Future of work: A Gen Z wake-up call

Future of work: A Gen Z wake-up call

Kashyap "Kash" Rajesh is 20 years old, a Junior at Cornell University studying Information Science and Government with a minor in AI, and he's been working in AI policy since he was 14. He supported the founding of Encode, a non-profit originally founded by young people, focused on how AI is impacting the public and particularly the next generation, which grew to 40 states and every inhabited continent. As VP, he helped lead and grow the organization, which advised the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy's AI Bill of Rights and filed an FTC complaint against AI companion app Replika. He now supports the Rithm Project, a research and movement-building org focused on pro-social AI and human connection, and is involved in research at the Cornell Brooks Tech Policy Institute and the JEM Lab for Generative AI at Work. In this episode, Kash talks with Svenia Busson about: * Why entry-level jobs may outlast middle management in the AI transition — and what Gen Z should do about it * The Game Plan playbook Encode created to help Gen Z navigate the future of work (four archetypes: the Sleeper, the Anchor, the Tactician, and the Shaper) * The loneliness crisis that preceded generative AI — and how AI is amplifying, not creating, it * The Rithm Project's youth research report identifying nine portraits of how young people relate to AI chatbots * AI sycophancy — and what it quietly does to a generation's capacity to be wrong * The wave of state-level AI safety legislation: California's SB 53, the New York RAISE Act, and Illinois House Bill 315 * Why the Take It Down Act matters and how non-consensual deepfake imagery is already a crisis in schools A rare, honest, and deeply informed voice from inside the generation most affected by AI. Links mentioned: * ENCODE https://encodeai.org/ * The Rithm Project: https://www.therithmproject.org/ * Cornell Brooks Tech Policy Institute: https://publicpolicy.cornell.edu/btpi/ * Surgeon General's Advisory on Loneliness and Isolation (2023): https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf * California SB 53 / Illinois House Bill 315 / New York RAISE Act

Sorbonne's AI college for humanities students

What if AI education wasn't just for engineers and computer scientists, but for every student, regardless of their field? That's exactly the bet Camille Salinesi is making at one of the world's most iconic universities. Camille is a full professor of computer science at the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne [https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/], where he has been based since 1999. A specialist in requirements engineering and applied AI, he has published over 250 peer-reviewed papers. He heads the university's AI Observatory [https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/] alongside legal scholar Célia Zolynski. This autumn, he co-launches the Collège de l'IA [https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/actualite/le-college-de-lia-formation-inedite-tous-etudiants-la-licence] — France's first undergraduate-level AI diploma designed not for STEM students, but for students in law, history, philosophy, economics, and the arts. The programme, backed by France 2030 [https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/actualite/paris-1-pantheon-sorbonne-obtient-5-millions-deuros-developper-projet-aisorb], will give bachelor students 200 hours of AI training layered on top of their existing degree. In this conversation with Svenia Busson, Camille discusses: * Why AI literacy is as urgent for a law student as for a software engineer * The critical shift in information systems engineering from reliability to trust * How the Sorbonne is rethinking assessments in the age of AI — and why students themselves are demanding it * The difference between students who use AI to cheat and those who use it to learn * What the future of software engineering jobs actually looks like

A Philosopher's case against AI

In this episode, Svenia Busson sits down with Dr. Alex Carter, Associate Professor at the University of Cambridge, Fellow of Fitzwilliam College, and Director of Creativity Research at the Centre for AI Interaction. Alex holds a PhD in philosophy from Essex — with roots in Wittgenstein and the philosophy of language — and has become one of the UK's most provocative thinkers at the intersection of philosophy, creativity, and AI. His central claim: AI is not creative in the same way we are. Not because it lacks power, but because "AI does not think like us, it thinks like we think we think", it is a mirror of human thought, not thought itself. In this conversation, we explore: 🔹 Why AI is fundamentally incapable of creativity — and the philosophical argument behind it 🔹 The "race to the middle": as we outsource our thinking to AI, humans get slightly worse while AI appears slightly better, and we meet at mediocrity 🔹 Why education systems have been "teaching algorithmically" for decades — long before ChatGPT. AI didn't create the problem; it just made it impossible to ignore 🔹 Why AI should make problems for students, not solve them — and what "friction maxing" means for learning 🔹 The Gartner Hype Cycle [https://www.gartner.com/en/research/methodologies/gartner-hype-cycle] and why reaching the "plateau of productivity" requires a complete rethink of education 🔹 The Durham Commission on Creativity (2001) — and why 25 years later, nothing has changed in the UK 🔹 What consciousness really is — and why even the engineers building AI don't fully understand what they've made 🔹 Why philosophy should be the connective tissue of every discipline — and why we need more philosophy, not more philosophers References & links mentioned in this episode: * Alex's website: adcphilosophy.com [https://adcphilosophy.com/] * The Durham Commission on Creativity and Education: https://www.artscouncil.org.uk/sites/default/files/download-file/Durham_Commission_on_Creativity_04112019_0.pdf * The Gartner Hype Cycle [https://www.gartner.com/en/research/methodologies/gartner-hype-cycle] * PISA — now updated to include a creativity assessment (https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/student-performance-pisa.html) * Bill Lucas [https://www.winchester.ac.uk/about-us/leadership-and-governance/staff-directory/staff-profiles/lucas.php] on creativity skills and perseverance * Simone Weil [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/simone-weil/] — French philosopher referenced on personalized learning * Philosophy for Children (P4C) [https://www.sapere.org.uk/] by Thoughtful and the PLATO [https://plato-philosophy.org/] organization

Measuring what actually matters in Edtech

Dr. Asyia Kazmi, OBE spent 12 years teaching mathematics in some of London's toughest schools, and she loved every minute of it. She went on to advise the UK government, work at PwC, lead Global Education Policy at the Gates Foundation, and is now CEO of WISE (World Innovation Summit for Education, https://www.wise-qatar.org/ [https://www.wise-qatar.org/]), a Qatar Foundation initiative that convenes the world's leading minds to solve education's hardest problems. In this conversation with Svenia Busson, recorded live in Paris, Asyia shares what the classroom taught her that no policy document ever could and how that foundation shapes every investment decision, every programme she designs, and her vision for the school of the future. We explore: — What it really means to measure learning, and why waiting 2–3 years for impact evaluations is simply unacceptable — How she built an AI and EdTech portfolio at the Gates Foundation that significantly improved the learning of 2.5 million children across India and Sub-Saharan Africa, working with partners like Central Square Foundation, Fab Inc, and EIDU. — What she looks for when evaluating an EdTech product (from pedagogical rigour to data protection for children) — Why teachers are irreplaceable (and how AI might free them to do what only humans can do) — Why motivation may become the new inequity divider in an AI-powered world — Her instinctive vision of a future-proof school, built for the most underserved communities — The WISE Prize — a $1M+ prize open to established education organisations ready to test bold new ideas. Applications close 27 June 2026 (go check it out here: https://www.wise-qatar.org/innovation/wise-prize-for-education [https://www.wise-qatar.org/innovation/wise-prize-for-education]) Organisations & people Asyia recommends exploring: The Citizens Foundation, Pakistan — CEO: Zia Akhter Abbas (2,500+ schools for underserved communities) Pratham Education Foundation— Rukmini Banerji Madhi Foundation — Merlia Shaukat Language and Learning Foundation — Dr. Dhir Jhingran Human Capital Africa — Dr. Oby Ezekwesili, former Minister of Education of Nigeria and co-founder of Transparency International EEDI (for maths) https://www.eedischool.com/us [https://www.eedischool.com/us] EIDU (foundational literacy and numeracy in Africa) https://www.eidu.com/ [https://www.eidu.com/]

Making computer science tangible for children

Linda Liukas spent her early career surrounded by engineers in Silicon Valley, working at Codecademy [https://www.codecademy.com/] and dreaming of a different kind of computer science education — one that felt tangible, joyful, and human. In 2014, she launched a Kickstarter for Hello Ruby [https://www.helloruby.com/], a children's storybook teaching the big ideas of computer science through characters and storytelling. She asked for $10,000. She got nearly $400,000 — and a community of 10,000 believers. Since then, Linda has been doing exactly that: making computer science accessible to children through picture books, drawing workshops, and — most recently — computational playgrounds. The first one, a six-meter-tall computer you can actually crawl through, opened in Helsinki two years ago. More are being built across Europe, each one locally designed, intensely participative, and built to last 20 years. In this episode, Linda and Svenia discuss: * Why "learn to code was never about learning to code" — and what it was really about * Why, in the age of AI, teaching the foundations of computer science matters more than ever (not prompting, not tools — the underlying ideas) * How she designs computational playgrounds that make technology learnable through the body * The Reggio Emilia philosophy [https://www.reggiochildren.it/en/] — and why she turns to it whenever she feels lost in the noise around AI * Lessons from the Finnish education system — its rise, its PISA scores, and the worrying trends (Pasi Sahlberg's work [https://pasisahlberg.com/] for those who want to go deeper) * What three things the French education system is teaching her son that will serve him well in the age of AI Linda also recommends a future guest: Annabel Blake, an Australian researcher who has done fascinating PhD work on young people and AI companions — neither pessimist nor optimist, but deeply nuanced: https://www.annabelblake.com/ If you missed it, we also refer to our Episode 37 with philosopher Alex Montag on Socratic dialogue — well worth a listen: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/socratic-dialogue-in-the-age-of-ai/id1847420474?i=1000767131871