Formed by the Feed — Discipleship, Discernment, and the Age of AI
What happens to your soul when you let an algorithm do your thinking? Spoiler alert: it’s not great. In this episode, Dr. Jeffery Skinner dives into the sneaky ways AI and digital platforms are reshaping our conscience and dulling our discernment. You might think you’re just scrolling through memes or getting your daily news fix, but you’re actually sidelining the part of you that wrestles with deeper questions about faith and morality. It’s like outsourcing your soul's workout to a couch potato. We’ll explore how this digital age affects our spiritual growth and discernment, and why it’s crucial for us to reclaim our ability to think critically and seek God authentically. So grab your headphones, and let’s get into why your soul might be missing out on some serious gym time while you’re busy clicking ‘like’ on everything.
SCRIPTURE REFERENCES
Romans 12:2 — Transformation through the renewing of the mind
Hebrews 5:14 — Mature believers train themselves to discern good and evil
Matthew 25:14–30 — The Parable of the Talents
Luke 6:40 — A disciple, when fully trained, will be like their teacher
Acts 15 — The Jerusalem Council as communal discernment
Galatians 5:13–25 — Life in the Spirit and formation of character
1 Timothy 4:7–8 — Training in godliness
JAMES K.A. SMITH — Desiring the Kingdom & You Are What You Love
Smith’s big idea is that we are formed by what we habitually do, not primarily by what we intellectually believe. He draws from Augustine — we are lovers before we are thinkers. Our desires are shaped by repeated practices, or what he calls cultural liturgies.
The Wesleyan Arminian angle: Smith gives us the mechanism of formation that Wesley always assumed but didn’t systematize. Wesley’s class meetings, his means of grace, his disciplined rhythms — these were all essentially liturgical formation practices. Smith helps you articulate why they worked and why their absence hurts.
Key ideas to track down:
∙ Liturgy as desire formation — practices shape loves before the mind engages
∙ The mall as cathedral — his famous illustration of secular liturgies forming us toward consumption
∙ Counter-formation requires intentional, embodied, communal practice
ALAN JACOBS — How to Think (2017)
Jacobs is winsome, careful, and genuinely funny. His core argument is that thinking well is not primarily an intellectual skill — it’s a moral and social practice. We think badly not because we’re stupid but because we’re embedded in communities that reward certain conclusions and punish others.
He introduces the idea of the “inner ring” — borrowed from C.S. Lewis — the social pressure to think like your tribe. Algorithms weaponize the inner ring. They identify your tribe, amplify its voice, and make departure feel socially costly.
Key ideas to track down:
∙ Thinking as a communal practice that can be corrupted by social incentives
∙ The “repugnant cultural other” — his term for how we’re trained to caricature those who think differently
∙ Charitable interpretation as a spiritual discipline
JOHN DYER — From the Garden to the City (2011)
Dyer is the most theologically careful of the group and writes from an evangelical framework that translates well into Wesleyan categories. His central argument is that technology is never neutral — it always shapes the user, not just the world the user acts on.
He traces this from Genesis forward. Every technology from agriculture to the printing press to the smartphone changes what humans pay attention to, what they value, and ultimately who they become.
Dyer gives biblical and historical credibility. This isn’t a panic about modern machines — it’s a pattern as old as humanity. The question has always been whether we are using tools or being used by them.
Key ideas to track down:
∙ Technology as transformation — it changes us, not just our circumstances
∙ The Babel narrative as a technology cautionary tale
∙ The difference between tools that extend human capacity and tools that replace human judgment
TRISTAN HARRIS — Humane Technology Work
Harris is not a theologian but he is our most credible secular witness. As a former Google design ethicist he speaks from the inside. His core argument is that social media and AI are not neutral platforms — they are persuasion engines optimized for engagement, which means optimized for outrage, anxiety, and compulsion.
His most useful concept for your episode is “the race to the bottom of the brain stem” — the competition among tech companies to capture attention by appealing to the most reactive, least reflective parts of us.
For Wesleyan Arminian framework: Wesley was deeply concerned with what he called the “carnal mind” — the unregenerate, reactive, self-centered orientation of the human soul. Harris, without knowing it, has mapped the technology infrastructure that feeds the carnal mind and starves the renewed one.
Key ideas to track down at humanetech.com:
∙ The asymmetry of power between algorithm and user
∙ Engagement vs. wellbeing as competing design goals
∙ His congressional testimony — specific, quotable, publicly available
SHOSHANA ZUBOFF — The Age of Surveillance Capitalism (2019)
Zuboff is dense but her core idea is accessible and important: human experience has become raw material harvested by technology companies to predict and modify behavior. She calls this behavioral modification at scale.
I did not go deep into her economics. What matters is her moral argument: this system requires human beings to be predictable. And predictable people are, by definition, not growing. Not being transformed. Not surprising even themselves.
The Wesleyan connection is sharp: entire sanctification, growth in grace, the Spirit’s renewing work — all of these assume a human being who is genuinely changing. Surveillance capitalism needs you to stay the same. Grace refuses to let you.
Key ideas to track down:
∙ Behavioral surplus — the data harvested beyond what you knowingly give
∙ The goal of certainty over human behavior as the system’s deepest aim
∙ Her concept of instrumentarian power — shaping behavior without direct coercion
DALLAS WILLARD — Formation Theology
Willard isn’t writing about AI but he is your theological backbone for the whole episode. His central claim is that spiritual formation is the church’s primary task and that it requires intentional, disciplined, often uncomfortable engagement with practices that renovate the soul.
His concept of “the gospel of sin management” is particularly useful. The critique that the church has reduced discipleship to behavior modification rather than genuine transformation of the whole person.
For your Wesleyan Arminian framework: Willard was deeply influenced by Wesley, and his formation theology maps almost directly onto Wesley’s via salutis — the way of salvation as a journey of genuine transformation, not just positional declaration.
Key ideas to track down:
∙ Spiritual disciplines as training, not trying — you don’t try to run a marathon, you train for one
∙ The renovated will as the goal of formation
∙ “Non-discipleship is the elephant in the church” — this is one of his most quotable lines and widely attributed so worth verifying
Referenced Resources
Andy Crouch — The Life We’re Looking For (2022)
James K.A. Smith — Desiring the Kingdom (2009) and You Are What You Love (2016)
John Dyer — From the Garden to the City (2011)
Reverend Dr. Tim Gaines-Christian Ethics (2021)
Alan Jacobs — How to Think (2017)
Shoshana Zuboff — The Age of Surveillance Capitalism (2019)
Shoshana Zubof [https://studio.youtube.com/channel/UCDm4FXU3fzzf7AYP1eCeuxg/videos/upload?d=ud&filter=%5B%5D&sort=%7B%22columnType%22%3A%22date%22%2C%22sortOrder%22%3A%22DESCENDING%22%7D]f Youtube Harvard Lecture
Tristan Harris — most of his quotable material lives at humanetech.com [humanetech.com ]and his congressional testimonies, which are publicly searchable.
The episode unfolds as a candid examination of how our reliance on artificial intelligence might be weakening our spiritual discernment and moral agency. Dr. Skinner introduces a fictional conversation where Mia, a young woman grappling with personal dilemmas, seeks advice from an AI. This scenario sets the stage for a larger discussion on the implications of turning to technology over human interaction for guidance. The AI, while appearing supportive and non-judgmental, represents a broader trend of individuals seeking validation and answers from algorithms, rather than engaging in the messy, beautiful work of community and spiritual growth. As the episode progresses, listeners are invited to reflect on their habits and the subtle shifts in their spiritual practices caused by digital engagement. Dr. Skinner articulates how algorithms prioritize efficiency and comfort, often at the expense of genuine moral engagement and personal growth. He details the necessity of re-establishing practices that encourage discernment, such as communal discussions and personal reflection, which can counteract the passive consumption of information. The episode concludes with a powerful call to action: to put down our devices, engage with our conscience, and embrace the challenging yet rewarding path of spiritual formation that requires presence, conversation, and the courage to grow.
Takeaways:
1. Letting algorithms do our thinking might save time, but it can weaken our spiritual discernment.
2. The digital age encourages us to seek quick answers instead of wrestling with deep moral questions.
3. Community engagement is essential for discernment; it helps us navigate moral complexities together.
4. Algorithms often reinforce our existing beliefs instead of challenging us to grow and change.
Links referenced in this episode:
1. echoesthrougheternity [https://echoesthrougheternity]
2. amazon [https://amazon]
3. foundry [https://foundry]
Companies mentioned in this episode:
1. Dynamic Church Planting International
2. Google
3. Tristan Harris
4. Dallas Willard
Additional Recommended Reading
C.S. Lewis — 'The Inner Ring' (essay, 1944) — referenced via Alan Jacobs; freely available online
The Inner Ring — C.S. Lewis essay (free): https://www.lewissociety.org/innerring/ [https://www.lewissociety.org/innerring/]
Todd Bolsinger — Canoeing the Mountains: Christian Leadership in Uncharted Territory (2015) — IVP
NT Wright — After You Believe: Why Christian Character Matters (2010) — HarperOne
All thinkers referenced in this episode are cited by idea and concept rather than direct quotation, consistent with careful research practice. . The concepts as described are accurate representations of each author's documented work.
This podcast uses the following third-party services for analysis:
Podcorn - https://podcorn.com/privacy
OP3 - https://op3.dev/privacy
