If You Want To Improve Your Community, Think Like A Developer
If you want to improve your local community, think like a developer.
Federal government programs spur billions of dollars of investment in real estate. For example, Opportunity Zones alone account for more than $14 billion per year in private investment driven by tax incentives.
But how do these programs work? What are we getting for all that spending? And how do the economic realities of building things in the US incentivize where money is and isn't placed? Brett Theodos can answer all of this. He's Director of the Center for Local Finance and Growth at the Urban Institute and a leading researcher in place-based development.
Whether you're a mission-driven investor, a for-profit real estate owner, or a neighborhood advocate, looking at community through the lens of capital, as Brett does in this conversation, is incredibly helpful. He spoke with Camber Creek Partner Alexandra Nicoletti and Head of Platform Lionel Foster.
1:40 Brett reflects on growing up in Oak Park, Illinois, and how living in a walkable, racially integrated community shaped his worldview.
4:00 The physical design of communities profoundly shapes social, economic, and political outcomes.
06:30 Brett evaluates the largest government-funded real estate investment programs in the country, including Opportunity Zones, New Markets Tax Credits, Choice Neighborhoods, and Community Development Block Grants. What are we getting for the billions we’re spending?
09:10 The US is pretty good at subsidizing new buildings in poor areas and supporting market-rate development in affluent ones, but struggles everywhere in between.
13:30 US housing and community development policy has increasingly shifted from direct spending toward tax incentives.
15:30 How Opportunity Zones became one of the least targeted federal economic development programs in US history
25:10 Tax-credit programs create significant barriers to entry because of legal and financial complexity.
27:00 Brett praises smaller developers willing to invest in uncertain or declining markets for undertaking socially valuable work.
29:00 Financing gaps, regulation, labor shortages, tariffs, and demographic shifts continue to constrain housing supply.
30:00 The unrealized promise of automation and prefabrication in lowering construction costs
31:00 Policymakers underestimate the human and entrepreneurial realities developers face when deciding whether to pursue projects.