The Gospel Underground Podcast

Episode 190 - The Creation of Humanity

Scripture Referenced Genesis 1:26-28; Genesis 3:15; Psalm 8; 2 Corinthians 4:5; Colossians 1:13 Quotations Ontological or Structural Views of Image of God Augustine (354-430) located the image in the rational soul, finding a trinitarian structure in memory, understanding, and will (De Trinitate, Books IX–XIV). “The mind is the image of God, in that it is capable of Him and can be partaker of Him.” — De Trinitate 14.8.11 (NPNF trans.) Anselm (1033-1109) follows a similar line of thinking, treating the image as the capacity to remember, understand, and love God: “I acknowledge, Lord, and give thanks that you have created in me this your image, so that I may remember you, think of you, love you. But this image is so worn away by vices, so smudged by the smoke of sins, that it cannot do what it was created to do unless you renew and refashion it.” — Proslogion, ch. 1 Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) grounds the image in intellect and freedom: “Man is said to be made to God’s image, in so far as the image implies an intelligent being endowed with free-will and self-movement.” — Summa Theologiae I-II, prologue “Intellectual creatures alone, properly speaking, are made to God’s image.” — ST I, q. 93, a. 2 Aquinas also distinguishes a threefold image: by nature (all men), by grace (in those justified), by glorification (in the blessed) — ST I, q. 93, a. 4 Functional View of the Image of God Functional - The image of God means to have dominion, that human beings were made to rule and reign as representatives or vice regents of God on the earth. Anthony Hoekema brings together the structural and functional views: The image of God in man must therefore be seen as involving both the structure of man and the functioning of man— Hoekema, Created in God’s Image, 1986 Relationally as central to understanding Image of God Karth Barth (1886-1968) is the key theologian here - he saw "male and female he created them" to indicate relationality as key to understanding the image of God. Summary God created us with certain capacities (intellect, understanding, emotions, will), to do what he created human beings to do (rule and reign and represent God on the earth) in covenantal relationship with God and other people. Other Quotations Cited “The image of God carries with it the right not to be mistreated or harmed.... Regardless of their record or character, all human beings have an irreducible glory and significance to them, because God loves them.... So we must treasure each and every human being as a way of showing due respect for the majesty of their owner and Creator.” — Timothy Keller, Generous Justice “We are not to consider what men merit of themselves but to look upon the image of God in all men, to which we owe all honor and love.” — Institutes IV.1.7

Episode 189 - The Creation of the Cosmos

Scriptures Referenced Genesis 1:1-5; Hebrews 11:1-3; Colossians 2:8; 2 Corinthians 4:5-6; 2 Timothy 2:24-26; Colossians 1:13-14 Confessions Cited The Apostles Creed The Nicene Creed The Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church The Westminster Catechism The London Baptist Confession The New City Catechism Philosophy and Forming Actual Infinites St. Bonaventure's Arguments https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bonaventure/ [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bonaventure/] Hilbert's Hotel Paradox - https://www.britannica.com/video/paradox-David-Hilbert-hotel/-205800 [https://www.britannica.com/video/paradox-David-Hilbert-hotel/-205800] Scientific References Red Shift and Big Bang Cosmology https://youtu.be/3W2GMSQOZq8?si=C-kUm_KarPJlGFZ3 [https://youtu.be/3W2GMSQOZq8?si=C-kUm_KarPJlGFZ3] Books Referenced William Lane Craig, Reasonable Faith Christian Truth and Apologetics, 84. Robert Jastrow, God and the Astronomers, 1978.

Episode 188 - Engagement in the Borderlands

Scripture Referenced 2 Timothy 2:24-26; 2 Corinthians 10:4-5; Matthew 5:43-47; 2 Corinthians 4:1-7 Link Referenced Guiding Philosophies of The Gospel Underground https://www.gospelunderground.org/mission-and-vision [https://www.gospelunderground.org/mission-and-vision] Thoughtful and Respectful Engagement As we seek to impact people in the borderlands between the church and culture, we desire to think deeply about life, faith, and the ideas of the world, while engaging them with kindness and civility. (1 Peter 3:15, Colossians 4:2-6)

Episode 187 - Fight Together

Scripture Referenced Stronger Together - Romans 15:6 that together you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Prepared Together - 1 Peter 1:13 Therefore, preparing your minds for action, and being sober-minded, set your hope fully on the grace that will be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ. Fight Together - 1 Timothy 6:12 Fight the good fight of the faith. Take hold of the eternal life to which you were called and about which you made the good confession in the presence of many witnesses.

Episode 186 - Strengthen One Another

Show Notes Scripture Referenced Matthew 7:12; Acts; Hebrews 3:12-14; 2 Corinthians 1:3–4; Romans 12:1; Joshua 1:8,9; Isaiah 41:10, 2 Corinthians 12:9, 10; Hebrews 13:7–9; 2 Timothy 2:1–2 Links and Lyrics Referenced The Home Team - A Guide to Family Worship [https://www.gospelunderground.org/s/10-The-Home-Team-A-Family-Worship-Resource.pdf] We are Not as Strong as we think we are [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GiikMNJTvME] by Rich Mullins John Piper, Be Strengthened by Grace, https://www.desiringgod.org/messages/be-strengthened-by-grace. Accessed March 5, 2026. A Mighty Fortress is our God [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vT6HQ1QaU4] by Martin Luther Books Referenced Timothy Keller, Preaching: Communicating Faith in an Age of Skepticism [https://www.amazon.com/Preaching-Communicating-Faith-Age-Skepticism/dp/0525953035], 163