Secret Police

The Sovereignty Commission & The State of Mississippi

In the wake of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka, Mississippi's state government felt that segregation was threated by Federal encroachment. Segregation was the legal practice of separating blacks and whites in public life in the Deep South of the United States. From 1956 to 1973, the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission enforced segregation from the shadows. The Commission spied on Mississippi residents, American citizens, and promoted segregation across America. The Ku Klux Klan helped. Socials: IG: @secretpolicepodcast X: hush_popo Substack: @secretpolicepodcast Gmail: secretpolicepodcast@gmail.com Sources: Sov Com Database: https://da.mdah.ms.gov/sovcom/ [https://da.mdah.ms.gov/sovcom/] Mississippi State Secrets. History Channel. May 2, 2006. Uploaded to YouTube by bayridge53, January 3, 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz0JFELRwko&list=PLyw95kShWfm_rHz4ZaCyC7PtRRstx6Dx8&t=846s&ab_channel=bayridge53 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz0JFELRwko&list=PLyw95kShWfm_rHz4ZaCyC7PtRRstx6Dx8&t=846s&ab_channel=bayridge53] Origin of Names of US States. US Department of the Interior. Indian Affairs. https://www.bia.gov/as-ia/opa/online-press-release/origin-names-us-states [https://www.bia.gov/as-ia/opa/online-press-release/origin-names-us-states] Bureau of Transportation Statistics. US Department of Transportation. Tonnage of Top 50 U.S. Water Ports, Ranked by Total Tons. https://www.bts.gov/content/tonnage-top-50-us-water-ports-ranked-total-tons [https://www.bts.gov/content/tonnage-top-50-us-water-ports-ranked-total-tons] The Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB). United States Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/ms-htf/mississippiatchafalaya-river-basin-marb [https://www.epa.gov/ms-htf/mississippiatchafalaya-river-basin-marb] Mississippi. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Mississippi-state [https://www.britannica.com/place/Mississippi-state] Soil Resources Areas of Mississippi. Mississippi Agricultural & Forestry Experiment Station. Department of Agronomy. D. E. Pettry. May 1977. Treaty of Tordesillas. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Tordesillas [https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Tordesillas] Jun 7, 1494 CE: Treaty of Tordesillas. National Geographic. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/treaty-tordesillas/ [https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/treaty-tordesillas/] Privateers in the American Revolution. National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/articles/privateers-in-the-american-revolution.htm#:~:text=A%20Privateer%20Commission%20was%20issued,or%20lightly%20armed%2C%20commercial%20ship [https://www.nps.gov/articles/privateers-in-the-american-revolution.htm#:~:text=A%20Privateer%20Commission%20was%20issued,or%20lightly%20armed%2C%20commercial%20ship] Unboxing Mississippi: What It's Like Living in Mississippi. Nick Johnson. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVKOaT1blLM&list=PLyw95kShWfm_rHz4ZaCyC7PtRRstx6Dx8&index=11&ab_channel=NickJohnson [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVKOaT1blLM&list=PLyw95kShWfm_rHz4ZaCyC7PtRRstx6Dx8&index=11&ab_channel=NickJohnson] A Brief History of English Privateers. The Collector. Cale Gressman. May 9, 2023. https://www.thecollector.com/english-privateers/ [https://www.thecollector.com/english-privateers/] Chartered Company. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/money/chartered-company [https://www.britannica.com/money/chartered-company] Virginia Company. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Virginia-Company [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Virginia-Company] The Popham Colony of 1607. Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation & Forestry. https://www.maine.gov/dacf/parks/discover_history_explore_nature/history/popham_colony/index.shtml [https://www.maine.gov/dacf/parks/discover_history_explore_nature/history/popham_colony/index.shtml] Price, D. A. (1998, July 20). Pocahontas | Biography, Cultural Legacy, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pocahontas-Powhatan-princess [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pocahontas-Powhatan-princess] Price, D. A. (1998, July 20). Jamestown Colony | History, Foundation, Settlement, Map, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Jamestown-Colony/The-Starving-Time-and-near-abandonment-1609-11#ref247839 [https://www.britannica.com/place/Jamestown-Colony/The-Starving-Time-and-near-abandonment-1609-11#ref247839] John Rolfe - Historic Jamestowne Part of Colonial National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service). (2022). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/jame/learn/historyculture/john-rolfe.htm [https://www.nps.gov/jame/learn/historyculture/john-rolfe.htm] Teach Democracy. (2024). Teachdemocracy.org. https://teachdemocracy.org/bill-of-rights-in-action/bria-15-4-c-laws-of-the-indies-spain-and-the-native-peoples-of-the-new-world#:~:text=The%20Spanish%20conquistadors%2C%20who%20went,conquistadors%20attacked%20and%20slaughtered%20them [https://teachdemocracy.org/bill-of-rights-in-action/bria-15-4-c-laws-of-the-indies-spain-and-the-native-peoples-of-the-new-world#:~:text=The%20Spanish%20conquistadors%2C%20who%20went,conquistadors%20attacked%20and%20slaughtered%20them] Brief Biography of William Penn. (2025). Ushistory.org. https://www.ushistory.org/penn/bio.htm#:~:text=King%20Charles%20II%20of%20England,honor%20of%20the%20elder%20Penn [https://www.ushistory.org/penn/bio.htm#:~:text=King%20Charles%20II%20of%20England,honor%20of%20the%20elder%20Penn] The People Involved in the French and Indian War. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/people-involved-french-and-indian-war#:~:text=The%20Algonquin%2Dspeaking%20people%20largely,with%20the%20Algonquins%20and%20French [https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/people-involved-french-and-indian-war#:~:text=The%20Algonquin-speaking%20people%20largely,with%20the%20Algonquins%20and%20French] Yazoo Land Fraud - New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2017, June 8). George R. Lamplugh. New Georgia Encyclopedia. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/yazoo-land-fraud/ [https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/yazoo-land-fraud/] Progress of the Nation -- 1790 to 1890 by Robert P. Porter, Henry Gannett, and William C. Hunt. For 1890 Census Estimates. Cawthon, W. (2017). Was the South Poor Before the War? – Abbeville Institute. Abbevilleinstitute.org. https://www.abbevilleinstitute.org/was-the-south-poor-before-the-war/#_ednref20 [https://www.abbevilleinstitute.org/was-the-south-poor-before-the-war/#_ednref20] Tonge, P. (1983, March 22). Natchez: in 1850 half of the millionaires in the US lived here. The Christian Science Monitor. https://www.csmonitor.com/1983/0322/032230.html [https://www.csmonitor.com/1983/0322/032230.html] Cotton in a Global Economy: Mississippi (1800-1860) - 2006-10. (2025). Ms.gov. https://www.mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/cotton-in-a-global-economy-mississippi-1800-1860 [https://www.mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/cotton-in-a-global-economy-mississippi-1800-1860] Social and Economic History, 1817–1890. (2017, October 16). Mississippi Encyclopedia. Mississippi Encyclopedia. https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/overviews/social-and-economic-history-1817-1890/ [https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/overviews/social-and-economic-history-1817-1890/] Industry and Economy during the Civil War (U.S. National Park Service). (2017). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/articles/industry-and-economy-during-the-civil-war.htm#:~:text=The%20North%20produced%2017%20times,100%20produced%20in%20the%20South [https://www.nps.gov/articles/industry-and-economy-during-the-civil-war.htm#:~:text=The%20North%20produced%2017%20times,100%20produced%20in%20the%20South]. Dunbar-Ortiz, R. (2018, January 18). United States Policing and “Gun Rights” Began With Slave Patrols. Truthout. https://truthout.org/articles/united-states-policing-and-gun-rights-began-with-slave-patrol/#:~:text=By%201704%2C%20the%20South%20Carolina,militia%20rolls%20in%20every%20locale [https://truthout.org/articles/united-states-policing-and-gun-rights-began-with-slave-patrol/#:~:text=By%201704%2C%20the%20South%20Carolina,militia%20rolls%20in%20every%20locale] Slave Patrols. (2017, July 11). Mississippi Encyclopedia. Mississippi Encyclopedia. https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/slave-patrols/ [https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/slave-patrols/] Trigger Events of the Civil War. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/trigger-events-civil-war [https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/trigger-events-civil-war] Springston, R. (2019, May 23). Fighting myths, misconceptions and misunderstandings about race, slavery and the Civil War • Virginia Mercury. Virginia Mercury. https://virginiamercury.com/2019/05/23/fighting-myths-misconceptions-and-misunderstandings-about-race-slavery-and-the-civil-war/ [https://virginiamercury.com/2019/05/23/fighting-myths-misconceptions-and-misunderstandings-about-race-slavery-and-the-civil-war/] Williams, D. (2020, September 27). Banned Books Week: Maine Authors - First Amendment Museum. First Amendment Museum. https://firstamendmentmuseum.org/banned/ [https://firstamendmentmuseum.org/banned/] John Brown. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/john-brown [https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/john-brown] First Sack of Lawrence. Matthew E. Stanley. Civil War on the Western Border. (2024). Civilwaronthewesternborder.org. https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/first-sack-lawrence [https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/first-sack-lawrence] Capital-Star Guest Contributor. (2020, March 2). Here’s 15 things you didn’t know about the “Dred Scott” decision | Opinion • Pennsylvania Capital-Star. Pennsylvania Capital-Star. https://penncapital-star.com/civil-rights-social-justice/heres-15-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-dred-scott-decision-opinion/#:~:text=2 [https://penncapital-star.com/civil-rights-social-justice/heres-15-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-dred-scott-decision-opinion/#:~:text=2] Dred Scott v. Sandford. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved March 27, 2025, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/60us393 [https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/60us393] The Election of 1860. (2025). Tulane.edu. https://www2.tulane.edu/~sumter/Background/BackgroundElection.html [https://www2.tulane.edu/~sumter/Background/BackgroundElection.html] War Declared: States Secede from the Union! - Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park (U.S. National Park Service). (2023). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/kemo/learn/historyculture/wardeclared.htm [https://www.nps.gov/kemo/learn/historyculture/wardeclared.htm] Gienapp, W. E. (2025). Abraham Lincoln and the Border States. Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association, 13(1). http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.2629860.0013.104 [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.2629860.0013.104] Civil War Trail Map Guides & Mobile App. (2025). VisitMaryland.org. https://www.visitmaryland.org/article/civil-war-history [https://www.visitmaryland.org/article/civil-war-history] Mississippi Soldiers in the Civil War - 2009-04. (2025). Ms.gov. https://mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/mississippi-soldiers-in-the-civil-war [https://mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/mississippi-soldiers-in-the-civil-war] The South During the Civil War | Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861-1877 | U.S. History Primary Source Timeline | Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress | Library of Congress. (2015). The Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/united-states-history-primary-source-timeline/civil-war-and-reconstruction-1861-1877/south-during-the-civil-war/ [https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/united-states-history-primary-source-timeline/civil-war-and-reconstruction-1861-1877/south-during-the-civil-war/] Cornerstone Contributions: Investing in the Confederacy: The Role of Bonds in Funding the Confederacy. (2023, May 25). DHR. https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/blog-posts/cornerstone-contributions-investing-in-the-confederacy-the-role-of-bonds-in-funding-the-confederacy/#:~:text=The%20Confederate%20government%20turned%20to,(Weidenmier%201993%3A2) [https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/blog-posts/cornerstone-contributions-investing-in-the-confederacy-the-role-of-bonds-in-funding-the-confederacy/#:~:text=The%20Confederate%20government%20turned%20to,(Weidenmier%201993%3A2)] Post, E. G. (2021, July 29). The Economic Challenges of the Confederacy - Emerging Civil War. Emerging Civil War. https://emergingcivilwar.com/2021/07/29/the-economic-challenges-of-the-confederacy/ [https://emergingcivilwar.com/2021/07/29/the-economic-challenges-of-the-confederacy/] Reconstruction. (2017, July 11). Mississippi Encyclopedia. Mississippi Encyclopedia. https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/reconstruction/ [https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/reconstruction/] Black Codes. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/black-codes [https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/black-codes] Mississippi Black Code, 1865 | The American Yawp Reader. (2016). Americanyawp.com. https://www.americanyawp.com/reader/reconstruction/mississippi-black-code-1865/#:~:text=South%20Carolina%20and%20Mississippi%20passed,also%20denied%20other%20fundamental%20rights [https://www.americanyawp.com/reader/reconstruction/mississippi-black-code-1865/#:~:text=South%20Carolina%20and%20Mississippi%20passed,also%20denied%20other%20fundamental%20rights] U.S. Constitution - Fourteenth Amendment | Resources | Constitution Annotated | Congress.gov | Library of Congress. (2025). Congress.gov. https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-14/ [https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-14/] U.S. Constitution - Fifteenth Amendment | Resources | Constitution Annotated | Congress.gov | Library of Congress. (2025). Congress.gov. https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-15/ [https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-15/] Ku Klux Klan in the Reconstruction Era - New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2020, August 12). New Georgia Encyclopedia. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/ku-klux-klan-in-the-reconstruction-era/ [https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/ku-klux-klan-in-the-reconstruction-era/] Fedell, V. A. (2022, December 16). VICKSBURG FACTS: The bloody steps to the Vicksburg Massacre - The Vicksburg Post. The Vicksburg Post. https://www.vicksburgpost.com/2022/12/16/vicksburg-facts-the-bloody-steps-to-the-vicksburg-massacre/ [https://www.vicksburgpost.com/2022/12/16/vicksburg-facts-the-bloody-steps-to-the-vicksburg-massacre/] The End of Reconstruction - Vicksburg National Military Park (U.S. National Park Service). (2024). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/historyculture/the-end-of-reconstruction.htm#:~:text=White%20Democrats%20took%20control%20of,1877%20that%20made%20Rutherford%20B [https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/historyculture/the-end-of-reconstruction.htm#:~:text=White%20Democrats%20took%20control%20of,1877%20that%20made%20Rutherford%20B] Emmett Till | Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2016). Federal Bureau of Investigation. https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/emmett-till [https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/emmett-till] Graball Landing | Emmett Till. (2024). Emmett Till. https://www.emmett-till.org/graball-landing [https://www.emmett-till.org/graball-landing] Mississippi Burning | Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2019). Federal Bureau of Investigation. https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/mississippi-burning [https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/mississippi-burning] Man convicted of 3 killing civil rights workers dies in jail. (2018, January 13). AP News. https://apnews.com/article/3d82e778b5d643088268c3214ae904f8 [https://apnews.com/article/3d82e778b5d643088268c3214ae904f8] Media, C. (2011, September 9). The Case of the Supposedly Sealed Files—And What They Revealed - Nieman Reports. Nieman Reports. https://niemanreports.org/the-case-of-the-supposedly-sealed-files-and-what-they-revealed/#:~:text=But%20then%20there%20was%20the,to%20see%20them%20until%202027 [https://niemanreports.org/the-case-of-the-supposedly-sealed-files-and-what-they-revealed/#:~:text=But%20then%20there%20was%20the,to%20see%20them%20until%202027] Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education. (2023, April 25). Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes252031.htm [https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes252031.htm] Taft, I. (2024, November 7). Jackson Mayor Chokwe Antar Lumumba Is Indicted on Federal Corruption Charges. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/07/us/jackson-mayor-indicted-federal-corruption.html [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/07/us/jackson-mayor-indicted-federal-corruption.html] Dred Scott v. Sandford. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved March 27, 2025, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/60us393 [https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/60us393] Yazoo Land Fraud - New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2017, June 8). New Georgia Encyclopedia. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/yazoo-land-fraud/ [https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/yazoo-land-fraud/] Pottawatomie Massacre | Civil War on the Western Border. (2024). Civilwaronthewesternborder.org. https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/pottawatomie-massacre [https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/pottawatomie-massacre] Trouble Brews in Mississippi. British Pathe. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80Fo4AWaXis&ab_channel=BritishPath%C3%A9 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80Fo4AWaXis&ab_channel=BritishPath%C3%A9] Music: Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by Media Music Group Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone Bones - Quirky and mysterious plucked strings. Murder mystery and gothic mood by Gerardo Final Speech by Humans Win Discovery of Lost Worlds by Humans Win On the Edge of War Jon Presstone Mississippi Ridin’ Son by Yagull Music Suspenseful Piano Documentary Music Trailer by Media Music Group Sound FX: Storyblocks Special thanks to KFW Youtube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@kyfirearms [https://www.youtube.com/@kyfirearms]

7. Apr. 2025 - 2 h 25 min

Congo's Force Publique & King Leopold II

If greed were a person he would be Belgian monarch, King Leopold II. In this episode, we will explore the incredibly dark history of the Congo region in Central Africa. Congo has a history of exploitation by European colonizers and extractive industries. The worst of these predators was King Leopold II whose need to secure a colony for Belgium drove the him to deceive the international community for decades. His deception was a cover for his quest to create wealth for his own fortune and for Belgium at the cost of an estimated many millions of lives. Leopold’s personal property, the Congo Free State, utilized the barbaric services of The Force Publique, a secret police force that terrorized the Congolese people. Socials: IG @secretpolicepodcast X hush_popo Gmail secretpolicepodcast@gmail.com Sources: Geography Now. Geography Now! CONGO (Democratic republic). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD3ZFQ62Vxc&ab_channel=GeographyNow [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD3ZFQ62Vxc&ab_channel=GeographyNow] The Kongo Kingdom. Infographics Africa. The Rise and Fall of the Kingdom of Kongo: Tales of Three Kings. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z73ievjudi8&ab_channel=InfographicsAfrica [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z73ievjudi8&ab_channel=InfographicsAfrica] The Kingdom of Kongo. Step Back. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8DmKlw1jcA&ab_channel=StepBack [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8DmKlw1jcA&ab_channel=StepBack] Congo River Basin. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Congo-Basin [https://www.britannica.com/place/Congo-Basin] Congo: The Epic History of a People by David Van Reybrouck. (2015). The Kongo kingdom: Long-standing diplomatic and trade connections with Europe. The Africa Museum. https://www.africamuseum.be/en/discover/history_articles/kongo-kingdom [https://www.africamuseum.be/en/discover/history_articles/kongo-kingdom] Revising the Population History of the Kingdom of Kongo by John K. Thornton. The Journal of African History (July 2021). The Miserable Story of The Congo. Hoser. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4INpgF4YPhA&ab_channel=hoser [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4INpgF4YPhA&ab_channel=hoser] Berlin Conference of 1884–1885. Encyclopedia of Africa [https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709]. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Kwame Anthony Appiah. https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709-e-0467 [https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709-e-0467] Why is Belgium a country? - History of Belgium in 11 Minutes. Knowledgia. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxEySPSUcXs&t=42s&ab_channel=Knowledgia [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxEySPSUcXs&t=42s&ab_channel=Knowledgia] Encyclopedia Britannica. Leopold I. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leopold-I-king-of-Belgium [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leopold-I-king-of-Belgium] The History Behind the ‘Victoria’ in Victoria’s Secret. Time Magazine. Merrill Fabry. https://time.com/4140242/victorias-secret-fashion-show-history/ [https://time.com/4140242/victorias-secret-fashion-show-history/] A Habsburg Tragedy – Crown Prince Rudolf by Judith Hare [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judith_Hare,_Countess_of_Listowel]. (1978). Association Internationale Africaine. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Association-Internationale-Africaine [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Association-Internationale-Africaine] Henry Morton Stanley. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley] A Brief History of The Scramble For Africa. A. J. Merrick. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzF88HBlAHY&t=358s&ab_channel=A.J.Merrick [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzF88HBlAHY&t=358s&ab_channel=A.J.Merrick] What Each Nation Wanted From the Scramble for Africa. Vologda Mapping. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygUZ7K-0nVY&t=70s&ab_channel=VologdaMapping [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygUZ7K-0nVY&t=70s&ab_channel=VologdaMapping] How did Italy Lose to Ethiopia? (1895) | Animated History. The Armchair Historian. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Hln0GjuUQk&ab_channel=TheArmchairHistorian [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Hln0GjuUQk&ab_channel=TheArmchairHistorian] The Berlin Conference (1884 - 1885). Logic Owl. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vO3-SNpCbSo&t=76s&ab_channel=LogicOwl [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vO3-SNpCbSo&t=76s&ab_channel=LogicOwl] Perspectives in History podcast. Congo Free State. Willem Conner King Leopold's ghost : a story of greed, terror, and heroism in colonial Africa by Adam Hochschild. 2002. The 10 richest royal families in Europe, ranked by Hillary Hoffower. Business Insider. October 21, 2019. https://www.businessinsider.com/royal-family-net-worth-europe-ranked-2018-5#4-queen-elizabeth-ii-england-7 [https://www.businessinsider.com/royal-family-net-worth-europe-ranked-2018-5#4-queen-elizabeth-ii-england-7] A coffee for the crown: The cost and worth of the Belgian Monarchy. Rita Alves. July 21, 2024. 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Eric Osa. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fstVjSdw9oc&list=PLyw95kShWfm_ydGobR4a6uDkyd7BIur1o&index=11&ab_channel=EricOsa [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fstVjSdw9oc&list=PLyw95kShWfm_ydGobR4a6uDkyd7BIur1o&index=11&ab_channel=EricOsa] Digital 2024: The Democratic Republic of the Congo by Simon Kemp. February 23, 2024. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-democratic-republic-of-the-congo#:~:text=The%20DRC's%20internet%20penetration%20rate,January%202023%20and%20January%202024 [https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-democratic-republic-of-the-congo#:~:text=The%20DRC]. Congo (DRC) Country Profile – Military / Security by by COL L. Bortoluzzi Garcia [https://pksoi.armywarcollege.edu/index.php/author/wp-cdiniz/]. Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute. Army War College. September 13, 2020. History and renovation. 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July 4, 2022. https://diplomatie.belgium.be/en/policy/policy-areas/highlighted/belgium-and-dr-congo-working-together-future [https://diplomatie.belgium.be/en/policy/policy-areas/highlighted/belgium-and-dr-congo-working-together-future] How did Patrice Lumumba die? Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/story/how-did-patrice-lumumba-die [https://www.britannica.com/story/how-did-patrice-lumumba-die] Music: Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics Kalahari Wind by Humans Win Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone Andante Sostenuto piano solo classical by Raighes Factory Tension in the Dark by Jon Presstone Gnosienne by Eric Satie performed by Neil Cross and Raighes Factory Bones - Quirky and mysterious plucked strings. Murder mystery and gothic mood by Gerardo Garcia Jr Shake It and Break It (Weary Blues) by Humans Win Love of God Cello by SBA Disclaimers: NO AI was used to write or edit the contents of the show. The opening scene is an excerpt from George Washington Williams' Open Letter to King Leopold II January 15, 2024 changed the opening scene.

13. Jan. 2025 - 2 h 9 min

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