Meta & Fysikken

Meta & Fysikken: Afsnit 115: Hvad sker der i rummet for tiden?

Vi tager endnu en runde med universelt stof! Hvad sker der i rummet lige for tiden? 1: 3I/Atlas 2: Sten fra Mars 3: Temporary Moon 4: Sattelite made out of wood 5: Starship  6: Store tal 7: Enhederne meter og sekund ----------------------------------- 1:  3I/Atlas NASA deler første fotos af 3I/ATLAS: Ikke rumvæsener [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/nasa-deler-foerste-fotos-af-3i-atlas-ikke-rumvaesener/] https://videnskab.dk/rummet/nasa-deler-foerste-fotos-af-3i-atlas-ikke-rumvaesener/ [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/nasa-deler-foerste-fotos-af-3i-atlas-ikke-rumvaesener/] NASA press release 19.11.25: ESA: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2025/12/Comet_3I_ATLAS_shows_activity_in_Juice_navigation_camera_teaser [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2025/12/Comet_3I_ATLAS_shows_activity_in_Juice_navigation_camera_teaser] ESA - Comet 3I/ATLAS shows activity in Juice navigation camera teaser [https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2025/12/Comet_3I_ATLAS_shows_activity_in_Juice_navigation_camera_teaser] During November 2025, ESA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (Juice) used five of its science instruments to observe 3I/ATLAS. The instruments collected information about how the comet is behaving and what it is made of. In addition, Juice snapped the comet with its onboard Navigation Camera (NavCam), designed not as a high-resolution science camera, but to help Juice navigate Jupiter’s icy moons following arrival in 2031. Though the data from the science instruments won’t arrive on Earth until February 2026, our Juice team couldn’t wait that long. They decided to try downloading just a quarter of a single NavCam image to see what was in store for them. The very clearly visible comet, surrounded by signs of activity, surprised them. Not only do we clearly see the glowing halo of gas surrounding the comet known as its coma, we also see a hint of two tails. The comet’s ‘plasma tail’ – made up of electrically charged gas, stretches out towards the top of the frame. We may also be able to see a fainter ‘dust tail’ – made up of tiny solid particles – stretching to the lower left of the frame. The image was taken on 2 November 2025, during Juice’s first slot for observing 3I/ATLAS. It was two days before Juice’s closest approach to the comet, which occurred on 4 November at a distance of about 66 million km. We expect to receive the data from the five scientific instruments switched on during the observations – JANUS, MAJIS, UVS, SWI and PEP – on 18 and 20 February 2026. The delay is because Juice is currently using its main high-gain antenna as a heat shield to protect it from the Sun, leaving its smaller medium-gain antenna to send data back to Earth at a much lower rate. Though Juice was further from 3I/ATLAS than our Mars orbiters were back in October [https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/ESA_s_ExoMars_and_Mars_Express_observe_comet_3I_ATLAS], it observed 3I/ATLAS just after the comet’s closest approach to the Sun, meaning that it was in a more active state. We expect to see clearer signs of this activity in the data from the science instruments. This includes not only images from JANUS – Juice’s high-resolution optical camera – but also spectrometry data from MAJIS and UVS, composition data from SWI, and particle data from PEP. ESA - ESA’s ExoMars and Mars Express observe comet 3I/ATLAS [https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/ESA_s_ExoMars_and_Mars_Express_observe_comet_3I_ATLAS] We have an update on 3I/ATLAS!  Until September, figuring out the location and trajectory of 3I/ATLAS relied on Earth-based telescopes. Then between 1 and 7 October, our ExoMars TGO turned its eyes towards the interstellar comet from its orbit around Mars. The comet passed relatively close to Mars, approaching to about 29 million km during its closest phase on 3 October. The Mars probe observed the comet from a new viewing angle. The triangulation of its data with data from Earth helped to make the comet’s predicted path much more accurate. The result was an impressive ten-fold leap in accuracy, reducing the uncertainty of the object’s location. Because 3I/ATLAS is passing through our Solar System fast, travelling with speeds up to 250 000 km/h, it will soon vanish into interstellar space, never to return. The comet is currently being observed with our Juice spacecraft.  Though Juice is farther from 3I/ATLAS than the Mars orbiters were last month, it is seeing the comet just after its closest approach to the Sun, when it is in a more active state. We don’t expect to receive data from Juice’s observations until February 2026.  Komet Kalender: -------------- 2: Sten fra Mars: https://www.sciencealert.com/curiosity-cracked-open-a-rock-on-mars-and-revealed-a-big-surprise [https://www.sciencealert.com/curiosity-cracked-open-a-rock-on-mars-and-revealed-a-big-surprise] Curiosity Cracked Open a Rock on Mars And Revealed a Big Surprise : ScienceAlert [https://www.sciencealert.com/curiosity-cracked-open-a-rock-on-mars-and-revealed-a-big-surprise] https://phys.org/news/2025-12-evidence-driven-climate-mars-jezero.html [https://phys.org/news/2025-12-evidence-driven-climate-mars-jezero.html] Evidence of rain-driven climate on Mars found in bleached rocks scattered in Jezero crater [https://phys.org/news/2025-12-evidence-driven-climate-mars-jezero.html] -------------------------- 3: Temporary Moon Earth currently has a temporary moon, an asteroid designated 2025 PN7, that is in a quasi-satellite orbit. It is not permanently bound to Earth like the main Moon, but rather shares Earth's orbit around the Sun, occasionally entering our planet's gravitational influence for several decades before drifting away again. Earth has had other temporary "mini-moons" in the past, and this is not expected to be the last.  About 2025 PN7 : Size: The asteroid is between 18 to 36 meters wide, or about the size of a building.     Orbit: It orbits the Sun but has been temporarily captured by Earth's gravity and is expected to remain a quasi-moon until about 2083. Distance: It does not get as close as the regular Moon, swinging between 4 and 17 million kilometers away from Earth (Moon is 384400 km away, so between 10 and 44 Lunar distances) 2025 PN7 - Wikipedia [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_PN7]  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_PN7 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_PN7] --------------------------- 4: Satelite made out of wood: https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/ESA_flying_payloads_on_wooden_satellite [https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/ESA_flying_payloads_on_wooden_satellite] ---------------------------------- 5: Starship  A: can get us really fast to Uranus: https://phys.org/news/2025-10-starship-uranus.html [https://phys.org/news/2025-10-starship-uranus.html] —————- B: Starship og kapløb med Kina https://videnskab.dk/rummet/starship-10-opsendt-med-succes-alligevel-faar-usa-svaert-ved-at-naa-til-maanen-foer-kina/ [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/starship-10-opsendt-med-succes-alligevel-faar-usa-svaert-ved-at-naa-til-maanen-foer-kina/]   ældre artikel: https://videnskab.dk/rummet/spacex-raketten-starship-10-er-eksploderet-faar-store-konsekvenser-for-amerikansk-maanelanding/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=vores-nyhedsbrev [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/spacex-raketten-starship-10-er-eksploderet-faar-store-konsekvenser-for-amerikansk-maanelanding/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=vores-nyhedsbrev] ---- 6: Store tal For at forstå store tal er det nogen gange meget godt at omregne det til noget andet.  1 * 10^6 sekunder = 11.5 dage 1 * 10^9 sekunder= 31.7 år 1 * 10^12 sekunder = 31 710 år Så kan vi måske forstå hvor meget forskel der er på en millonær og en millardær. Trillionær burde ikke eksistere.  ----------------- 7: Enhederne meter og sekund  Generelt kom jeg til at tænke på enheder.  Meter:   Historical definition: Historically, a meter was defined as one ten-millionth of the distance from the North Pole to the equator along the Prime Meridian. In 1960 the metre was thus defined in the SI system as equal to 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of the orange-red line in the spectrum of the krypton-86 atom in a vacuum. It is currently defined as the distance light travels in a vacuum in \(1/299,792,458\) of a second. Second: A second is  the base unit of time in the International System of Units (SI), defined as the time it takes for a cesium-133 atom to undergo 9,192,631,770 hyperfine transitions in its ground state when oscillating at a specific microwave frequency. This precise atomic definition provides a universal standard for time, making it a fixed and consistent unit for the entire world, unlike older definitions based on Earth's rotation which can fluctuate. A second can also refer to an ordinal number meaning "after first"  The old definition of a second was   of a mean solar day. This definition was used until the mid-20th century, when it was replaced because the Earth's rotation is not constant, making the length of a solar day slightly variable. An earlier, less formal definition was based on dividing the hour into 60 parts, each of which was called a "minute," and then dividing that into 60 parts to get a "second," as the ancient Babylonians originally did (Rabbit hole: The Babylonian number system was a sexagesimal (base-60) system that used only two symbols: a vertical wedge for one (1) and a corner wedge for ten (10). It was a positional system where the value of a symbol depended on its position, with each place representing a power of 60, similar to how our base-10 system uses powers of 10. The system lacked a true zero for a placeholder initially, creating ambiguity, but later added a symbol for this purpose.  ) Min pointe: Vores m og s var (er) defineret efter jorden og vores omløb. Enheden m/s er derfor Jordens enhed. Lysets hastighed i vacuum er en universel konstant, men en Alien vil 100% have en anden enhed end os. Også selvom at vi har fundet bedre naturkonstanter til at definere m og s ud fra.

Meta & Fysikken: Afsnit 114: Klima-status.

Vi tager lige en status på klimaet, her Oktober 2025. 1: Ocean Warming 2: Koralrev 3:Tipping Points 4: Permafrost i Rusland 5: Hvad gør vi med den CO2 vi indfanger? 6: Fuel Cells / Green Hydrogen plant 7: Kelp Farming in Norway ------------------------------------------------ 1 : Ocean warming :  https://www.sciencealert.com/ocean-warming-threatens-microbe-that-makes-nearly-a-third-of-earths-oxygen [https://www.sciencealert.com/ocean-warming-threatens-microbe-that-makes-nearly-a-third-of-earths-oxygen] Jeff Berardelli (meterolog USA): It's hard to overstate just how off the charts warm the Pacific is right now. The swath of the basin from California to Japan (a HUGE area) from 25N to 60N is ~3F (1.6C) above normal. To put it into math terms that is 6 Sigma/ standard deviations above the mean. I won't bother calculating the chances of this happening against the late 20th century climate - let alone the pre-industrial climate - because the numbers would show it simply could never happen without global warming. So let's talk about why this is happening. Since the last El Nino a couple of years ago the ocean has been rearranging its warm/cool water, as it typically does as a normal part of it's natural oscillation. (This summer a record ridge/ heat dome was parked over the N Pacific). But each next time this configuration lines up (warm north Pacific/ cool tropical Pacific) it piles on a higher and higher baseline temperature over time due to greenhouse warming, air pollution reduction, and the feedbacks (clouds & direct insolation) of both. So we end up with the bottom chart which shows the standardized anomaly (departure from normal) is sloping upward at a very unnatural and alarming rate. 2: Koralrev https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/viden/klima/ny-rapport-det-er-saa-godt-som-uundgaaeligt-verdens-koralrev-kollapser [https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/viden/klima/ny-rapport-det-er-saa-godt-som-uundgaaeligt-verdens-koralrev-kollapser] https://videnskab.dk/naturvidenskab/oejenaabner-genopretning-af-koraller-kan-ikke-redde-verdens-rev/ [https://videnskab.dk/naturvidenskab/oejenaabner-genopretning-af-koraller-kan-ikke-redde-verdens-rev/] 3: Tipping Points https://videnskab.dk/naturvidenskab/tipping-points-lyder-skraemmende-men-der-er-haab-endnu/ [https://videnskab.dk/naturvidenskab/tipping-points-lyder-skraemmende-men-der-er-haab-endnu/] 4: Permafrost i Rusland: https://videnskab.dk/naturvidenskab/klimabombe-i-rusland-danske-forskere-advarer-om-alvorlig-mangel-paa-viden [https://videnskab.dk/naturvidenskab/klimabombe-i-rusland-danske-forskere-advarer-om-alvorlig-mangel-paa-viden] Også: Eksploderende Methan gas i Siberien: https://www.sciencealert.com/mysterious-giant-exploding-craters-in-siberia-may-finally-be-explained [https://www.sciencealert.com/mysterious-giant-exploding-craters-in-siberia-may-finally-be-explained] 5:Hvad gør vi med den CO2 vi indfanger https://videnskab.dk/teknologi/hvad-goer-vi-med-den-co2-vi-fanger/ [https://videnskab.dk/teknologi/hvad-goer-vi-med-den-co2-vi-fanger/] Vi sender noget af den tilbage til oliefelterne vi har tømt i de danske farvande. Kilde: Royalt halløj ---------------------------- 6: Tysklands største Hydrogen fabrik: Germany's largest commercial renewable hydrogen factory is the 10 MW plant in Schwäbisch Gmünd, opened by Lhyfe in October 2025. The facility can produce up to 4 tons of renewable hydrogen per day and is Lhyfe's largest outside of France. While it's the largest operational commercial plant, there are larger-scale projects planned for the future in Germany, such as a 130 MW plant planned for Prenzlau by ENERTRAG.  https://engineerine.com/largest-green-hydrogen-plant/ [https://engineerine.com/largest-green-hydrogen-plant/] https://www.lhyfe.com/press/lhyfe-inaugurates-germanys-largest-commercial-renewable-hydrogen-production-site-in-baden-wurttemberg-to-distribute-rfnbo-certified-hydrogen-to-a-range-of-players/ [https://www.lhyfe.com/press/lhyfe-inaugurates-germanys-largest-commercial-renewable-hydrogen-production-site-in-baden-wurttemberg-to-distribute-rfnbo-certified-hydrogen-to-a-range-of-players/] A green hydrogen factory is good for the climate because it can be produced using renewable energy, with zero greenhouse gas emissions, and can replace fossil fuels in sectors that are hard to electrify, like heavy industry. When used in a fuel cell, hydrogen only releases water vapor and warm air, making it a clean energy carrier that can also store and deliver renewable energy.  # Hydrogen Fuel Cell makes electricity directly. They also produce water vapor, heat and, depending on the fuel source, very small amounts of nitrogen dioxide [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_dioxide] and other emissions. ------------------------- 7: Kelp farming in Norway https://www.dnv.com/news/2024/new-seaweed-farm-off-the-norwegian-coast-seeks-to-remove-co2-from-the-atmosphere-252006/ [https://www.dnv.com/news/2024/new-seaweed-farm-off-the-norwegian-coast-seeks-to-remove-co2-from-the-atmosphere-252006/] -------------------------------- 8: State of Climate Action 2025: https://www.wri.org/research/state-climate-action-2025 [https://www.wri.org/research/state-climate-action-2025] " It finds that recent progress toward 1.5°C-aligned targets has largely failed to materialize at the required pace and scale and highlights where action must accelerate this decade to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, scale up carbon removal and increase climate finance." " Although more than three-quarters of indicators are heading in the right direction, progress is alarmingly inadequate, exposing communities, economies and ecosystems to unacceptable risks. Global efforts across 29 indicators are “well off track,” such that at least a twofold—and for most, more than a fourfold—acceleration will be required this decade to keep the 1.5°C limit within reach. " Getting on track for 2030 and staying on track for 2035 demands an enormous acceleration of efforts across every sector. The world must, for example: Phase out coal more than ten times faster — equivalent to retiring nearly 360 average-sized coal-fired power plants each year and halting all projects in the pipeline. Reduce deforestation nine times faster. Current levels are far too high — roughly equivalent to permanently losing nearly 22 football (soccer) fields of forest every minute in 2024. Expand rapid transit networks five times faster — equivalent to building at least 1,400 km (870 miles) of light rail, metro and bus lanes annually. Lower consumption of beef, lamb and goat meat in high-consuming regions five times faster — equivalent to reducing consumption by 2 or fewer servings per week in North and South America, Australia and New Zealand. Scale technological carbon dioxide removal more than ten times faster — equivalent to building nine of the largest direct air capture facilities currently under construction each month. Increase climate finance by nearly $1 trillion annually — equivalent to roughly two-thirds of public fossil fuel finance in 2023.

Meta & Fysikken: Afsnit 113: Deep State! Hvor ender vores personlige data egentlig henne?

Idag tager vi et langt og “unscripted” tilløb til lidt om kometer, som var det vi egentlig havde forberedt. Men vi kom igang ude på et helt andet spor. Så hvis du sidder og KUN er interesseret i det om kometer, så kan du skippe frem til 33:50, hvor vi kommer ind på kometer på nattehimlen. Inden da taler vi om Karina’s ansøgning om tysk statsborgerskab, de oplysninger myndighederne kræver, hvor mon disse oplysninger ender henne? - og vi kommer ind på Deep State og masseovervågning i det hele taget. Her er Karinas forberedte noter til dagens afsnit:

Meta & Fysikken: Afsnit 112: Hvad sker der på Mars for tiden? Og hvad med NASA?

I dette afsnit taler vi om de nyeste opdagelser på Mars. Man har set leopard-prikker. Disse prikker kan normalt være tegn på mikroskopisk liv, eller ihvertfald tegn på at der har været liv. I en eller anden form… Og så er NASA underlagt kyniske besparelser, hvis disse gennemføres i den amerikanske kongres. Hvilken betydning får dette eventuelt? Her er Karina’s noter til dagens afsnit. liv på Mars: https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-says-mars-rover-discovered-potential-biosignature-last-year/ [https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-says-mars-rover-discovered-potential-biosignature-last-year/?utm_source=FBPAGE&utm_medium=NASA+-+National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration&utm_campaign=NASASocial&linkId=859489343] Perseverence rover er placeret i en udtørret flod, fordi man mente at der der ville være størst chance for at finde tegn på liv.  Se billedet af leopardpletterne.  Der har man fundet organisk kemi (carbon / Oxygen / Hydrogen forbindelser) og mineraler (Jern og Sulfat), som her på Jorden har en mikrobiologisk oprindelse.  Andre ikke biologiske processer der kunne lave disse mineraler: -Høj temperatur. Men de kemiske analyser viser at dette er/var et lav temperatur miljø -Syre baseret miljø, men det tyder det ikke på at det var fra de andre kemiske ting. Den bedste forklaring er lige nu at det er biologisk oprindelse, som er omkring fire milliarder år gamle. Videnskabelig artikel lægger op til diskussion: »Men fordi det er på Mars, hvor der jo ikke kendes liv i dag, kan vi ikke med 100 procent sikkerhed sige, at dette er et bevis på tidligere liv på Mars. Men vi kan sige, at vi ikke har kunnet finde andre forklaringer på vores data, end at der har været liv på Mars,« Vi vil gerne have prøver tilbage til Jorden for at analysere.  Kan der være liv på Mars i dag? Måske har det udviklet sig efter forholdene eller gravet sig ned til bedre forhold da overfladen på Mars blev for barsk. En anden artikel fra 2023 om fund a carbon molekyler.  https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-detect-intriguing-new-signals-of-organic-molecules-on-mars [https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-detect-intriguing-new-signals-of-organic-molecules-on-mars] ---------------------------------------- Er Mars geologisk gold? https://www.sciencealert.com/colossal-discovery-on-mars-could-drive-surging-magma-under-the-surface [https://www.sciencealert.com/colossal-discovery-on-mars-could-drive-surging-magma-under-the-surface] Mars has shown very convincing signs of being geologically dead, inside and out. Its relatively old surface [https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sim3292] – seeming to lack recent volcanic resurfacing and tectonic motion – and absence of a global magnetic field have been held up as reasons to think there's little else but firm, motionless rock all the way down to the core. Recent observations have poked significant holes in the notion of a completely dead Mars. There was a meteorite from Mars that made its way to Earth that showed signs of mantle convection as recently as around half a billion years ago [https://www.sciencealert.com/an-ancient-meteorite-is-the-first-chemical-evidence-of-volcanic-activity-on-mars] for example. Then satellite photos revealed evidence of volcanic surface deposits [https://www.sciencealert.com/volcanoes-on-mars-could-be-active-raising-the-chances-of-recent-habitability] as young as 50,000 years old in a fissure system called the Cerberus Fossae. And then Mars InSight, a lander monitoring the Mars interior since November 2018, revealed significant ongoing seismic activity consistent with volcanism [https://www.sciencealert.com/deep-rumbles-on-mars-hint-at-volcanic-magma-seething-below-the-surface]. There have been a few other odd observations. The local gravity field of the Elysium Planitia, for example, is unusually strong, consistent with some sort of subsurface activity [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0019103521003924?via%3Dihub]. Så der er mulgivis magma / flydende sten under overfladen. ------------------------------------------- Lad os få et overblik over NASA's Mars aktivitet: https://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/programs/mars-exploration/ [https://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/programs/mars-exploration/] Last thing to land was Perserverence, which was in 30.07.2020 (5 years!) ---------------------------------------------- https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/ [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/] 1. Disse rumsonder og rovere er i spil [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#1-disse-rumsonder-og-rovere-er-i-spil] 2. Sådan holdes kontakten med Mars [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#2-sadan-holdes-kontakten-med-mars] 3. Vejret på Mars følges tæt [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#3-vejret-pa-mars-folges-taet] 4. Mars-atmosfæren blæser væk [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#4-mars-atmosfaeren-blaeser-vaek] 5. Mars har flere ozonlag [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#5-mars-har-flere-ozonlag] 6. Der er vand på Mars [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#6-der-er-vand-pa-mars] 7. Metan er et mysterium [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#7-metan-er-et-mysterium] 8. Mars har polarlys [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#8-mars-har-polarlys] 9. Mars kan følges live [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#9-mars-kan-folges-live] 10. Vi aner ikke, hvordan Mars' måner opstod [https://videnskab.dk/rummet/10-ting-du-ikke-vidste-om-mars/#10-vi-aner-ikke-hvordan-mars-maner-opstod] https://www.sciencealert.com/giant-asteroid-unleashed-a-devastating-martian-megatsunami-evidence-suggests [https://www.sciencealert.com/giant-asteroid-unleashed-a-devastating-martian-megatsunami-evidence-suggests]

Meta & Fysikken: Afsnit 111: I3 ATLAS, aktuel status for videnskaben og lidt AI

1: I3 / ATLAS Her er også en animation af kometens bane: https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/comets/3i-atlas/ [https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/comets/3i-atlas/] Tættest på Solen 120 mio. km (lige inden for Mars' bane) d.30.10.  Vi (Jorden) er på den modsatte side a Solen fra kometen. Solen skygger ikke for kometen, for den har en bane som er 5° fra Ecliptica (vores planet bane-plan) JWST / WEBB Observations of I3/ATLAS: Min gamle kontor makker i Belfast: Martin Cordiner Han har også lavet en times langt interview her på Youtube (Engelsk): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxLqswSKmOs [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxLqswSKmOs] Sammensætning: Ret meget CO2 i forhold the H2O CO2 går fra fast form (is) til gas form (luft) ved lavere temperaturer end H2O, så det kan være at det ændrer sig som kometen bliver varmet op. CO også til stede, men CO går på gas form allerede ved 20° Kelvin. Alder: 7-14 milliarder år (universet er ~13.8). Man kan ikke sige med sikkerhed, før at man har en fysisk prøve fra den og kan kigge på isotoperne (de har henfaldstider som kan hjælpe til at datere ting). Denne alder er bestemt ud fra dens bevægelse, som er blevet simuleret af en gruppe fra Oxford: https://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/news/third-ever-detection-interstellar-object [https://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/news/third-ever-detection-interstellar-object] Denne analyse peger på at kometen kan tilhøre en gruppe stjerner i vores mælkevej som er meget gamle. Form: Først troet at være ~20 km.  Det er fordi den er så lysstærk. Det er nu blevet nedjusteret til ~3km Den havde tidligere en aflang klump gas der blev kastet ud i Solens retning. Det var ikke en hale i den forstand, men mere en ujævn optøning. Den har nu en normal hale der peger væk fra solen. https://www.esa.int/esearch?q=I3%2FATLAS [https://www.esa.int/esearch?q=I3%2FATLAS] https://www.sciencealert.com/4-powerful-telescopes-agree-interstellar-comet-3i-atlas-really-is-bizarre [https://www.sciencealert.com/4-powerful-telescopes-agree-interstellar-comet-3i-atlas-really-is-bizarre] ------------------ Nej det er ikke ALIENS. I gamle dage fyldte man huller i viden med Gud (dette kaldes "God of the Gaps"). I dag er det Aliens.  ------------------------------------- 2 : Gamma glimt: https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/news/eso2514/?lang [https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/news/eso2514/?lang] Normale Gamma glimt er et lys glimt der strækker sig over tid. Vi skynder os at pege teleskoperne hen mod glimtet for at observere hvorfra det kommer og få det sidste af lysglimtets lyskurve med.  Vi har observeret gamma glimt i omkring 50 år. Et glimt varer omkring Millisekunder til et par minutter. De opstår blandt andet når tunge stjerner dør ved voldsomme eksplosioner, eller når de flås i stykker af sorte huller. GRB 250702B varede omkring en dag. (100-1000 gange længere end normalt) "Vigtigere er det, at gammaglimt aldrig gentager sig, fordi det, som forårsager dem er en ødelæggende katastrofe," siger Matrin-Carrillo. Medforfatter Albert Sneppen fra Niels Bohr Institutet tilføjer: "Vi ser nu en sådan ødelæggende begivenheder gentage sig, og endnu mere bemærkelsesværdigt gør den det tilsyneladende periodisk. En serie kosmiske ødelæggelser, som gentager sig med en periode på hvert 47ende minut. Periodiciteten er også spændende, fordi den måske peger på en kredsløbsperiode - og det peger så igen i retning af en hvid dværg, som bliver revet itu af et intermediært tungt sort hul (En slags begivenhed, som vi aldrig har set før)." "Vi er stadig ikke klar over, hvad årsagen til dette her var, men vi har taget et stort skridt fremad imod at forstå det her meget usædvanlige og spændende forløb," siger Martin-Carrillo.  Observationerne gav kun en nogenlunde position for GRBen, i retning af vores galakses plan, hvor det vrimler med stjerner.  Opfølgende observationer med VLT [https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/] kunne da placere lyskilden til at være i en anden galakse. -------------------------------------  3: Black Hole Star https://www.livescience.com/space/black-holes/the-james-webb-telescope-may-have-discovered-a-brand-new-class-of-cosmic-object-the-black-hole-star [https://www.livescience.com/space/black-holes/the-james-webb-telescope-may-have-discovered-a-brand-new-class-of-cosmic-object-the-black-hole-star] Med James Webb space telescope har man observeret små røde prikker. De er fra da uninverset kun var 1.8 Milliarder år gammelt og lyset har altså været undervejs næsten 12 milliarder år. Der har været flere teorier om hvad det kunne være, men de har ikke været tilstrækkelige. Den nyeste forklaring er at de er Sort hul Stjerner.  This newly hypothesized object would essentially be a black hole feeding so rapidly that it lights up the thick cocoon of gas surrounding it, making it glow like a star.  A black hole star can be thought of as a hot object wrapped inside an ultra thick blanket. "We are not sure yet how they evolve into the black hole population that we see today," de Graaff noted. "Because the number of little red dots decreases toward later cosmic times, it must be a short-lived phase." Next, the team will use JWST to study brighter little red dots to understand the detailed structure of black hole stars. If little red dots are, in fact, black hole stars, it could solve another puzzle. If black hole stars could grow at extremely rapid rates, it could explain the emergence of supermassive black holes [https://www.livescience.com/space/black-holes/shocking-black-hole-found-growing-at-2-4-times-the-theoretical-limit] very early in the universe. ------------------- 4: Is the internet deteriorating? "While precise figures vary by study and methodology, recent data from early-to-mid 2025 suggests that AI-generated content makes up a significant portion of the internet, with some sources estimating over 30-40% of text on active webpages and even projecting that nearly half of all content could be AI-generated. Some experts and reports predict that the percentage is rapidly growing and could reach 90% of all online content by 2026 or mid-2025. "   ————- 5: Kig efter Stjerneskud 21.10 Den kraftigste sværm Orioniderne, som peaker 21. oktober, skyldes støvkorn og småsten efterladt af Halleys Komet. Orioniderne giver typisk knapt halvt så mange stjerneskud som Perseiderne, men da deres maksimum i år falder sammen med nymåne, vil jeg faktisk vurdere chancerne for at se stjerneskud til at være lige så gode. -------------- Attachments area Preview YouTube video 3I/ATLAS Update: JWST Reveals Its Composition | with Martin Cordiner [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxLqswSKmOs&authuser=0]