The History of Colombia: Conflict, Cartels, and Change — Fexingo History

The Thousand Days War: Colombia's Bloodiest Civil War

In this episode, we explore the Guerra de los Mil Días (1899-1902), Colombia's devastating civil war that pitted Liberals against Conservatives. We focus on the brutal Battle of Palonegro, where 4,000 soldiers died in 18 days of trench warfare, and the role of Liberal caudillo Rafael Uribe Uribe. We discuss how the war ended with the treaties of Neerlandia and Wisconsin, the economic collapse that followed, and how the conflict set the stage for the loss of Panama in 1903. We also touch on the human cost: an estimated 100,000 dead out of a population of 4 million, and the lasting trauma that fueled La Violencia decades later. #GuerraDeLosMilDías #ColombianCivilWar #BattleOfPalonegro #RafaelUribeUribe #TreatyOfNeerlandia #TreatyOfWisconsin #LiberalParty #ConservativeParty #Regeneración #ManuelAntonioSanclemente #JoséManuelMarroquín #PanamaSecession #1899 #1902 #ColombiaHistory #LatinAmericanHistory #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Forgotten War: Colombia's Conflict with Peru over Leticia

In 1932, Colombia and Peru went to war over a tiny Amazonian town called Leticia. This episode dives into the forgotten conflict that almost spiraled into a full-scale war, pitting Colombian president Enrique Olaya Herrera against Peruvian dictator Luis Sánchez Cerro. We explore the diplomatic tensions, the jungle warfare, and the role of the League of Nations in brokering peace. Hear about the Colombian gunboat fleet, the daring Amazon river campaigns, and how the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro finally settled the border dispute. This is a story of nationalism, Amazonian geography, and the fragile peace in early 20th-century South America. #Colombia #Peru #LeticiaWar #EnriqueOlayaHerrera #LuisSánchezCerro #AmazonWar #TreatyOfRioDeJaneiro #LeagueOfNations #AlfredoVásquezCobo #AmazonRiver #PutumayoRiver #Iquitos #Tarapacá #SouthAmericanHistory #History #FexingoHistory #War #Diplomacy Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The War of a Thousand Days: Colombia's Bloody Civil War

In this episode, Lucas and Luna dive into the War of a Thousand Days (1899–1902), Colombia's longest and most devastating civil war of the 19th century. They explore the Liberal rebellion against the Conservative Regeneration government, key figures like Rafael Uribe Uribe and President Manuel Antonio Sanclemente, and the war's major battles including the Battle of Palonegro. The conversation covers the peace treaties—the Treaty of Neerlandia and the Treaty of Wisconsin—and the war's staggering human cost: over 100,000 dead in a country of 4 million. Lucas explains how the war bankrupted the nation, led to the loss of Panama, and set the stage for La Violencia and modern Colombia. Luna asks about the role of foreign powers, the US gunboat diplomacy, and the cultural memory of the war in Colombian literature, including references to Gabriel García Márquez's 'One Hundred Years of Solitude'. #WarOfATousandDays #ColombianCivilWar #RafaelUribeUribe #BattleOfPalonegro #ManuelAntonioSanclemente #TreatyOfNeerlandia #TreatyOfWisconsin #ColombiaHistory #19thCenturyWarfare #LiberalVsConservative #Regeneration #USImperialism #PanamaLoss #GabrielGarciaMarquez #OneHundredYearsOfSolitude #SouthAmerica #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

Colombia's 1850s Liberal Revolution: Church, Land, and State

In the mid-19th century, Colombia underwent a radical transformation. Under President José Hilario López, a wave of liberal reforms abolished slavery, ended the church's monopoly on education, and seized vast ecclesiastical properties. This episode follows the reformist firebrands—the Gólgotas—led by young intellectuals like Manuel Murillo Toro and Salvador Camacho Roldán. We explore the 1851 civil war triggered by conservatives and clergy, the 1853 constitution that introduced federalism and universal male suffrage, and the backlash that culminated in the 1854 coup by General José María Melo. These reforms reshaped Colombia's political landscape, setting the stage for the federalist wars of the later 19th century. We also examine the economic impact: the breakup of church lands fueled coffee expansion but also concentrated wealth in new hands. A forgotten moment in Colombian history that echoes into the present. #ColombiaHistory #LiberalRevolution #JoséHilarioLópez #Gólgotas #ManuelMurilloToro #SalvadorCamachoRoldán #1851CivilWar #1853Constitution #1854Coup #GeneralJoséMaríaMelo #SlaveryAbolition #ChurchLands #AntiClericalism #Federalism #CoffeeHistory #19thCentury #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

Colombia's 1928 Banana Massacre: The Strike That Changed a Nation

In 1928, thousands of Colombian banana workers in the town of Ciénaga, Magdalena, went on strike against the United Fruit Company, demanding better working conditions and fair wages. What followed was one of the most infamous episodes in Colombian history: the Banana Massacre. The Colombian government, under President Miguel Abadía Méndez, sent in the army under General Carlos Cortés Vargas, who ordered troops to fire on a peaceful crowd. The death toll remains disputed, ranging from dozens to possibly thousands. This episode explores the strike's origins, the role of the United Fruit Company, the massacre itself, and its lasting impact on Colombian politics, labor movements, and the collective memory of a nation. We also delve into the controversy around the number of dead, the government's cover-up, and how the massacre later inspired literary works like Gabriel García Márquez's 'One Hundred Years of Solitude.' #Colombia #UnitedFruitCompany #BananaMassacre #Ciénaga #MiguelAbadíaMéndez #GeneralCortésVargas #1928 #LaborHistory #Marxist #GabrielGarcíaMárquez #OneHundredYearsOfSolitude #Magdalena #SantaMarta #Strike #Imperialism #SouthAmerica #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]