Wildlife with Ian Rock

Why Are Hippos So Dangerous?

Despite being a beloved animal around the world, hippos are considered one of the most dangerous creatures in Africa. They are responsible for more deaths than any top mammal predator. But where is this coming from? What’s going on in that big round head? In this episode we’re talking all about hippos, about their lives and what possibly makes them so dangerous. Are they just killing machines? Are they misunderstood? Or is it something more complicated, that lies in between, just under the surface of the murky water. Follow me: @ianinthewild [https://www.instagram.com/ianinthewild/] Sources Hippo Bite Morbidity Study [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7416829/] Hippo Communication [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253164153_Low-frequency_sounds_and_amphibious_communication_in_Hippopotamus_amphibious] Hippo Attacks Per Year - BBC [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-36320744] Hippo Attack Problem in Senegal Article [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/05/28/they-are-evil-monsters-that-attack-us-night-and-day-senegals-killer-hippo-problem/] Most Deadly Animals List [https://www.gatesnotes.com/Health/Most-Lethal-Animal-Mosquito-Week] Article Of Edwin’s Attack [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1099051/kenyan-road-runner-recovering-hippo] Hippo Mouth Size [https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/78607-largest-mouth-terrestrial-animal] Hippo Bite Force [https://www.popsci.com/10-most-powerful-animal-bites-on-planet/] Hippo Blood Sweat [https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/sweating-blood] Hippo Blood Sweat Study [https://www.nature.com/articles/429363a] History of Bloodletting [https://bcmj.org/premise/history-bloodletting] Shark Caused Deaths [https://www.aims.gov.au/docs/projectnet/sharks-02.html] General Hippo Information [https://ielc.libguides.com/sdzg/factsheets/hippopotamus/behavior] Hippos As A Keystone Species [http://aquaticcommons.org/3869/] How Hippos Fertilize Waterways [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/05/190501153400.htm]

The Longest Life

On this episode we’re diving deep in search of the longest living vertebrate in the world. These massive mysterious animals live in the dark depths of frigid oceans and we are only recently figuring out how old they actually are. The more we learn about them, the stranger and stranger they get! For photographs, updates, and behind the scenes content follow me at @ianinthewild [https://www.instagram.com/ianinthewild/] on instagram. SOURCES: Basic Greenland Shark Information [https://animaldiversity.org/site/accounts/information/Somniosus_microcephalus.html] Carbon Dating The Sharks Study [https://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6300/702] Article on Shark Dating and Their Longevity [https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/08/greenland-shark-may-live-400-years-smashing-longevity-record] New Yorker Article on Greenland Sharks [https://www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/the-strange-and-gruesome-story-of-the-greenland-shark-the-longest-living-vertebrate-on-earth?gclid=Cj0KCQjwiqWHBhD2ARIsAPCDzak4qIpG6ajYmIHpQcrq2djG22al1LxPhvrw7FWNiWagR5Zu4UkaATIaApekEALw_wcB&source=search_google_dsa_paid] Article on Shark Toxicity [https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/31/16235156/pee-shark-toxic-urea-greenland-twitter] Greenland Shark Diet [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00300-013-1408-3] Polar Bear in Stomach [https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/clash-of-the-fiercest-predators-as-shark-eats-polar-bear-891512.html] Greenland Sharks and Giant Squid [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3370019.stm] The Slowest Fish Study [https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=pages_view_main&active_action=repository_view_main_item_detail&block_id=104&item_id=12932&item_no=1&page_id=13]

The Sound of Animals

In this episode of Wildlife let’s jump into the wild symphony of animal sounds. From singing apes, to barking fish, to the world’s loudest bird. Get lost in the jungle of croaks, grunts, bellows, squeaks, rattles, snaps, howls, and lullabies. Featuring some 30 animal guests, you’ll hear something you never knew existed. Websites: The Endangered Primate Rescue Center [https://www.eprc.asia/] The Jahoo Gibbon Camp [https://www.gibbon.life/] Follow me at @ianinthewild [https://www.instagram.com/ianinthewild/] SOURCES: Wolves: Wolves Howl Sound - National Park Service [https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/photosmultimedia/sounds-wolves.htm] Why Do Wolves Howl? [https://www.britannica.com/story/why-do-wolves-howl] Wolf Howl Distance [https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2017/10/05/why-do-wolves-howl-at-night/#6c5881242a61] Miklosi, A. (2015). "Ch. 5.5.2—Wolves". Dog Behaviour, Evolution, and Cognition (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 110–112. ISBN 978-0-19-104572-1 Frogs: Sierra Chorus Frog [http://www.californiaherps.com/frogs/pages/p.sierra.sounds.html] Coqui Frog [https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?special=call&genus=Eleutherodactylus&species=coqui] Ornate Burrowing Frog - Platyplectrum ornatum [https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?special=call&genus=Platyplectrum&species=ornatum] Sharp-snouted Day Frog -Taudactylus acutirostris [https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?special=call&genus=Taudactylus&species=acutirostris] American Toad [https://www.umesc.usgs.gov/terrestrial/amphibians/armi/species/eastern_american_toad.html] Sierra Chorus Frog in Movies Article [http://www.californiaherps.com/frogs/pages/p.sierra.sounds.html] Ravens: Raven Sound 1- National Park Service [https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/photosmultimedia/sounds-raven.htm] American Crow - Thomas Magarian [https://www.xeno-canto.org/462766] Raven Sound 2 - Lars Edenius, XC512192 [https://www.xeno-canto.org/512192] Raven Sound 3-Lance A. M. Benner, XC306902 [https://www.xeno-canto.org/306902] Raven Mimicking Video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqIQasU6XiY] Raven Vocalizations: Gwinner, E. (1964). "Untersuchungen über das ausdrucks und Sozialverhalten des Kolkraben (Corvus corax L.)". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie (in German). 21 (6): 657–748. doi [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier)]:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1964.tb01212.x [https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0310.1964.tb01212.x]. - Raven vocalization Other Bird Sounds: Bald Eagle - National Park Service [https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/photosmultimedia/sounds-goldeneagle.htm] Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae)- Karen Wosilait [https://www.xeno-canto.org/385186] Elk Elk Sound-National Park Service [https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/photosmultimedia/sounds-elk.htm] Zebra [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJBTyMCzgwg] Crocodiles Baby Croc Sounds [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJa8w-i4BZI] Adult Crocodile Sounds [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Hye31i3cUI&t=35s] Dinosaur Sound Article [https://www.npr.org/2016/07/16/486279631/new-research-debunks-the-dinosaurs-roar] Weddell Seal Weddell Seal Sound- WeddellSealScience.com [http://weddellsealscience.com/] Weddell Seal Singing Article [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00443448] Singing Through Ice Article [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00300-017-2124-1] Humpback Whale Humpback Whale Sound [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Humpbackwhale2.ogg] Singing Research- Clapham, Philip (1996). Humpback whales [https://archive.org/details/humpbackwhales0000clap]. Colin Baxter Photography. ISBN [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)] 978-0-948661-87-7 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-948661-87-7].- Complex whale singing Howler Monkey About Howler Monkeys [https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/black-howler-monkey] Gibbons Gibbon Genetics [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1756914/] Gibbon Swinging Anatomy [https://a-z-animals.com/animals/gibbon/] Gibbon Song Purpose [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1762393/] Gibbon Song Accent [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-02/bc-rgf020411.php] Gibbon Arm Length [https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/news/how-long-are-gibbons-arms-and-more-gibbon-facts#:~:text=On%20average%2C%20a%20gibbon's%20arms,about%2010%20feet%2C%207%20inches] Bellbirds White Bellbird Call [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nREYBx4eZf8&t=1s] Three-Wattled Bellbird- Hans Matheve, XC518517 [https://www.xeno-canto.org/518517] White Bellbird Call Study [https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(19)31190-X] Courtship Behavior Three-Wattled Bellbird [https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v094n04/p0623-p0645.pdf] Bellbird Article [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/oct/21/fowl-language-amazonian-birds-mating-call-noisiest-in-world-white-bellbird] Rattlesnake Rattle Sound [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rattlesnake.ogg] Rattlesnake Tail Article [https://www.businessinsider.com/whats-inside-a-rattlesnakes-tail-2019-10#:~:text=A%20rattlesnake's%20rattle%20doesn't,to%2090%20times%20a%20second.] Crickets Cricket Chirp Romance [https://www.kqed.org/science/1952589/crickets-chirp-to-flirt] Cricket Vs Grasshopper [https://sciencing.com/tell-cricket-from-grasshopper-2066009.html] Water Boatman Water boatman Article [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/10/animals-anatomy-sound-communication/] Water Boatman Penis [https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/center/articles/2011/bbc-06-30-2011.html#:~:text=To%20produce%20the%20intense%20sound,producing%20sound%20with%20its%20genitalia] Another Water Boatman Article [https://www.wired.com/2011/07/insect-penis-sound/] Gorilla Vocalizations, Chest Beating, And Human Evolution Study [https://academic.oup.com/jole/article/2/2/126/3869489] Lowland Streaked Tenrec Hideki Endo, ["A Quill Vibrating Mechanism for a Sounding Apparatus in the Streaked Tenrec (Hemicentetes semispinosus)"], "Zoological Science", 2010 Snapping Shrimp Shrimp Snap Sound [https://ocr.org/sounds/snapping-shrimp/] Snap Mechanism [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-14312-0] Shrimp Snap Article [https://news.ncsu.edu/2016/01/del-snaps/] Gulf Corvina Corvina Sound [https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/142883.php] Corvina Article [https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/12/one-loudest-underwater-sounds-made-animal-you-wouldn-t-expect?utm_source=general_public&utm_medium=youtube&utm_campaign=LoudFish-16989] Loudest Fish Study [https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0656] Piranha Piranha Sound [https://soundcloud.com/freshwaterblog/red-bellied-piranha] Piranha Bark Study [https://jeb.biologists.org/content/214/21/3613.abstract%20%20%20https://jeb.biologists.org/content/214/21/i.1] Sperm Whale Sperm Whale Click Video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZKnrHSbkjg&feature=emb_title] Sperm Whale Clicks [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperm_whale] Sperm Whale Click Article [http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161206-the-people-who-dive-with-whales-that-could-eat-them-alive#:~:text=A%20sperm%20whale%20detects%20its,fatty%20sac%20beneath%20its%20mouth.&text=But%20as%20well%20as%20using,pass%20information%20between%20each%20other.] Sperm Whale Language Article [https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-sperm-whales-deadly-call-94653/] Blue Whale Blue Whale Call [https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/acoustics/whales/sounds/whalewav/etpb3_10xc-BlueWhaleSouthPacific-10x.wav] Whale Song Distance [https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2005/02/secrets-whales-long-distance-songs-are-unveiled]

The Smartest Fish in the Sea

When we think of smart animals, we generally don’t think of fish. Recently however we humans are learning that fish have a lot more brain power than we once thought. One fish in particular is swimming out above the rest. Oh, and they’re also mythical looking creatures that fly through the water on 25 foot long wings. Find out how their brains are surprising us, how we think they got so smart, and why they need our help. You can support Mantas at Manta Trust [https://www.mantatrust.org/] For updates and photos you can follow me at instagram.com/ianinthewild/ [https://www.instagram.com/ianinthewild/] For more information and an easy to access list of the sources below, go here: www.ianrockcreative.com/wildlifepodcast/smartestfish [https://www.ianrockcreative.com/wildlifepodcast/smartestfish] Sources: Mantas: Manta Ray Description [https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/group/manta-ray/] Manta Ray Mirror Test Study [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10164-016-0462-z] Manta Ray Mirror Test Article [https://smea.uw.edu/currents/manta-rays-theyre-just-like-us/] Mobulid Rays Brain Structure Study [https://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOANATJ/TOANATJ-3-1.pdf] Mobulid Ray Brain Warming [https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/118/2/151/2684313] Evolution of Cephalic Lobes [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2018.00181/full] Economy of Manta Ray Tourism [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0065051] Social Manta Ray Cleaning Parties [https://news.mongabay.com/2019/08/manta-rays-are-social-creatures-who-are-choosy-about-their-friends/] Mantas Deep Diving Predators [https://phys.org/news/2016-11-giant-rays-shown-predators-deep.html] Manta Ray Life Birth Study [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440971/] WildAid Manta Ray Report on Gill Raker Trade [https://wildaid.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/The-Continuing-Threat-to-Manta-Mobula-Rays_2013-14-Report_FINAL.pdf] Manta Rays and Chinese Traditional Medicine [https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/extinction-countdown/manta-rays-endangered-by-sudden-demand-from-chinese-medicine/] Indonesia Creates Manta Sanctuary [https://phys.org/news/2014-06-indonesia-declares-largest-manta-ray.html] WildAid Report on Global Manta Threats [https://wildaid.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/The-Global-Threat-to-Manta-and-Mobula-Rays-WEB.pdf] Ebert, D. A. (2003). Sharks, Rays and Chimaeras of California. University of California Press. pp. 230–233. ISBN [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)] 0-520-22265-2 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-22265-2]. Other Animals: Orangutans and Animal Intelligence [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-are-some-animals-so-smart/] Social Animal Intelligence [https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/good-social-skills-make-animals-smarter#:~:text=A%20new%20study%20of%20four,at%20The%20University%20of%20St.] Elephant Sleep [https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-39126993] Other: Why We Anthropomorphize [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347215003085]

The Speed of Animals

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to be as fast as a cheetah? Turns out though that technically, in the animal kingdom, cheetahs are actually pretty slow. In this episode we explore animal speed. Find out who is the fastest of them all, and all the mind-blowing adaptations these creatures have developed to break these records. For updates and photographs follow me at instagram.com/ianinthewild/ [https://www.instagram.com/ianinthewild/] For more information and an easy to access list of the sources below, go here: ianrockcreative.com/wildlifepodcast/speedofanimals [https://www.ianrockcreative.com/wildlifepodcast/speedofanimals] SOURCES: Sounds: Prairie Recording: Jeff Rice and Montana State University [https://acousticatlas.org/item/2990] Mexican Free-tailed Bats Recording: Jeff Rice [https://acousticatlas.org/item/922] Peregrine Falcon Recording:Lars Edenius, XC571136 [https://www.xeno-canto.org/571136] Anna’s Hummingbird Recording: Thomas Magarian, XC544458 [https://www.xeno-canto.org/544458] Cheetah Sounds [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjqWFcwnq08] Research: Cheetah Cheetah Anatomy and Speed [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077520/] Cheetah Eyes [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264402644_Adaptive_Design_in_Felid_Retinal_Cone_Topographies] More about the Cheetah [https://books.google.com.vn/books?id=hFbJWMh9-OAC&pg=PA19&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false] Temperature Regulation in Cheetahs [https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajplegacy.1973.224.4.848] Cheetah Body Heat [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3971684/] Pronghorn Pronghorn Description [https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Antilocapra_americana/] Pronghorn History [https://web.archive.org/web/20090713143546/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2001/6/pronghornssavanna.cfm] Bats Mexican Free-tailed Bat Speed Study [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5180116/%60] Falcon How Peregrine Falcons Fly So Fast [http://blogs.bu.edu/biolocomotion/2011/12/12/why-can-the-peregrine-falcon-fly-so-fast/#:~:text=The%20peregrine%20falcon%20has%20a,to%20the%20bird's%20streamlined%20figure.] Peregrine Falcon Hunting Techniques [https://www.audubon.org/news/research-reveals-exactly-why-peregrine-falcons-are-so-deadly] Hummingbird Anna’s Hummingbird Tail-Chirp Study [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2599939/] About The Tail Chirp [https://www.perkypet.com/articles/listen-to-the-hummingbird-tail-chirp#:~:text=This%20chirp%20or%20beeping%20sound,from%20%E2%80%9Cblocking%E2%80%9D%20his%20intentions.] Flies and Flicker Fusion Rate Why It’s So Hard to Swat a Fly [https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-41284065] Horse Fly Speed [http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/walker/ufbir/chapters/chapter_01b.shtml] Other Tiger Beetle Speed [https://news.cornell.edu/stories/1998/01/tiger-beetles-go-blind-chasing-prey-high-speeds] Dragon Fly Speed [https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/uniramia/odonatoida.html] Mighty Mite [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140427191124.htm#:~:text=Summary%3A,running%201300%20miles%20per%20hour.] Pigeon Study [https://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6063/1664.full] Tools: How I changed the speed of my voice [https://www.audiospeedchanger.com/?job=88951855a83e825406e05829a09ed50f3dd402bb] 900 Beats per Minute [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjgZ8pTcZiA&t=1s] Speed of Animals Website [https://www.speedofanimals.com/]