Radiolab

We eat apples in the summer and enjoy bananas in the winter. When we do this, we go against the natural order of life which is towards death and decay. What gives? This week, Latif Nasser spoke with Nicola Twilley, the author of Frostbite: How Refrigeration Changed Our Food, Our Planet, and Ourselves. Twilley spent over a decade reporting about how we keep food alive as it makes its way from the farm to our table. This conversation explores the science of cold, how fruits hold a secret to eternal youth, and how the salad bag, of all things, is our local grocery store’s unsung hero. Special thanks to Jim Lugg and Jeff Wooster EPISODE CREDITS:  Reported by Latif Nasser and Nicola Twilley with help from Maria Paz Gutierrez Produced by Maria Paz Gutierrez Original music from Jeremy Bloom Sound design contributed by Jeremy Bloom with mixing help from Arianne Wack Fact-checking by Emily Krieger  and Edited by Alex Neason EPISODE CITATIONS: Articles   New Yorker Article - How the Fridge Changed Flavor [https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-weekend-essay/how-the-fridge-changed-flavor] (https://zpr.io/32TuSmAc2HbQ [https://zpr.io/32TuSmAc2HbQ])by Nicola Twilley New Yorker Article - Africa’s Cold Rush and the Promise of Refrigeration [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/08/22/africas-cold-rush-and-the-promise-of-refrigeration] (https://zpr.io/3g9VdgKMAiHf [https://zpr.io/3g9VdgKMAiHf]) by Nicola Twilley Books  Frostbite [https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/551601/frostbite-by-nicola-twilley/] (https://zpr.io/Mg3Q7JCBvcAg [https://zpr.io/Mg3Q7JCBvcAg]) by Nicola Twilley Signup for our newsletter!! It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up [https://radiolab.org/newsletter] (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab [http://members.radiolab.org] (https://members.radiolab.org/) today. Follow our show on Instagram [http://instagram.com/radiolab], Twitter [http://twitter.com/radiolab] and Facebook [http://facebook.com/radiolab] @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org [radiolab@wnyc.org]. Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

In an episode first reported in 2017, we bring you a look up and down the US nuclear chain of command to find out who gets to authorize their use and who can stand in the way of Armageddon.  President Richard Nixon once boasted that at any moment he could pick up a telephone and - in 20 minutes - kill 60 million people.  Such is the power of the US President over the nation’s nuclear arsenal.  But what if you were the military officer on the receiving end of that phone call? Could you refuse the order? In this episode, we profile one Air Force Major who asked that question back in the 1970s and learn how the very act of asking it was so dangerous it derailed his career. We also pick up the question ourselves and pose it to veterans both high and low on the nuclear chain of command. Their responses reveal once and for all whether there are any legal checks and balances between us and a phone call for Armageddon. Special thanks to Elaine Scarry, Sam Kean, Ron Rosenbaum, Lisa Perry, Ryan Furtkamp, Robin Perry, Thom Woodroofe, Doreen de Brum, Jackie Conley, Sean Malloy, Ray Peter, Jack D’Annibale, Ryan Pettigrew at the Nixon Presidential Library and Samuel Rushay at the Truman Presidential Library. EPISODE CREDITS:  Reported by - Latiff Nasser Produced by - Annie McEwen and Simon Adler with help from - Arianne Wack Signup for our newsletter! It comes out every Wednesday. It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up [https://radiolab.org/newsletter] (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab [http://members.radiolab.org] (https://members.radiolab.org/) today. Follow our show on Instagram [http://instagram.com/radiolab], Twitter [http://twitter.com/radiolab] and Facebook [http://facebook.com/radiolab] @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org [radiolab@wnyc.org]. Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

We fall down the looking glass with Sönke Johnsen, a biologist who finds himself staring at one of the darkest things on the planet. So dark, it’s almost like he’s holding a blackhole in his hands. On his quest to understand how something could possibly be that black, we enter worlds of towering microscopic forests, where gold becomes black, the deep sea meets the moon, and places that are empty suddenly become full.  Corrections/Clarifications: In this episode, dragonfish [https://www.mbari.org/animal/dragonfish/] are described as having teeth that slide back into their skull; that is the fangtooth fish [https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/fish/fangtooth-fish#:~:text=This%20aptly%20named%20fish%20(Anoplogaster,when%20its%20mouth%20is%20closed.], not the dragonfish. Though both can be ultra-black. The fishes described are the darkest things on the planet, but there are some other animals that are equally as dark, including butterflies [https://www.nature.com/articles/news040126-4], wasps [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/17/science/ultrablack-velvet-ant-brazil.html], and birds [https://www.sciencenews.org/article/why-some-birds-paradise-have-ultrablack-feathers]. Vantablack is no longer the blackest man-made material [https://news.mit.edu/2019/blackest-black-material-cnt-0913] EPISODE CREDITS:  Hosted by - Molly Webster Reported by - Molly Webster Produced by - Rebecca Laks, Pat Walters, Molly Webster with help from - Becca Bressler Original music from - Vetle Nærø with mixing help from -Jeremy Bloom Fact-checking by - Natalie A. Middleton and Edited by  - Pat Walters Guest - Sönke Johnsen [https://scholars.duke.edu/person/sjohnsen] EPISODE CITATIONS: Articles -  Sönke Johnsen’s research paper on ultra-black [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15033-1]in the wings of butterflies A paper by Sönke Johnsen that describes how structure can change color, by showing how clear quartz balls can [https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2019.0383] — when in a random pile — go from clear, to very blue, to white, depending on the size of the individual balls.  Music -  This episode kicked-off with some music by Norwegian pianist Vetle Nærø, check him out online  [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhArwubp6QE] Videos  -  Vantablack [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP0rH8IR22c&t=71s], a video about the look and design of the world’s OG darkest man-made substance (get ready to be wowed), and a new material saying it’s darker than Vanta. [https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-just-set-a-new-record-for-the-blackest-material-ever-created] Signup for our newsletter. It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up [https://radiolab.org/newsletter] (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab [http://members.radiolab.org] (https://members.radiolab.org/) today. Follow our show on Instagram [http://instagram.com/radiolab], Twitter [http://twitter.com/radiolab] and Facebook [http://facebook.com/radiolab] @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org [radiolab@wnyc.org]. Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

In an episode we first aired in 2018, we asked the question, do you really need a brain to sense the world around you? To remember? Or even learn? Well, it depends on who you ask. Jad and Robert, they are split on this one. Today, Robert drags Jad along on a parade for the surprising feats of brainless plants. Along with a home-inspection duo, a science writer, and some enterprising scientists at Princeton University, we dig into the work of evolutionary ecologist Monica Gagliano, who turns our brain-centered worldview on its head through a series of clever experiments that show plants doing things we never would've imagined. Can Robert get Jad to join the march? We have some exciting news! In the “Zoozve [https://radiolab.org/podcast/zoozve]” episode, Radiolab named one of Venus's quasi-moons. Then, Radiolab teamed up with The International Astronomical Union to launch a global naming contest for one of Earth’s quasi-moons, so that you, our listeners, could help us name another, and we now have a winner!! Early next week, head over to https://radiolab.org/moon [https://radiolab.org/moon], to check out the new name for the heavenly body you all helped make happen. Sign-up for our newsletter!! It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up [https://radiolab.org/newsletter] (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab [http://members.radiolab.org] (https://members.radiolab.org/) today. Follow our show on Instagram [http://instagram.com/radiolab], Twitter [http://twitter.com/radiolab] and Facebook [http://facebook.com/radiolab] @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org [radiolab@wnyc.org]. Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

In an episode first reported in 2017, we bring you what may be, maybe the greatest gift one person could give to another.  You never know what might happen when you sign up to donate bone marrow. You might save a life… or you might be magically transported across a cultural chasm and find yourself starring in a modern adaptation of the greatest story ever told. One day, without thinking much of it, Jennell Jenney swabbed her cheek and signed up to be a donor.  Across the country, Jim Munroe desperately needed a miracle, a one-in-eight-million connection that would save him. It proved to be a match made in marrow, a bit of magic in the world that hadn’t been there before.  But when Jennell and Jim had a heart-to-heart in his suburban Dallas backyard, they realized they had contradictory ideas about where that magic came from. Today, an allegory for how to walk through the world in a way that lets you be deeply different, but totally together.  This piece was reported by Latif Nasser.  It was produced by Annie McEwen, with help from Bethel Habte and Alex Overington. Special thanks to Dr. Matthew J. Matasar, Dr. John Hill, Stephen Spellman at CIBMTR, St. Cloud State University’s Cru Chapter, and Mandy Naglich. Join Be The Match's bone marrow registry here: https://join.bethematch.org [https://join.bethematch.org] EPISODE CREDITS:  Reported by - Latif Nasser Produced by - Annie McEwen with help from - Bethel Habte, and Alex Overington Sign-up for our newsletter!! It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up [https://radiolab.org/newsletter] (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab [http://members.radiolab.org] (https://members.radiolab.org/) today. Follow our show on Instagram [http://instagram.com/radiolab], Twitter [http://twitter.com/radiolab] and Facebook [http://facebook.com/radiolab] @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org [radiolab@wnyc.org]. Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.