The Tlaxcalan Alliance: How Cortés Won Mexico

The Tlaxcalan Alliance: How Cortés Won Mexico

We all know Cortés conquered the Aztecs with just a few hundred Spaniards — or did he? In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the single most decisive factor in the fall of Tenochtitlan: the massive Indigenous alliance that fought alongside the conquistadors. Centered on Tlaxcala, the small republic that defied the Aztec Empire for decades, we trace how Cortés turned former enemies into the backbone of his army. Lucas walks us through a key battlefield in the Tlaxcalan border wars — the Otumba plains, July 1520 — where the Spanish nearly died until the Tlaxcalan cavalry turned the tide. We discuss the internal politics of the Tlaxcalan senate, the strategic brilliance of Xicotencatl the Younger, and the uneasy peace that followed. The conversation dives into the Lienzo de Tlaxcala, a painted manuscript produced by the allies themselves to demand land and privileges from the Spanish crown, and we close with the bitter aftermath: how Tlaxcala's loyalty was rewarded with marginalization. This is the story of the people who actually conquered Mexico. #Tlaxcala #Cortés #Xicotencatl #Otumba #LienzodeTlaxcala #Tenochtitlan #AztecEmpire #Mesoamerica #Conquistadors #IndigenousAlliance #Nahuatl #SpanishConquest #Mexica #History #FexingoHistory #Warfare #ColonialMexico #Podcast Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

La Malinche: Beyond the Myth of the Traitor

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the life and legacy of Malintzin, also known as Malinche or Doña Marina, the Indigenous interpreter and advisor who played a pivotal role in Hernán Cortés's conquest of the Aztec Empire. They move beyond the simplified label of 'traitor' to examine her as a Nahua woman from a noble family, sold into slavery, who leveraged her multilingual skills to survive and wield influence. The conversation delves into her early life in the borderlands between the Aztec and Maya worlds, her linguistic abilities in Nahuatl, Maya, and later Spanish, and her strategic importance at key moments like the Cholula massacre and the siege of Tenochtitlan. They discuss how she is remembered in Mexico today, from the term 'malinchismo' to her depiction in art and literature, and consider the ethical complexities of her choices in a world of colonial violence. The episode also touches on recent scholarly attempts to recover her Indigenous perspective, grounded in sources like the Florentine Codex and the Lienzo de Tlaxcala. #Malintzin #Malinche #HernanCortes #Nahuatl #AztecEmpire #Tenochtitlan #ConquestOfMexico #IndigenousHistory #CholulaMassacre #FlorentineCodex #LienzoDeTlaxcala #BernalDiazDelCastillo #MexicanHistory #ColonialLatinAmerica #Mesoamerica #Conquistadors #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Totonac of Cempoala: Cortés's First Major Indigenous Ally

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the pivotal alliance between Hernán Cortés and the Totonac people of Cempoala, the first major indigenous group to side with the Spanish against the Aztec Empire. We trace the Totonac's motives: resentment of Aztec tribute demands, a strategic gamble to free themselves from Moctezuma's grip. Through firsthand accounts from Bernal Díaz del Castillo and the Lienzo de Tlaxcala, we examine the dramatic meeting between Cortés and the Cacique Gordo, the Totonac decision to imprison Aztec tribute collectors, and the battle of Cempoala that cemented the alliance. We also discuss how this partnership provided Cortés with thousands of warriors, supplies, and a beachhead at Veracruz, and how the Totonac's support shaped the course of the conquest. Finally, we consider the aftermath: how the Totonac fared under Spanish rule and their legacy in modern Veracruz. #Cempoala #Totonac #CaciqueGordo #HernánCortés #AztecEmpire #MoctezumaXocoyotzin #BernalDíazDelCastillo #LienzoDeTlaxcala #Veracruz #SpanishConquest #IndigenousAlliance #Mesoamerica #Conquistadors #Tribute #Cacique #History #FexingoHistory #16thCentury Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Cholula Massacre: Cortés's Bloody Prelude to Tenochtitlan

In October 1519, just months after landing in Mexico, Hernán Cortés and his Tlaxcalan allies slaughtered thousands of unarmed nobles in the sacred city of Cholula. This episode unpacks what happened, why, and whether it was a preemptive strike or a calculated act of terror. We explore the competing accounts from Bernal Díaz del Castillo, the Florentine Codex, and indigenous sources; the role of Malintzin in the alleged conspiracy; and the lasting image of Cholula as a warning to Mesoamerican cities. We also consider Cholula's own political rivalries with Tlaxcala and the Aztecs, and how the massacre reshaped the balance of power on the road to Tenochtitlan. Names, dates, and direct quotes ground the conversation in specifics. #Cholula #MassacreOfCholula #HernánCortés #Malintzin #Tlaxcala #Mesoamerica #Aztec #Conquistadors #SpanishConquest #BernalDíaz #FlorentineCodex #CholulaPyramid #Quetzalcoatl #Tenochtitlan #IndigenousHistory #WarCrimes #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Siege of Tenochtitlan: How Cortés Beat 300,000

In this episode, Lucas and Luna dive into the final siege of Tenochtitlan in 1521—the brutal, year-long campaign that ended the Aztec Empire. Lucas unpacks Cortés's tactical brilliance: building a fleet of 13 brigantines on Lake Texcoco, cutting off causeways, and orchestrating a water blockade that starved the city. He explains how thousands of Tlaxcalan and Texcocan allies provided the bulk of the fighting force, and how smallpox—introduced by a Spanish slave—devastated the Mexica population. The conversation covers key moments like the fall of Tlatelolco's marketplace, the capture of Cuauhtémoc, and the relentless day-by-day advance that left Tenochtitlan in ruins. Lucas also highlights the role of indigenous allies' motivations—revenge, tribute freedom, and land—and how the siege reshaped Mesoamerican power forever. No romanticizing the conquest here: it's a story of disease, alliance, and systematic destruction. #SiegeOfTenochtitlan #AztecEmpire #HernanCortes #Cuauhtemoc #Mexica #Tlaxcala #Texcoco #Brigantines #Smallpox #ConquestOfMexico #Tlatelolco #Altepetl #Mesoamerica #IndigenousAllies #1521 #History #FexingoHistory #MilitaryHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]