col 1;16, Psalm 103:20, Rom 8:38-39, Acts 7:51, • “A more excellent name than they” – Isa 9:6-7. Luke 1:32-33, Phil 2:9-11 Verse 5-7 • “This day have I begotten thee” – At the resurrection - Psalms 2:7, Acts 13:33, Heb 5:5 – His name is not only Jesus but Son – Rom 1:4, Matt 3:17, 17:5 • “I will be to him a Father” – 2Sam 7:13-14 • “And let all the angels of God worship him” – Psalm 97:7, Jon 1:6, Neh 9:6, Luke 2:13 • “And his ministers a flame of fire” - Angels are his ministers – Psalm 104:4, Matt 4:11, Luke 22:43 Verse 8-14 • “But unto the Son he saith” - Contrasting between angels being ministers and the Son be over all. • Vs 8-9 – Psalm 45:6-7. • “Unto the Son He saith…. O God” – Showing Jesus deity. • Vs 10-11 – Psalms 102:25-27, Isa 51:6 • “But thou art the same” – Heb 13:8, Mal 3:6 • Vs 13 – Psalm 110:1 • Vs 13-14 – The angels do not have a position at the right hand of the Father, they are his ministers. • “Heirs of salvation” Believing Israel – Rom 11:25-27, Isa 62:1. • Conclusion – Heb 2:18

Hebrews Part 2 - Introduction/1:1-2

OVERVIEW a) Pure speculation on authorship… Luke – Luke 1:1-2 cf Heb 2:3-4. • Words in Luke 19,482, Acts 18,450, Hebrews 4,953 – Heb13:22 • Would make sense why the reference to Timothy – Acts 16:1-10 cf Heb 13:23. • Neither Luke nor Acts name the author. b) Hebrews is the longest of the Hebrew epistles. As Romans is to the BoC, Hebrews is to NC Israel/Remnant. It is the foundational doctrinal book for NT Israel c) Popular passages in Hebrews – Heb 4:12,16, 9:27,10:4,25, 11:1,6, 12:1-2, 6-7, 13:5-6 d) Important but ignored passages – Heb 1:1-2, 2:3-4, 6:4-6, 9-11, 7:12,19,8:13, 9:15-17,28, 12:28. e) Summary of the book in sections – Heb 6:1 • The first principles of doctrine of Christ: ch 1-5 1) 1:3-14 – Jesus as God, higher than angels. 2) 2:6-18 – Jesus as man, lower than angels. 3) 3-4 – Must follow Jesus into their rest. Must endure & not err as the fathers did with Moses in the wilderness. 4) 5 – Christ is the high priest after the order of Melchisedec • The principles of perfection: 6-13. 1) 6 – Remain faithful to receive the better promise 2) 7 – A better priest 3) 8 – A better covenant 4) 9-10 - A better blood/sacrifice 5) 10 – Patience and Faithfulness required 6) 11 – Examples of the need for faith and obedience 7) 12 – The need for chastisement and godly fear 8) 13 – The need for righteousness and to serve God acceptably Verse 1-2 • “God” – The ultimate author – 2Tim 3:16, 2Pet 1:20-21. • Gods purpose changes, he did not say everything at once. • Sundry times = When God spake – ~Several, different, separate, divers~ • Progressive revelation - Cf Rom 10:4-5 vs Deut 6:25, Gen 9:3 vs Deut 14:3 vs 1Tim 4:4, Joel 3:10 vs Micah 4:3, Rom 16:25 vs Acts 3:21. • Divers manners = How God spake – Different ways, different manners. • His voice – Gen 1:3, 12:1-4, Exo 19:19. Dreams – 20:3. Prophets – 2Sam 12:7,11. Angels – Matt 1:20-21. Apostles – 1Cor 14:37. The Son – John 6:63, Mark 1:14-15. • Not only did God speak at different times in different ways, but also to different people. Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, 12 apostles, Paul. • Time past, unto the fathers, by the prohpets = Gen-John the baptist, Old covenant, Kingdom coming, keep the law. • Last days, unto us, by his son = Matt-John, Kingdom at hand, new covenant being established, law in your hearts. • Hebrew deals with changes in Israel’s program – Heb 8:6-8. • Hebrews 1:1-2 teaches the principle of progressive revelation and the need for rightly dividing because God spoke at different times, in different ways, to different people.