A Dive Into Darkness - The Story Behind The Story

A Dive Into Darkness

Hello, I’m Paul Franks and I’ve written a conspiracy-thriller called ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, based upon my four years researching HIV/AIDS. In this original podcast series, I’ll tell you everything you need to know about the story behind the story, the four-year research and writing process from inspiration to publication, and all points in between. In Episode Thirty-Three of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, I will tell you about how I was influenced by the American writer, Dan Harmon. By October 2022, I had re-plotted ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ into what I felt was a compact, 5 day, ‘all-thriller, no filler’, novel. I had watched dozens of Reedsy advice videos and many other novel-writing videos as well. Still, I wasn’t happy. There are many different forms of novel structure, some of them such as the ‘3-Act Structure’ being incredibly simplistic. The three-act structure is a model used in narrative fiction that divides a story into three parts (or acts), often called the Setup, the Confrontation, and the Resolution. Basically, a beginning, middle and end – that to me wasn’t going to help me write a densely plotted thriller. It was then I discovered Dan Harmon and his ‘Story Circle.’ Harmon’s ‘Story Circle’ has 8 elements: 1) A character is in a zone of comfort, 2) But they want something. 3) They enter an unfamiliar situation, 4) Adapt to it, 5) Get what they wanted, 6) Pay a heavy price for it, 7) Then return to their familiar situation, 8) Having changed I found when I applied these elements to Anne-Sophie in ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ it worked beautifully. So, from Dan Harmon, I got the knowledge of how to plan a more detailed plot and also to produce a ‘character arc’. The protagonist had to be a different person by the end of the novel. Anne-Sophie is certainly that! In addition, Dan Harmon gave me the title ‘A Dive Into Darkness.’ In his fantastic ‘Story Structure 102: Pure, Boring Theory’, he says: ‘Whereas the health of an individual depends on the ego's regular descent and return to and from the unconscious, a society's longevity depends on actual people journeying into the unknown and returning with ideas. In their most dramatic, revolutionary form, these people are called heroes, but every day, society is replenished by millions of people diving into darkness and emerging with something new (or forgotten): scientists, painters, teachers, dancers, actors, priests, athletes, architects and most importantly, me, Dan Harmon.’ I’d been unhappy with ‘The Red Book’ as a title for a while. I wanted something that captured the book’s genre and theme: ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ was perfect as Anne-Sophie finds herself presented with a live or die, sink or swim, scenario. If you’re interested in how to write a story, or just want to read some very funny articles, please read the Dan Harmon links I’ve included below. Thank you, Dan. And, thank you for listening to Episode Thirty-Three of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’. I hope you enjoyed it. If you did, please tell your friends about it. In Episode Thirty-Four of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, ‘John Truby’, I will tell you about another writing guru’s influence on ‘A Dive Into Darkness.’ Till the next time, goodbye and happy reading. A reminder that ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ is available both as an ebook and paperback, with Barnes & Noble and Amazon and all the references/links connected with this podcast can be found at my ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ Substack page. https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855 [https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S] https://channel101.fandom.com/wiki/Story_Structure_104:_The_Juicy_Details [https://channel101.fandom.com/wiki/Story_Structure_104:_The_Juicy_Details] Dan Harmon’s Story Circle https://channel101.fandom.com/wiki/Story_Structure_102:_Pure,_Boring_Theory [https://channel101.fandom.com/wiki/Story_Structure_102:_Pure,_Boring_Theory] Dan Harmon Story Circle: 8 Proven Steps to Better Stories This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cascades.substack.com [https://cascades.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1]

A Dive Into Darkness

Hello, I’m Paul Franks and I’ve written a conspiracy-thriller called ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, based upon my four years researching HIV/AIDS. In this original podcast series, I’ll tell you everything you need to know about the story behind the story, the four-year research and writing process from inspiration to publication, and all points in between. In Episode Thirty-Two of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, ‘Carlos Alcaraz and The Lightbulb Moment’, I will tell you how I began turning ‘The Red Book’ into ‘A Dive Into Darkness’. I can tell you precisely when ‘The Red Book’ began to morph into ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ – the evening of September 11th, 2022. I was in Alderney, in bed, nursing a very sore torn calf muscle and listening to the Men’s US Open tennis final, hoping the ‘future of tennis’, Alcaraz, would win his first Grand Slam title. I was pondering ‘The Red Book.’ It had many flaws, the main ones being too much medical-science and a meandering, weeks long, plot. As I was lying in bed trying to get to sleep, I remembered what Dan Brown had said about the ticking clock. I decided there and then to compress the novel’s action to seven days. The next day I would compress it even further, to five. I had reached this stage of writing novels without actually doing much research into the writing process. Way back in June 2020, when I was planning out ‘Race’, I knew I wanted chapters to be short as I wanted to write a book with chapters that people could read on short Tube journeys, or on the toilet! In September 2022, I knew short, sharp chapters were perfect for a ‘page-turning’, hard-to-stop reading, thriller and a ticking clock was another way of building tension and as ‘Reedsy’ put it, raising the stakes. Next day, 12th September (or, as I call it, Kevin Pietersen day), I found the Reedsy video, ‘8 Ways to Raise Your Story's Stakes’. These were: Create goals; Add a ticking clock; Raise the emotional stakes; Raise the external consequences; Create a sacrifice; Avoid plot armour; Create stakes in each scene; Create moral no-win situations. I looked at the plot for ‘The Red Book’ and realized I had most of those elements already. Shortening the action to five days meant that I could cram a gallon into a pint pot – the novel would definitely be ‘All thriller, no filler’! I was filled with excitement and on my way to devouring every Reedsy creative writing video on Youtube. By the time of the Queen’s funeral, a week later, I had re-plotted ‘The Red Book.’ It wasn’t the finished article, but it was already a hell of a lot better. Thank you for listening to Episode Thirty-Two of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’. I hope you enjoyed it. If you did, please tell your friends about it. In Episode Thirty-Three of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, I will tell you about Dan Harmon and how he inspired the title, ‘A Dive Into Darkness.’ Till the next time, goodbye and happy reading. A reminder that ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ is available both as an ebook and paperback, with Barnes & Noble and Amazon and all the references/links connected with this podcast can be found at my ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ Substack page. https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855 [https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S] Dan Brown - Masterclass live Reedsy, ‘8 Ways to Raise Your Story's Stakes’ This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cascades.substack.com [https://cascades.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1]

A Dive Into Darkness

Hello, I’m Paul Franks and I’ve written a conspiracy-thriller called ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, based upon my four years researching HIV/AIDS. In this original podcast series, I’ll tell you everything you need to know about the story behind the story, the four-year research and writing process from inspiration to publication, and all points in between. In Episode Thirty-One of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, ‘The Road to A Dive Into Darkness’, I will tell you how I went from my first attempt at writing a novel, ‘Race’, in 2020, to my, at least, fourth attempt, ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, in November 2022. As I said previously, ‘Race’ was based upon my research into what I termed the rabbit-hole of Edward Hooper’s ‘AIDS caused by HIV caused by contaminated polio vaccines in the late 1950s’ hypothesis. By Easter 2021, my following of the evidence had led me to conclude that the American, UK and French medical-science establishment had become obsessed with an unicorn – that AIDS had been caused by a new retrovirus, and this had led to the ‘discovery’ in 1983 (Paris) and 1984 (Washington) of a ‘deadly’ pathogen, and the naming of that pathogen as HIV in 1986. My research had uncovered the simple, basic scientific reality, that the ‘deadly’ pathogen was a double-contaminant, found only in ‘HIV’ labs around the planet, nowhere in nature. I had established that the official ‘Cut hunter / soldier’ theory of the origins of HIV was another nonsense, but unfortunately another nonsense that was swallowed hook, line and sinker by a gullible public and a rapacious ‘Medical-Science-Big Pharma-Media’ complex, blinded by riches, rewards, research grants, fame and prizes. I had discovered a much simpler, less glamourous, or rewarding, truth, that ‘fast-lane’ bath-house-attending gay males, shooting-gallery frequenting IVDUs and Factor VIII ingesting hemophiliacs, had, as a result of too many infections entering their bodies on a too regular basis, simply burned out their immune systems, leaving them defenceless to ward off usually harmless ‘invaders’. No new pathogen required. By Easter 2021, my job was to transfer hundreds of hours of research into a readable book and my first attempt at doing this was ‘The Fast lane Experiment.’ Looking back at the ‘Chapter By Chapter’ plan, I can see that this was A) An ambitious work, starting with the Stonewall Riots of June 1969, and concluding round about 1992. B) Not much good! In the summer of 2021, I read Montagnier’s autobiography, ‘Virus’, which I read as almost a confessional. There are enough nuggets in there to take down the official ‘HIV causes AIDS’ narrative from the horse’s mouth. I also learned that he kept a record of his experiments in a red book, a piece of information which would very quickly come in very useful. By late October 2021, I was struggling to put down on paper my desire to write a commercial novel based upon my HIV/AIDS research. It was only then, the day before I went off to France for a week’s holiday, that I had an epiphany. I loved murder mysteries, thrillers, especially Dan Brown-esque conspiracy thrillers like ‘The Da Vinci Code’ – why not write a conspiracy thriller? I began to watch as many Dan Brown interviews as existed on Youtube, to listen to any conspiracy-related podcasts and to read conspiracy-novel guides. Dan Brown’s major legacies were thorough planning, chapter by chapter, time pressure (ticking clock), the inclusion of a crucible – the physical point of no return and, seemingly, no escape, and lastly the contract – by the end of the book there should be no loose ends or unanswered questions. By the time I stepped off the ferry in Dunkirk, I had planned out ‘The Red Book’- my third attempt at an HIV/AIDS novel. This was a hybrid of ‘The Fast-Lane Experiment’ and a couple of other ‘novels’ that never got beyond the title and planning stages. By the autumn of 2022, it had become a tale of two narratives. First, Jean-Marie Montreau’s adventures in America in 1976, where he learned of the incoming AIDS storm in New York and San Francisco, and helped deal with the Legionnaire’s outbreak in Philadelphia. Second, his Parisian daughter, Anne-Marie Montreau’s, discovery that what she had been told about his death was not the truth. The conspiracy element was the propagation and protection of the fake ‘HIV causes AIDS’ narrative, the truth of which is contained in the eponymous red book. So, ‘The Red Book’ was the forerunner to ‘A Dive Into Darkness.’ I spent a year planning and writing it, as well as carrying out plenty more research into AIDS – none of which swayed me from my conviction that there had been a 40-year global conspiracy and cover up. However, by September 2022, I was still unhappy about my work-in-progress novel. It most definitely wasn’t the next ‘Da Vinci Code.’ Tom Hanks had no need to hold his breath. Thank you for listening to Episode Thirty-One of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’. I hope you enjoyed it. If you did, please tell your friends about it. In Episode Thirty-Two of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, I will tell you about my how The Red Book became ‘A Dive Into Darkness.’ Till the next time, goodbye and happy reading. A reminder that ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ is available both as an ebook and paperback, with Barnes & Noble and Amazon and all the references/links connected with this podcast can be found at my ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ Substack page. https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855 [https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S] Dan Brown - Masterclass live This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cascades.substack.com [https://cascades.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1]

A Dive Into Darkness - The Story Behind The Story

Hello, I’m Paul Franks and I’ve written a conspiracy-thriller called ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, based upon my four years researching HIV/AIDS. In this original podcast series, I’ll tell you everything you need to know about the story behind the story, the four-year research and writing process from inspiration to publication, and all points in between. In Episode Thirty of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, ‘KS, Poppers and the Malpractice of Dr James Curran’, I will focus on the event which convinced me that the CDC’s James Curran was guilty of serious malpractice. On p133 of ‘And The Band Played On’, Shilts describes how IVDUs, although suffering from the same T4 cell deficiency as gay men, they suffered from PCP pneumonia but not Kaposi’s sarcoma, KS. ‘Only gay men seemed to be getting the skin cancer.’ The gay men were obviously doing something different to the IVDUs. Let Harry Haverkos take up the story: ‘I worked with Dennis Bregman and his co-worker Dr Paul Pinsky. Paul, I think, did a lot of the work, but anyway, they came out with a single variable that separated the gay men with Kaposi's from the gay men with pneumocystis. It was nitrite inhalants (poppers), which was a startling discovery, I thought, and it made a lot of sense to me. It [nitrite] causes blood vessels to dilate, and it [Kaposi's sarcoma] is a blood vessel tumor. Kaposi's is predominantly in gay men, and nitrites are used more by gay men than heterosexuals. It turns out if you reviewed the cancer studies, the research studies that had been done on poppers, it caused cancer in the Ames Test. This made just total sense to me. It was like a eureka moment. But the problem was-- I got these results, so we stopped in September-October of '82. We stopped enrollment, and we finally got the data analyzed. I came back from a meeting in Italy in June of '83, and Paul Pinsky told me what the answer was. Nitrite inhalants. This is now June, July of '83, and I am excited. This is like "hot stuff." Anyway, I presented to the Task Force, and the Task Force was --unimpressed. Jim Curran sent me back to re-analyze, break it out by groups, male interviewers, female interviewers, length of interview. Anyway, it turned out, in the secondary analysis, every analysis was higher [for] Kaposi's, whether you split it up by any of these groups. These results were incredibly robust. CDC was under the gun from PHS [Public Health Service] because we hadn't found the virus yet. When they put in their budget request--I think [Dr. Walter] Walt Dowdle told me this later, in August or September of '83--it turns out CDC listed their number one accomplishment in their fiscal year 1984 budget request, their major accomplishment was ruling out a role of nitrites as the cause of AIDS. So, I presented this to the Task Force. I couldn't present this. I had a big lecture in San Francisco at the end of August, and Curran made it perfectly clear if I said a word about this study, he'd can me. Emotions were high. There was a lot of tension going on.’ In a research paper Haverkos reported that ‘Multivariate analysis showed that the variable most strongly associated with Kaposi's sarcoma was the use of large quantities of nitrite inhalants.’ On 1 April 1983, a press release was issued by Joseph F. Miller, 'president of Great Lakes Products, Inc., the nation's largest manufacturer of nitrite-based odorants'. It was entitled, 'U.S. Government Studies Now Indicate that Nitrite-Odorants Not Related to AIDS!' According to Miller, 'the assistant director of the Center for Infectious Diseases (a part of the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta), Dr. James Curran, invited him to Atlanta in late November of last year to discuss the work being done by CDC relative to its AIDS investigations'. (If true, this meeting would be a very serious indiscretion on Curran's part, raising the possibility of collusion between the poppers industry and CDC officials.) According to Miller's press release, the CDC assured him that 'no association exists between nitrite-based odorants and AIDS'. This for me is a shocking episode. Let me reiterate: James Curran, the Chair of the CDC’s KSOI Task Force, the man with overall responsibility for the collation and publication of the Case-Control Study, the most important research of early GRID/AIDS amongst gay men, effectively blocked the dissemination of one of the Case-Control Study’s most important findings, that poppers was key contributor to ‘gay cancer’. This is on top of the mysterious 20 month delay in the publication of the report itself which stated clearly that ‘The occurrence of these diseases (KS/PCP pneumonia/Opportunistic infections) was found to be associated with certain aspects of lifestyle, including a greater number of male sex partners per year, exposure to feces during sex, history of syphilis, non-B hepatitis, EBV and CMV, treatment for enteric parasites, use of various illicit substances.’ Just as occurred with 9/11 and the FBI and the CIA, this was clear evidence of conspiracy and malpractice by a US government organization, clear evidence of putting the preservation of an institution, before the preservation of human life. Thank you for listening to Episode Thirty of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’. I hope you enjoyed it. If you did, please tell your friends about it. In Episode Thirty-One of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, I will tell you about my second attempt at a novel, The Fast Lane Experiment. Till the next time, goodbye and happy reading. A reminder that ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ is available both as an ebook and paperback, with Barnes & Noble and Amazon and all the references/links connected with this podcast can be found at my ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ Substack page. https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855 [https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Band-Played-Politics-People-Epidemic/dp/0285640194 [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Band-Played-Politics-People-Epidemic/dp/0285640194] ‘And The Band Played On’ Harry Haverkos interview https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3878602/ [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3878602/] Disease manifestation among homosexual men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a possible role of nitrites in Kaposi's sarcoma, Haverkos https://cascades.substack.com/publish/posts [https://cascades.substack.com/publish/posts] My Substack site, ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ Hank Wilson interview – Gay guys, poppers and KS. https://paganpressbooks.com/jpl/POPBOOK.PDF [https://paganpressbooks.com/jpl/POPBOOK.PDF] POPPERS & AIDS. Wilson and Lauritsen This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cascades.substack.com [https://cascades.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1]

A Dive Into Darkness - The Story Behind The Story

Hello, I’m Paul Franks and I’ve written a conspiracy-thriller called ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, based upon my four years researching HIV/AIDS. In this original podcast series, I’ll tell you everything you need to know about the story behind the story, the four-year research and writing process from inspiration to publication, and all points in between. In Episode Twenty-Nine of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, ‘The CDC’s Response To AIDS – Part Three, I will focus on the official explanations provided as to why publication of the most important report into GRID / AIDS thus far, the ‘KSOI Task Force’s Case-Control Study’, was delayed for twenty months, by which time it had become almost an irrelevance as the ‘retroviral cause of AIDS’ snowball got bigger and bigger, and the AIDS net had widened to include hemophiliacs, Haitians, heroin addicts, transfusion cases and victims in Europe and Africa. In ‘And The Band Played On’, Randy Shilts says that the raw data compiled between October and December 1981 had to be ‘neatly analyzed, with all the scientific ratios that the general public doesn’t understand,’ or else the ‘conclusions would never stand up in a court of science. To utter them publicly would threaten the CDC’s credibility.’ On p119, Shilts writes the ‘case-control study was hopelessly mired because they didn’t have the staff and money to tabulate the questionnaires.’ Harold Jaffe, the CDC’s lead on the report stated that ‘It took a long time to analyze the case control study, partly because we didn't have a full-time statistician working with us. We had to borrow one from the epidemiology program office, who is, I think, a very bright statistician, but a bit difficult to work with. So he basically said, Well, give us the data and I'll give you the answer, but leave me alone. So that was kind of the way it worked. He was doing what at the time were fairly sophisticated multivariable analyses.’ He also said ‘that really the differences between the cases and the controls involved lifestyle. The cases were much more sexually active, they were much more sort of out there, they were going to bathhouses all the time, they were using a lot more drugs. Men who were very sexually active were using a lot of drugs.’ Harry Haverkos had his say on the delay in 2016: ‘The problem was, yes, I was very interested in the analysis, and so were Harold and a guy named [Dr.] Keewhan Choi, the statistician who was assigned to work with us. I worked with them for several months, but they did not agree on so many things, and I just saw myself as getting in the way. Harold, I think, argued as a biologist. He was saying, all these variables are confounded with each other; numbers of partners, rates of STDs, drug use. We need to group these variables to lead us to an infectious agent. Is it a toxin? Keewhan Choi was kind of rigid--I see him as a statistician, and so I described them as two artists. Harold's an impressionist, and Keewhan Choi is a photographer. Choi basically was going to look at the data, and let the numbers speak. They couldn't agree, and so they grouped them different ways. The analysis took forever because they couldn't agree on how to do it. We didn't publish that work until October of '83 (actually August). We had preliminary data by December of '81. By December we had the first printouts, percentages that did this or that. But I don't think the results--I don't think we announced the results to the general public because Harold and Keewhan couldn't agree on the results. I don't know what happened.’ Despite being one of the most eagerly awaited reports in the CDC’s history, with 1,000s pf lives depending upon it, the KSOI task force’s case study report really died a death. Shilts doesn’t mention it much after the early part of 1982. This reflects the fact that ‘lifestyle as the cause’ was replaced by ‘virus as the cause’ from the middle of 1982 onwards. The kicking of the report into the long grass cost 1,000s of lives. If CMV infection had been given the prominence it deserved, hundreds of thousands of gay men would have been told that even kissing was a risk because one of the most effective means of CMV transmission is saliva exchange. Thank you for listening to Episode Twenty-Nine of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’. I hope you enjoyed it. If you did, please tell your friends about it. In Episode Thirty of ‘A Dive Into Darkness’, I will look at the event which convinced me that the CDC’s James Curran was guilty of serious malpractice. Till the next time, goodbye and happy reading. A reminder that ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ is available both as an ebook and paperback, with Barnes & Noble and Amazon and all the references/links connected with this podcast can be found at my ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ Substack page. https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855 [https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-dive-into-darkness-paul-franks/1145527746?ean=9781917129855] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dive-Into-Darkness-Paul-Franks-ebook/dp/B0D32DP97S] https://www.amazon.co.uk/Band-Played-Politics-People-Epidemic/dp/0285640194 [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Band-Played-Politics-People-Epidemic/dp/0285640194] ‘And The Band Played On’ Harry Haverkos interview https://cascades.substack.com/publish/posts [https://cascades.substack.com/publish/posts] My Substack site, ‘A Dive Into Darkness’ https://globalhealthchronicles.org/items/show/5385 [https://globalhealthchronicles.org/items/show/5385] Harold Jaffe This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cascades.substack.com [https://cascades.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1]