The History of Colombia: Conflict, Cartels, and Change — Fexingo History

Colombia's 1885 Civil War and the Birth of the Regeneration

In 1885, Colombia erupted into a civil war that would reshape the nation for decades. This episode follows the conservative rebellion against the liberal government of President Rafael Núñez, the pivotal Battle of La Humareda where General Juan de Dios Uribe fell, and the subsequent political revolution that led to the 1886 Constitution. We explore how Núñez, once a liberal, pivoted to ally with the Partido Nacional and the Catholic Church, centralizing power and ending the federalist Estados Unidos de Colombia. The war's aftermath saw the execution of liberal generals and the consolidation of the Regeneration, a period of conservative rule that lasted until the Thousand Days War. Along the way, we discuss the role of the Colombian Conservative Party, the schism within liberalism, and the enduring legacy of Núñez's famous slogan 'Regeneración o catástrofe.' This episode offers a focused look at a turning point often overshadowed by later conflicts. #ColombiaHistory #LaRegeneración #RafaelNúñez #1885CivilWar #BattleOfLaHumareda #PartidoNacional #ColombianConservativeParty #1886Constitution #EstadosUnidosDeColombia #GuerraCivilDe1885 #GeneralJuanDeDiosUribe #FederalismVsCentralism #ColombianPolitics #SouthAmerica #19thCentury #FexingoHistory #History #Colombia Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Thousand Days War: Colombia's Bloodiest Civil War

In this episode, we explore the Guerra de los Mil Días (1899-1902), Colombia's devastating civil war that pitted Liberals against Conservatives. We focus on the brutal Battle of Palonegro, where 4,000 soldiers died in 18 days of trench warfare, and the role of Liberal caudillo Rafael Uribe Uribe. We discuss how the war ended with the treaties of Neerlandia and Wisconsin, the economic collapse that followed, and how the conflict set the stage for the loss of Panama in 1903. We also touch on the human cost: an estimated 100,000 dead out of a population of 4 million, and the lasting trauma that fueled La Violencia decades later. #GuerraDeLosMilDías #ColombianCivilWar #BattleOfPalonegro #RafaelUribeUribe #TreatyOfNeerlandia #TreatyOfWisconsin #LiberalParty #ConservativeParty #Regeneración #ManuelAntonioSanclemente #JoséManuelMarroquín #PanamaSecession #1899 #1902 #ColombiaHistory #LatinAmericanHistory #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The Forgotten War: Colombia's Conflict with Peru over Leticia

In 1932, Colombia and Peru went to war over a tiny Amazonian town called Leticia. This episode dives into the forgotten conflict that almost spiraled into a full-scale war, pitting Colombian president Enrique Olaya Herrera against Peruvian dictator Luis Sánchez Cerro. We explore the diplomatic tensions, the jungle warfare, and the role of the League of Nations in brokering peace. Hear about the Colombian gunboat fleet, the daring Amazon river campaigns, and how the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro finally settled the border dispute. This is a story of nationalism, Amazonian geography, and the fragile peace in early 20th-century South America. #Colombia #Peru #LeticiaWar #EnriqueOlayaHerrera #LuisSánchezCerro #AmazonWar #TreatyOfRioDeJaneiro #LeagueOfNations #AlfredoVásquezCobo #AmazonRiver #PutumayoRiver #Iquitos #Tarapacá #SouthAmericanHistory #History #FexingoHistory #War #Diplomacy Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

The War of a Thousand Days: Colombia's Bloody Civil War

In this episode, Lucas and Luna dive into the War of a Thousand Days (1899–1902), Colombia's longest and most devastating civil war of the 19th century. They explore the Liberal rebellion against the Conservative Regeneration government, key figures like Rafael Uribe Uribe and President Manuel Antonio Sanclemente, and the war's major battles including the Battle of Palonegro. The conversation covers the peace treaties—the Treaty of Neerlandia and the Treaty of Wisconsin—and the war's staggering human cost: over 100,000 dead in a country of 4 million. Lucas explains how the war bankrupted the nation, led to the loss of Panama, and set the stage for La Violencia and modern Colombia. Luna asks about the role of foreign powers, the US gunboat diplomacy, and the cultural memory of the war in Colombian literature, including references to Gabriel García Márquez's 'One Hundred Years of Solitude'. #WarOfATousandDays #ColombianCivilWar #RafaelUribeUribe #BattleOfPalonegro #ManuelAntonioSanclemente #TreatyOfNeerlandia #TreatyOfWisconsin #ColombiaHistory #19thCenturyWarfare #LiberalVsConservative #Regeneration #USImperialism #PanamaLoss #GabrielGarciaMarquez #OneHundredYearsOfSolitude #SouthAmerica #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]

Colombia's 1850s Liberal Revolution: Church, Land, and State

In the mid-19th century, Colombia underwent a radical transformation. Under President José Hilario López, a wave of liberal reforms abolished slavery, ended the church's monopoly on education, and seized vast ecclesiastical properties. This episode follows the reformist firebrands—the Gólgotas—led by young intellectuals like Manuel Murillo Toro and Salvador Camacho Roldán. We explore the 1851 civil war triggered by conservatives and clergy, the 1853 constitution that introduced federalism and universal male suffrage, and the backlash that culminated in the 1854 coup by General José María Melo. These reforms reshaped Colombia's political landscape, setting the stage for the federalist wars of the later 19th century. We also examine the economic impact: the breakup of church lands fueled coffee expansion but also concentrated wealth in new hands. A forgotten moment in Colombian history that echoes into the present. #ColombiaHistory #LiberalRevolution #JoséHilarioLópez #Gólgotas #ManuelMurilloToro #SalvadorCamachoRoldán #1851CivilWar #1853Constitution #1854Coup #GeneralJoséMaríaMelo #SlaveryAbolition #ChurchLands #AntiClericalism #Federalism #CoffeeHistory #19thCentury #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo [https://buymeacoffee.com/fexingo]